Significance of Brahmana
Synonyms: Priest, Scholar, Brahmin, Religious leader, Teacher, Theologian, Sage, Cleric, Religious treatises, Ancient scriptures
In French: Brahma; In Polish: Brahman; In German: Brahmana; In Finnish: Brahmana; In Spanish: Brahmana; In Swedish: Brahmana; In Malay: Brahmana; In Portugese: Brahmana; In Italian: Brahmana; In Dutch: Brahmaan
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Buddhist concept of 'Brahmana'
In Buddhism, "Brahmana" evolves from a hereditary priestly class to denote one achieving spiritual enlightenment through actions, wisdom, and detachment, regardless of birth. It signifies a person of high moral standards and spiritual attainment.
From: Vinaya (2): The Mahavagga
(1) The text mentions a "Brahmana" who, after waiting two months for his turn to offer a meal, prepared rice-milk and honey-lumps for the Blessed One and the Bhikkhus, an offering that was eventually accepted.[1] (2) Two young individuals, Sariputta and Moggallana, who were followers of Sanjaya and had made a pact to share the path to the immortal.[2] (3) This is a person who initially thought the Sakyaputtiya Samanas had a commodious life, then asked the Bhikkhus for the pabbajja ordination.[3] (4) A priestly class, here represented by the domestic chaplain to king Brahmadatta of Kasi.[4] (5) A class of religious teachers or priests in Hindu society, to whom the Blessed One showed the conquered Naga.[5]
From: Dhammapada (Illustrated)
(1) This term is used to describe a person who is considered true, possessing certain qualities, such as knowing the rise and fall of beings, or whose destination is unknown to various beings.[6] (2) A term used for a priest or one who embodies higher knowledge and moral standards, reflecting the purity of the spiritual path.[7] (3) A term used for a saint or enlightened being, illustrating an individual who has transcended worldly attachments and embodies moral and spiritual excellence.[8] (4) A person described as a true Brahmin; refers to an individual who is unfettered and free from worldly attachments.[9]
From: Vinaya Pitaka (1): Bhikkhu-vibhanga (the analysis of Monks’ rules)
(1) A term originally referring to a class of priests or wise individuals in Hinduism that evolved within the Sakyan context to represent someone of the highest spiritual attainment.[10] (2) A term with a long and complicated history, referring to members of a sect and as men or monks who have attained or failed to attain ethical attributes and mental development.[11]
From: Maha Buddhavamsa—The Great Chronicle of Buddhas
(1) One who has done away with evil, originally referring to a practitioner of meditation.[12]
From: Guide to Tipitaka
(1) A social status achieved through one's actions rather than by birth, as illustrated by the teachings in the Vasala Sutta.[13]
From: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra
(1) This term refers to a sage dwelling at home, as described in the provided text.[14] (2) Members of the priestly class who are not respected by drunkards, indicating a loss of social and religious deference.[15] (3) This term refers to the debate master, who the bhikshu Hastaka was to engage in a contest of intellect.[16] (4) A member of the priestly class in ancient India, often associated with spiritual learning and rituals.[17] (5) Refers to a priestly or scholarly class in Indian society, included in those whom Ananda did not preach to.[18]
From: Tattvasangraha [with commentary]
(1) The Brahmanas, after reading the Veda, became dull-witted and were unable to make their own distinctions, which influenced the actions of Manu and other teachers.[19] (2) A group of Hindu scholars or priests who study and interpret the Vedas, contributing to the philosophical discourse surrounding cognition.[20] (3) A member of the priestly class in Hindu society, associated with knowledge of the Vedas and rituals.[21] (4) A class of individuals traditionally regarded as priests or scholars within the Vedic tradition, often involved in the interpretation of Vedic texts.[22] (5) A caste or class within the Hindu society tasked with the interpretation and transmission of sacred knowledge, specifically the Veda.[23]
Hindu concept of 'Brahmana'
In Hinduism, "Brahmana" primarily denotes the priestly class, revered for their knowledge of Vedas, ritual expertise, and spiritual teachings. They receive offerings and play a vital role in religious ceremonies, holding a high position in society.
