Significance of Cowrie shell

Cowrie-shells are small shell currencies historically used in trade across Asia and Africa, as noted in South Asia and Arthashastra. These shells are distinctively yellowish with unique markings, described in Rasashastra. Additionally, in Theravada traditions, cowrie-shells symbolize adornment and vanity, often used decoratively. Overall, cowrie-shells played a significant role in historical trade and cultural symbolism in various contexts.

Synonyms: Cowrie

In Dutch: Kauri schelp

In Finnish: Cowrien kuori

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Cowrie shell'

Buddhism Books

In Buddhism, Cowrie-shells symbolize adornment and vanity, representing the superficial aspects of life. They serve as a reminder of the impermanence of material possessions and the importance of focusing on inner virtue rather than external embellishments.

Significance of Cowrie-shells in Theravada (major branch of Buddhism):

Theravada Books

From: Jataka tales [English], Volume 1-6

(1) A type of shell used as decoration on the crow's neck, symbolizing adornment and vanity.^[1]

Theravada is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Hindu concept of 'Cowrie shell'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, Cowrie-shells symbolize traditional trade currency and possess unique characteristics, such as their yellowish hue and distinctive markings, representing both economic value and cultural significance.

Significance of Cowrie-shells in Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy):

Rasashastra Books

From: Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 2: Minerals (uparasa)

(1) A type of shell that is yellowish in color, characterized by a knot and circle on the back, known as charachara.^[2]

From: Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 3: Metals, Gems and other substances

(1) Marine shells used as one of the materials in the incineration process for leaves of vanga.^[3]

Rasashastra is an important branch of Ayurveda, specialising in chemical interactions with herbs, metals and minerals. Some texts combine yogic and tantric practices with various alchemical operations. The ultimate goal of Rasashastra is not only to preserve and prolong life, but also to bestow wealth upon humankind.

Significance of Cowrie-shells in Arthashastra (politics and welfare):

Arthashastra Books

From: Hitopadesha (English translation)

(1) Small shell currencies traditionally used in trade, particularly in Asia and Africa.^[4]

Arthashastra literature concerns itself with the teachings (shastra) of economic prosperity (artha) statecraft, politics and military tactics. The term arthashastra refers to both the name of these scientific teachings, as well as the name of a Sanskrit work included in such literature. This book was written (3rd century BCE) by by Kautilya, who flourished in the 4th century BCE.

The concept of Cowrie shell in local and regional sources

History Books

Cowrie-shells were historically utilized as currency in trade transactions, serving as a medium of exchange in various markets, highlighting their significance in economic activities and cultural practices across different regions.

Significance of Cowrie-shells in South Asia:

South Asia Books

From: The travels of Fa-Hian (400 A.D.)

(1) The currency used in trade transactions within the mentioned markets.^[5]

Plural form: Cowrie-shells.

Last Updated: 04 October, 2024