Significance of False claim
False claim encompasses various assertions and allegations deemed untrue across different contexts, including ethical, spiritual, and scientific realms. In Jainism and various religious texts such as Arthashastra and Vaishnavism, it includes deceitful assertions made by individuals for personal gain or misleading others regarding spiritual attainments. Legal frameworks, like Dharmashastra, address false claims by imposing penalties for untruthful statements made in judicial contexts. Similarly, claims in science highlight the dangers of misinformation that can mislead healthcare professionals and patients.
Synonyms: False accusation, Untrue assertion, Fabrication, Lie, Misrepresentation, Deception, Falsehood, Untruth, Distortion, Falsification, Pretense
In Dutch: Onjuiste bewering; In Finnish: Väärä väite; In Spanish: Exigencia falsa; In German: Falsche Behauptung; In Swedish: Falskt påstående; In Malay: Tuntutan palsu; In French: Fausse déclaration; In Portugese: Alegação falsa; In Italian: Falsa affermazione; In Polish: Fałszywe roszczenie
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Buddhist concept of 'False claim'
In Buddhism, "False claim" refers to misleading assertions about spiritual achievements, including the fourth Parajika offence, which can lead to loss of bhikkhuhood and seeks recognition or respect without actual attainment or enlightenment.
From: Maha Buddhavamsa—The Great Chronicle of Buddhas
(1) This describes the heretics' accusation that the bhikkhus were pretending to be good.[1] (2) Deceptive assertions made by individuals professing to be Buddhas, but lacking true enlightenment.[2]
From: Vinaya Pitaka (1): Bhikkhu-vibhanga (the analysis of Monks’ rules)
(1) Declarations made by monks regarding their spiritual attainments that are untrue or exaggerated.[3] (2) Statements made by a monk that are untrue regarding his knowledge or spiritual achievements.[4]
From: Guide to Tipitaka
(1) The fourth Parajika offence involving falsely claiming spiritual attainments, resulting in loss of bhikkhuhood.[5]
From: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra
(1) A deceptive assertion made by the rishi to demand respect from the populace, leading to preparations for his public appearance.[6]
From: Shurangama Sutra (with commentary) (English)
(1) Assertions made by individuals claiming spiritual attainments they have not achieved, often to gain recognition or offerings.[7]
Hindu concept of 'False claim'
In Hinduism, "False claim" refers to misleading assertions about spiritual understanding, deceitful ownership declarations, unsubstantiated judicial statements, and untruthful allegations, all potentially resulting in penalties and spiritual harm for the individual involved.
From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
(1) A statement made by a person asserting ownership of a treasure that they are unable to prove, making them a liar.[8] (2) An assertion regarding the lost article that is not truthful or accurate, leading to potential penalties.[9] (3) A claim made by the plaintiff that is not based on truth, and when proven false, the individual making the claim faces penalties.[10]
From: Chaitanya Bhagavata
(1) Assertions made by individuals alleging to have reached a certain level of spiritual love or understanding, which are deemed incorrect and misleading.[11] (2) Assertions made by individuals that the eternal form and pastimes of the Lord are not real or existent.[12]
From: Shukra Niti by Shukracharya
(1) Allegations made without proper evidence or truth, which can mislead judicial actions and require punishment.[13]
Jain concept of 'False claim'
In Jainism, a False claim denotes deceptive assertions aimed at misleading others for selfish gain, highlighting the importance of truthfulness and integrity in one’s conduct and interactions within the community.
From: Sutrakritanga (English translation)
(1) Unfounded assertions or promises made by individuals trying to manipulate or deceive others, often for personal benefit.[14]
The concept of False claim in local and regional sources
The keyphrase "False claim" encompasses misrepresentations that distort truth, unfounded assertions exaggerating benefits, and the doubts raised by the gopis against Krishna, questioning his trustworthiness due to past actions.
From: Triveni Journal
(1) Misrepresentations or deceptions that distort the truth and undermine genuine spiritual or social values.[15] (2) The doubts and accusations made by the gopis against Krishna, questioning his trustworthiness based on his prior actions.[16] (3) Unfounded assertions that exaggerate or misrepresent the benefits or capabilities of a subject or concept.[17]
The concept of False claim in scientific sources
The keyphrase "False claim" pertains to misleading statements about drugs and Ayurvedic treatments, which can deceive healthcare professionals and consumers regarding their effectiveness, potentially impacting public perception and treatment decisions.
From: South African Family Practice
(1) This refers to an assertion made in an advertisement that is untrue, and if the advertiser knows it is false and intends to mislead, the advertisement is considered unethical.[18]
From: South African Journal of Physiotherapy
(1) The most frequently reported transgression was the submission of false claims and accounts submitted to the medical aid by physiotherapists for services not rendered, which is considered unprofessional conduct.[19]
From: Religions Journal (MDPI)
(1) A false claim refers to a monk lying about their spiritual attainments or falsely stating that they have supernormal powers, potentially leading to excommunication if confessed.[20] (2) False claims are present in at least a dozen such videos that circulated in the wake of the Tablighi Jamaat gathering and were sometimes hashtagged with related phrases.[21]
From: Sustainability Journal (MDPI)
(1) False claims are untrue statements made by companies about their environmental practices, often involving outright lies or exaggerations, which are a clear form of greenwashing.[22] (2) These are inaccurate statements that can lead consumers to develop doubt against brands, contributing to skepticism about products being organic.[23]