From: Mahabharata (English)
(1) Wherever food and drink worthy of this individual are abundant, like grass and reeds in a spot during the rainy season, there should the Yogin seek for his livelihood without afflicting the householder of scanty means.[24] (2) Brahmanas are the highest of the four orders, who, along with the others, questioned Yayati's decision to bestow the kingdom on Puru instead of his eldest son.[25] (3) Brahmanas are individuals possessed of the lore of horses, and are involved in selecting a worthy horse for the sacrifice.[26] (4) A group to whom a king is devoted, indicating a place where generosity and support might be readily available.[27] (5) A person who consistently performs ablutions, wears a sacred thread, studies the Vedas, avoids unclean food, speaks the truth, and honors their preceptor, will never stray from the realm of Brahma.[28]
From: Devi Bhagavata Purana
(1) Brahmanas, the priests, are recipients of gifts such as jewels, pearls, clothing, and gold, signifying acts of charity and generosity.[29] (2) The Brahmana is the person who was coming from the hermitage of Bharadvaja Muni, and who told the princess about Sudarshana.[30] (3) These are the priests who read the Devi Bhagavata Purana during the Navaratra Vrata and are fed, along with Kumaris, as part of the ritual.[31] (4) The Brahmana is a person who is involved in the practices mentioned, and certain actions, such as throwing Kusha grass on a vessel, are considered to defile their vows.[32] (5) The Brahmanas are individuals versed in the Vedas, who performed the installation ceremony of the Durga Devi and chanted Veda mantrams.[33]
From: Harivamsha Purana
(1) The Brahmanas speedily engaged in carrying on meditations for the behoof of the world during the battle.[34] (2) Soma, of cool rays, is the presiding deity of the Brahmanas and is encircled by the stars.[35] (3) This term designates a member of the priestly class, who approached the narrator with a request for protection due to his wife's impending childbirth.[36] (4) These are individuals who offer oblations to the ancestral manes, such as the Sukatas of Vasishtha, and from whom Suka, the great ascetic, was born.[37] (5) These are the individuals who performed benedictory ceremonies on Vana’s behalf, reciting names and mantras.[38]
From: Garuda Purana
(1) The text describes these as originating from Brahma's mouth.[39] (2) This refers to a group of people who are to be sumptuously feasted at the close of the Vrata, as part of the ritual.[40] (3) The text indicates that harming a Brahmana deserves death at the hands of those who are not initiated, emphasizing the sanctity of certain individuals.[41] (4) The text mentions the importance of Omkar for the Brahmanas, and kings should leave money at their disposal after providing for their own wants.[42] (5) The Brahmanas should be sumptuously feasted, and gifts of fruits should be made to them on the occasion of certain Vratas, as mentioned.[43]
From: Anugita (English translation)
(1) It refers to a character in an ancient story who is imparting knowledge about the institution of the five sacrificial priests and their individual roles.[44] (2) A class of individuals devoted to performing duties in accordance with Vedic texts and spiritual practices.[45] (3) The creators of the world, a caste of scholars and priests who are considered spiritually significant.[46] (4) A class of individuals in society tasked with spiritual guidance and maintaining sacred knowledge and rituals.[47] (5) Refers to a member of the priestly class in Hindu society, indicating someone who is knowledgeable and carries out specific religious duties.[48]
From: Brihaddharma Purana (abridged)
(1) The learned Brahmanas were summoned by King Prithu to explain his unhappiness and advised him on how to address the issue of promiscuous marriages.[49] (2) Siva entered a garden adjoining Daksha’s house in the disguise of a Brahmana.[50] (3) The priests performing the sacrifice, who witness the events unfold but return to their rituals with a sad heart.[51] (4) A group of learned men in Hindu society that Vamana speaks to in his quest for land.[52] (5) A caste derived from the mouth of Vishnu, responsible for performing sacrifices, studying, and teaching the Vedas.[53]
From: Bhagavad-gita Mahatmya
