Significance of Calmness
Calmness is a multifaceted concept explored across various philosophical and spiritual traditions. In Jainism, it signifies composure during hardships, while Purana highlights it as essential for contentment. Natyashastra associates calmness with self-control amid conflict, and Yoga considers it a state of tranquility, albeit sometimes confused with apathy. Vedanta emphasizes calmness as Shama, vital for knowledge and liberation. Finally, Dharmashastra and Theravada underscore the importance of a peaceful mind for clarity, stability, and mental tranquility.
Synonyms: Serenity, Tranquility, Peace, Composure, Quietness, Equanimity, Poise, Quietude
In German: Ruhe; In Dutch: Rust; In Finnish: Rauhallisuus; In Spanish: Calma; In Malay: Ketenangan; In Swedish: Stillhet; In French: Calme
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Buddhist concept of 'Calmness'
In Buddhism, Calmness embodies a tranquil mental state achieved through mindfulness, fostering peace and serenity while promoting the control of senses and non-reactive judgments to maintain an undisturbed emotional balance.
From: Visuddhimagga (the pah of purification)
(1) The mental state of tranquility and peace resulting from the practice of mindfulness.[1]
From: Dhammapada (Illustrated)
(1) The state of being peaceful and undisturbed, as achieved by guarding the senses and avoiding reactive judgments.[2]
Hindu concept of 'Calmness'
In Hinduism, Calmness embodies a peaceful, tranquil state of mind essential for clarity, knowledge, and inner peace. It is a vital attribute for liberation, requiring self-control and mastery over senses while eschewing apathy.
From: Vivekachudamani
(1) It is the first of the six attributes.[3] (2) The state of being calm or peaceful, referred to as Shama.[4] (3) A state of tranquility and peace of mind, which is valued as a crucial attribute on the path to Liberation.[5] (4) A state of mental peace and tranquility that follows the development of extreme aversion to perishable things.[6]
From: Brahma Sutras (Shankaracharya)
(1) The text highlights calmness as an essential quality for those seeking understanding, alongside subjection of the senses, which are considered necessary to achieve this goal.[7]
From: Brahma Sutras (Ramanuja)
(1) The state of calmness is a quality that is considered necessary for achieving knowledge, as stated within the provided text, and it must be practiced by householders in order to promote the origination of knowledge, along with other related states.[8]
From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
(1) A state of mental peace that individuals are encouraged to focus on along with the knowledge of Self.[9] (2) A peaceful state of mind that is essential for achieving clarity and stability in one's thoughts and actions.[10]
From: Yoga Vasistha [English], Volume 1-4
(1) Calmness is the state of braving misfortune with tranquility and experiencing good fortune, joyous days, and better circumstances with moderation.[11] (2) A peaceful state of mind that is necessary for contentment.[12]
From: Yoga-sutras (Vedanta Commentaries)
(1) A state of tranquility; however, it may be a misperceived state due to apathy rather than genuine mental clarity.[13]
Jain concept of 'Calmness'
In Jainism, Calmness embodies a serene state of composure and tranquility, pursued even amidst trials and physical challenges, reflecting a deep commitment to inner peace and stillness.
From: Acaranga-sutra
(1) A state of peace and stillness that one strives for, particularly in the face of physical weakness.[14] (2) The state of composure and tranquility that the Venerable One aimed to maintain through his trials.[15]