(1) The text features a brahmana who converses with a goat, asks questions about its past lives, and later, during the solar eclipse, recites the ninth chapter of the Gita to overcome a calamity.[54] (2) A member of the priestly class who holds knowledge of rituals and scriptures, exemplified by sage Siddhasamadhi in the context.[55] (3) A priestly figure who is requested to recite the seventeenth chapter of the Gita for healing.[56] (4) A religious figure who walks fearlessly past the elephant, representing faith and divine connection.[57] (5) A priestly figure who imparts wisdom and knowledge to the king regarding the horse's fate.[58]
From: Nilamata Purana
(1) A member of the priestly class in Hindu society, often involved in religious rituals and spiritual practices.[59] (2) Priestly class in Hindu society responsible for performing rituals and offering guidance in spiritual matters.[60] (3) The priestly class in Vedic society responsible for conducting rituals and offering sacrifices.[61] (4) Priestly class in Hindu society known for their knowledge of scriptures, rituals, and religious practices.[62]
From: Bhagavad-gita-mahatmya
(1) Brahmana is the caste in which Dhirabuddhi was born and in which Padmavati was born in her previous birth, and the swan took rebirth.[63] (2) A member of the priestly class in Hindu society, who is knowledgeable in Vedic texts and conversant with spiritual matters.[64] (3) A learned priest or scholar in Hindu tradition, portrayed in the text as a peaceful figure who calms the mad elephant through recitation of verses.[65] (4) A learned and merciful individual who understands the essence of Vedic literatures and regularly recites the Bhagavad-gita.[66]
From: Yoga Vasistha [English], Volume 1-4
(1) The group of people to whom Rama showed reverence upon his arrival, and who embraced him repeatedly with his father and mothers, filled with joy.[67] (2) Prose texts that explain the rituals and ceremonies of the Vedic tradition.[68] (3) Members of the priestly class in Indo-Aryan society, associated with religious rituals and knowledge.[69]
From: Sanatsujatiya (English translation)
(1) A term describing a priestly class in Hindu society, with an emphasis on spiritual knowledge rather than mere ritualistic practices in the Sanatsujatiya.[70] (2) A class of individuals typically responsible for religious rituals and teachings, known for their knowledge of the Vedas.[71]
From: Chaitanya Bhagavata
(1) A community or social class, and in this context, Hadai Pandita held the esteemed position of their leader. This is a group with a certain societal status.[72] (2) Brahmana is a member of the priestly or learned class, and their pursuit of education is considered a significant and fortunate endeavor.[73] (3) The individual in this context is characterized as a brahmana, and this person's loud cries were responsible for awakening everyone mentioned.[74] (4) The brahmanas are identified as individuals who were worshiped alongside the demigods by the cowherd men with a vow, as stated in the passage.[75] (5) This individual is named Gangadasa Pandita and holds a high position or is considered very important, being described as the crest jewel of teachers.[76]
From: Garga Samhita (English)
(1) Brahmana refers to a member of the priestly class, who along with the guru and mother, is a recipient of the restored sons, highlighting the importance of guru-matr-dvijanam in the verse.[77] (2) It represents members of the priestly class, revered for their knowledge of scriptures and dedication to spiritual practices.[78] (3) These are members of the priestly class, and the verse states that they were offended, implying disrespect towards religious authority or knowledge.[79] (4) Brahmanas are the individuals who performed a specific action, which involved providing a protective amulet according to Damaghosha's order.[80] (5) The gatekeepers are addressing the "brahmanas", as indicated by the term bho dvijau, within the Sanskrit text.[81]
From: Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary)
(1) The brahmana is the speaker who clarifies that the half-man–half-lion form, or Nrisimha, and the forms of Vamana are not the Deities he worships.[82] (2) Due to the reverence for Kamakhya-devi and his experience of internal happiness, he did not give up chanting his mantra.[83] (3) It is an address used when speaking to someone, asking that person to sit down and listen with utmost faith, as something confidential will be revealed.[84] (4) A resident of Dvaraka who desired the nectar of devotion to Shri Krishna. This person devised a clever scheme to retrieve his sons from the realm of liberation.[85] (5) A social class whose glories are typically considered superior to the kshatriya, but not necessarily in bhakti.[86]
From: Chaitanya Mangala
(1) Jagannatha Mishra gave betelnuts, sandal, and garlands to these people and were worshiped by Jagannatha Mishra, who offered them padya and acamana.[87] (2) This refers to an individual who has interactions with the Lord, and their interactions lead to a significant spiritual transformation, highlighting themes of devotion, curses, and blessings.[88] (3) A social class in the context of the text, described as followers who are deeply connected to Lord Gaura and whose hearts are filled with devotion.[89] (4) Members of the priestly caste in Hindu society known for their spiritual learning and duties.[90] (5) The priestly class in Hindu society known for their spiritual wisdom and knowledge; in this context, Shrivasa is referred to as the jewel among them.[91]
From: Sri Krishna-Chaitanya
(1) Traditionally regarded as the priestly class in Hindu society, who have the responsibility of performing rituals and leading spiritual practices.[92] (2) A class or status in Hindu society traditionally associated with learning and spirituality, which goes beyond mere birthright to include natural disposition.[93] (3) A group of priests considered knowledgeable in Vedic scriptures; they perform essential religious rituals.[94] (4) The priestly caste in Hindu society responsible for studying and teaching the Vedas and upholding spiritual practices.[95] (5) A division of ancient Indian scriptures associated with rituals, which also uses the designation Gauda to describe a particular style of Sanskrit rhetoric.[96]
From: Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu
(1) A member of the priestly caste in Hindu society, often associated with wisdom and spiritual knowledge.[97] (2) Members of the priestly caste in Hindu society, known for their scholarly and spiritual pursuits.[98] (3) A person of the priestly class in Hindu society, respected for their spiritual role and guidance.[99] (4) A member of the priestly class in Hindu society, often associated with spiritual knowledge and rituals.[100] (5) A member of the highest Hindu caste traditionally responsible for religious rituals and teachings.[101]
From: Srila Gurudeva (The Supreme Treasure)
(1) Shrila Swami Maharaja’s son said that only this type of person can take sannyasa.[102] (2) Intellectual and spiritual leaders in society who are well-versed in the Vedas and perform sacrifices.[103] (3) A member of the priestly caste in Hindu society, which Pandita Baleshvaranatha identified with, causing conflict over prasada.[104] (4) A form of the Supreme Lord representing knowledge and wisdom.[105] (5) A caste in Hindu society traditionally associated with priestly duties and intellectual pursuits.[106]
From: Haribhakti-sudhodaya
(1) The priestly class in society, respected for their spiritual knowledge and practices.[107] (2) Members of the priestly class in Hindu society, often tasked with performing rituals and upholding spiritual traditions.[108] (3) Scholars and practitioners of Vedic teachings who seek wisdom.[109]
From: Bhajana-Rahasya
(1) A member of the priestly caste in Hindu society, traditionally considered to be learned in scriptures and spiritual practices.[110] (2) the highest of the four varnas in the varnashrama system; a priest or teacher.[111]
From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
(1) A member of the highest social class, who, even if merely making a living by caste and devoid of learning, can be a propounder of the Law for the king.[112] (2) It references a caste for whom some people questioned whether they could resort to the occupations of the Shudra, though it was argued that occupations of the Shudra are not permitted.[113] (3) It is one of the castes; a maiden from this caste, when combined with a Shudra, leads to the birth of a mixed caste, according to the information.[114] (4) An individual who engages in relations with the two mentioned, provided that they are protected, is subject to a penalty of one thousand.[115] (5) The Brahmana is used as an example in the text to illustrate how the singular number can be used even when both husband and wife are involved in performing a rite.[116]
From: Apastamba Dharma-sutra
(1) These texts originally contained all precepts, but some have been lost. Rites and rules declared within them are sometimes called 'great sacrifices' or 'great sacrificial sessions.'[117] (2) One of ten years and a Kshatriya of a hundred years stand to each other in the relation of father and son, but between those two, this is the father.[118] (3) These are the people who have been fed, and to whom the vessels should be presented.[119] (4) The wise individual who recognizes all creatures as being within the Atman and is not bewildered by pondering this truth, recognizing the Atman in everything.[120] (5) Terms such as Brahmana are applied to the principal works, and those who are learned in Mimamsa agree that these terms do not include the Aṅgas.[121]
From: Baudhayana Dharmasutra
(1) It is stated that fire resides in right hand of a member of the highest social class, and receiving a vessel from a member of this class requires ten repetitions of the Gayatri.[122] (2) The text mentions that a Brahmana shall bathe dressed in his clothes after touching certain objects or people, indicating a concern for maintaining purity within this social class.[123] (3) A member of the highest social class, who is exempt from corporal punishment for adultery and may take up arms under specific circumstances.[124] (4) A Brahmana is described as someone who consistently carries water, wears the sacred thread, recites the Veda daily, avoids the food of Shudras, approaches his wife in the proper season, and offers sacrifices according to Vedic rules.[125] (5) A member of the highest social class who can have their wishes fulfilled through holy works and honest actions, becoming internally pure.[126]
From: Hiranyakesi-grihya-sutra
(1) Brahmanas are served food, and their blessings are sought by having them say, 'An auspicious day! Hail! Good luck!', indicating their role in bestowing blessings and good fortune, according to the text.[127] (2) They are offered the other parts of the cow (besides the omentum) and should be fed with those parts.[128] (3) This refers to a member of the highest caste in Hinduism, the priestly class, who performs the rituals and makes entreaties.[129] (4) These are individuals to whom a specific type of food is served after a period of observance. The text mentions this act as part of the rituals performed.[130] (5) A class of priests and scholars in Hindu society, considered sacred and knowledgeable.[131]
From: Bharadvaja-srauta-sutra
(1) Scholarly priests or religious individuals to whom offerings such as rice should be presented.[132] (2) A member of the priestly class to whom the cow may be given on the pressing day.[133] (3) The guardians of the sacrifice, who ensure the correctness of the proceedings.[134] (4) A member of the priestly class in Vedic society, here referenced in connection to the redistribution of offerings.[135] (5) A member of the priestly class in Vedic society, significant for performing rituals and sacrifices.[136]
From: Paraskara-grihya-sutra
(1) On the eleventh day, a meal at which meat is served should be given to an uneven number of these individuals in honor of the deceased person.[137] (2) The individual conducting the rituals, entreating the deities for protection and expiation.[138] (3) The priestly class in Hindu society; during sacrificial rites, they are recipients of food offerings as part of customary practices.[139] (4) A member of the highest Hindu caste traditionally responsible for religious rituals and teachings.[140] (5) An Hindu priestly class to whom food is distributed after rituals, involved in various ceremonial practices.[141]
From: Sankhayana-grihya-sutra
(1) A priestly class of people in Hindu tradition to whom offerings may be given post-ceremony.[142] (2) A text or individual that provides wisdom or teachings related to the rituals and practices being followed.[143] (3) A class of priests or scholars in ancient Indian society, to whom a student must give something as a form of penance or respect.[144] (4) A class of priests and scholars in Hindu society responsible for performing rituals and sacrifices.[145] (5) Members of the priestly class in Hindu society, to whom certain offerings are made during rituals.[146]
From: Asvalayana-grihya-sutra
(1) Brahmanas are given food to eat, and they are requested to say 'Lucky is the ground!' indicating a blessing or auspiciousness.[147] (2) This is one of the social classes. Initiation should occur in the eighth year. If garments are worn, they should be reddish yellow. The girdle is made of Munja grass and the staff of Palasha wood.[148] (3) The priests or learned individuals invoked during the ritual to perform the shaving of the boy’s hair.[149] (4) A priestly class in Hindu society responsible for conducting rituals and chanting sacred texts.[150] (5) A group of priests or scholars in the Hindu tradition to whom the person should offer cows and food.[151]
From: Apastamba Grihya-sutra
(1) In this context, Brahmanas are individuals to whom food is served, and who pronounce auspicious wishes for the child during certain ceremonies after the child's birth.[152] (2) A member of the priestly class who is involved in various ritualistic activities, such as sitting on Darbha grass.[153] (3) A priestly class in Hindu society to whom offerings (such as the divided cake) are made.[154] (4) The priestly class to whom cakes, flour, and boiled rice are served during the final stages of the rituals.[155] (5) A type of ancient Indian text that provides guidance on rituals and name meanings.[156]
From: Gautama Dharmasutra
(1) It is described as an individual whose initiation shall ordinarily take place in their eighth year.[157] (2) A Brahmana is a person whose gold, if stolen, results in the thief becoming an outcast, and accusing one of a crime is a sin, with additional consequences if the Brahmana is innocent.[158] (3) Members of the priestly and scholarly class in Hindu society; they are regarded as virtuous and knowledgeable.[159] (4) A member of the priestly caste in Hindu society, traditionally responsible for religious rituals and the maintaining of sacred knowledge.[160] (5) A member of the highest caste in Hindu society, known for their scholarship and spiritual duties.[161]
From: Vasistha Dharmasutra
(1) A Brahmana is an individual who should not accept certain gifts, like weapons, poison, and spirituous liquor, as described in the text.[162] (2) This is an individual who adheres to specific practices, such as carrying water, wearing the sacred thread, reciting the Veda, avoiding certain foods, and approaching their wife in the proper season.[163] (3) A genre of texts that provide explanations and details regarding the rituals of the Vedas, serving as a bridge between the hymns and practical rituals.[164] (4) A member of the highest caste in Hindu society, traditionally priests and teachers with specific duties and regulations.[165] (5) A member of the priestly caste in Hindu society, often associated with the study and teaching of sacred texts and spiritual practices.[166]
From: Gobhila-grihya-sutra
(1) A member of the priestly class in Hindu society who may perform offerings on behalf of others.[167] (2) A person of the priestly class in Vedic society, to whom the remains of the Madhuparka should be given.[168] (3) Priestly class who may partake in or receive offerings during rituals, especially those related to food remnants.[169] (4) Priestly class who are called to pronounce auspicious wishes during the rituals.[170] (5) Individuals engaged in priestly duties, who participate in sacrificial rituals and lend their verses and prayers during ceremonies.[171]
From: Khadira-grihya-sutra
(1) A member of the priestly class to whom a due portion of offerings should be given as part of the sacrificial rituals.[172]
From: Brahma Sutras (Ramanuja)
(1) The text mentions a "Brahmana" rising above desires and wandering as a mendicant, which indicates duties belonging to the wandering beggar's condition.[173] (2) A "Brahmana" is presented as an example of someone who avoids drinking spirituous liquor to prevent being stained by sin, as mentioned in the Samhita of the Kathas.[174] (3) A subsequent text that proves the 'being of such a kind' of the word and shows that the text about altars made of mind enjoins meditation.[175] (4) A person who is to master knowledge, which is to be attained by hearing and pondering.[176] (5) A member of the priestly class in Hindu society, often associated with performing rituals and maintaining sacred knowledge.[177]
From: Brahma Sutras (Shankaracharya)
(1) The kindhearted individual, as described in the text, can perfect himself through mere prayer, highlighting the accessibility of knowledge through devotion.[178] (2) The Brahmana is a factor that must be known for each mantra to perform the sacrificial action correctly, and one who does not know the rishi, the metre, the divinity, and the Brahmana of the mantra runs against a post.[179] (3) This is a term that represents a relationship of unity, where different words describe the same individual, and it is used in the context of the relation of unity.[180] (4) The Brahmana is a person mentioned in the text who must permanently forego intoxicating liquor and have boiling spirits poured down their throat if they drink them.[181] (5) A member of the priestly class in Hindu society, associated with learning and spiritual knowledge, whose state is considered established prior to invoking it.[182]
From: Chandogya Upanishad (Shankara Bhashya)
(1) The Brahmana is the essence of which the Gayatri is the very essence, and Brahman regards the Gayatri as its mother, never having recourse to anything more important.[183] (2) The Brahmanas are described as visible deities, and the text emphasizes that decrying them is equivalent to decrying the Deities, as indicated in the provided text's analysis.[184] (3) This is a term used to refer to people who are conversing, and the text mentions that the speaker will listen to the conversation of the two Brahmanas.[185] (4) Members of the priestly class in ancient Indian society, traditionally associated with spiritual knowledge and ritualistic practices.[186] (5) A member of the priestly caste, recognized for their adherence to truthfulness and spiritual duties.[187]
From: Brahma Sutras (Shankara Bhashya)
(1) A portion of Vedic texts that provides commentary and explanations about rituals, including the nature of Vidya and its relation to sacrifice.[188] (2) Brahmanas are prose texts that explain the rituals and sacrifices mentioned in the Vedic literature, which are distinct from the philosophies found in the Upanishads.[189] (3) A term referring to the priestly class in Vedic tradition, mentioned as recipients of glory in the text.[190] (4) The priestly class that elaborated on Vedic rituals, leading to revolts by rationalist thinkers against sacrificial practices.[191]
From: Thirty minor Upanishads
(1) These individuals originated from Brahma's mouth, representing a specific group within the societal structure described in the provided narrative.[192] (2) A member of the priestly class, here identified as one who has completed the requisite sacrifices.[193] (3) A member of the priestly class in Hindu society, often associated with learning and spiritual wisdom.[194] (4) A member of the priestly class in Hindu society, typically responsible for spiritual and religious duties.[195]
From: Taittiriya Upanishad Bhashya Vartika
(1) Brahmanas are members of the priestly class, revered for their knowledge of Scripture and considered superior, thus deserving of respectful treatment.[196] (2) A priest who is knowledgeable in the Vedas and who plays a key role in the recitation of sacred texts.[197] (3) A class of individuals in Hindu society traditionally known for their knowledge of the scriptures and rituals, and often responsible for teaching and preserving religious practices.[198]
From: Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
(1) Individuals knowledgeable about the Self and Brahman, who renounce worldly desires and live a mendicant life.[199] (2) Brahmanas are the noblest among the twice-born, created through Gayatri and are said to attain the highest end of their life by knowing its significance.[200]
From: Mandukya Upanishad (Gaudapa Karika and Shankara Bhashya)
(1) This is a person who departs this World, knowing this Akshara.[201] (2) This represents a specific state, one of complete omniscience and non-duality, without beginning, end, or middle, and is equated with the realization of Self.[202]
From: Mandukya Upanishad
(1) This group's discipline is referred to as the inherent tranquility and regulation, a result of the inherent nature being governed and brought under control.[203]
From: Ishavasya Upanishad with Shankara’s Commentary
(1) A class of texts in Hindu scripture that are primarily prose and commentary on the rituals and concepts of the Vedas.[204]
From: Isopanisad (Madhva commentary)
(1) Textual portions of the Veda that provide explanations and commentary on the rituals, differing from the Mantra portions.[205]
From: Taittiriya Upanishad
(1) A person who utters 'Om' when about to recite sacred texts, starts the recitation with 'Om', and utters 'Om' wishing to attain Brahman, the Paramatman.[206]
From: Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
(1) Brahmana is identified with kshattriya when associated with a negative particle, and within the context of compound words, it can represent kshattriya due to this association.[207] (2) This is the standard of comparison. By implication, the action of studying is understood as connected with this standard of comparison.[208] (3) A reference point for comparison, where the negative compound 'abrahmana' indicates something similar but lacking brahmanya.[209] (4) This term's primary meaning is being highlighted, and it's used to clarify what the negative particle negates or sets aside.[210] (5) In the provided example, this word is understood to stand for the act of studying due to the relation with the Kshattriya's action.[211]
From: History of Indian Medicine (and Ayurveda)
(1) Textual works that elaborate on the rituals and philosophies behind Vedic practices, informing the understanding of sacrifices and their significance.[212] (2) Members of the highest caste in ancient Indian society, who study medicine to benefit all creatures.[213] (3) A member of the priestly class in Hindu society, significant in the context of Vedic rituals.[214] (4) A learned and respected person in the spiritual hierarchy who is honored during the purification rituals.[215] (5) A member of the priestly caste within Hindu society, often associated with knowledge and education.[216]
From: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences
(1) Narikela Taila is described as Brahmana, contributing to overall nourishment and well-being according to its properties.[217] (2) Brahmana is a term used to describe the duration of Rutukala, and the text mentions that it lasts for twelve days for Brahmana.[218] (3) Brahmanas are knowledgeable persons, and respecting them is part of the code of conduct in Achara Rasayana, which contributes to the overall well-being of individuals.[219] (4) This refers to a specific social class, and the text mentions giving Dana of Masa, Tila, iron, and gold to Brahmana after experiencing bad dreams.[220] (5) This is an action, or Karma, of Mahishi Navaneeta, contributing to its overall properties.[221]
From: Sushruta Samhita, volume 4: Cikitsasthana
(1) These are individuals whose holy energy and dignity are invoked when culling the all-healing Oshadhi plants, according to the text.[222] (2) Members of the priestly caste in Hindu society, often associated with knowledge, teaching, and rituals.[223]
From: Sushruta Samhita, volume 1: Sutrasthana
(1) A priest who is knowledgeable in Vedic literature and may provide spiritual support to physicians.[224]
From: Charaka Samhita (English translation)
(1) Individuals who should be present, given offerings, and whose advice should be followed during the ninth month of pregnancy.[225]
From: Satapatha-brahmana
(1) It is mentioned in relation to food, specifically Soma-juice. The text suggests that it is not appropriate for one to vomit this food.[226] (2) This refers to a person to whom the cow is given when it milks blood, transferring the sacrificer's suffering and evil.[227] (3) The text describes this as being born into the priestly office endowed with spiritual lustre, or brahmavarcasa.[228] (4) A priest knows and recites the kindling verses, and is unassailable and unapproachable.[229] (5) This is a text that discusses the different forms of Soma-sacrifice, including the Vajapeya and Rajasuya, and it also describes the Agnishtoma ceremony.[230]
From: Brihat Samhita
(1) The text mentions Brahmanas in the context of pimples breaking out, indicating that the color of the pimples should be white for them, in order to produce certain effects.[231] (2) If Angiras is negatively affected, Brahmanas will be afflicted, indicating the impact of celestial conditions on the well-being of this group.[232] (3) If the appearance should be white, the Brahmanas will suffer, as stated in the text, which suggests a period of difficulty or misfortune for this group.[233] (4) The priestly class that will suffer if the rainbow appears white at night.[234] (5) Refers to a group in society, notably indicated in the text as those for whom the characteristics of some oxen render them unfit.[235]
From: Vastu-shastra (Introduction to Indian architecture)
(1) A social class, often learned individuals, who also resided in villages, with specific classifications of villages dedicated to them.[236] (2) Brahmanas are texts that provide elaborate descriptions of various religious structures and the principles behind their constructions, closely linked to sacrificial rituals.[237]
From: Samarangana-sutradhara (Summary)
(1) Priestly class responsible for reciting chants and performing rituals during the foundation ceremony.[238]
From: Abhinaya-darpana (English)
(1) The highest caste, represented by the hand gesture Shikhara while imitating holding the sacred thread.[239]
From: Natyashastra (English)
(1) Priestly class in Hindu society, referenced as authorities in the context of musical traditions and song classification.[240]
From: Parama Samhita (English translation)
(1) A group of ancient Indian texts that detail rituals and duties and may have been contemporaneous with the establishment of Pancaratra teachings.[241]
From: Kamashastra Discourse (Life in Ancient India)
(1) The priestly caste in the Hindu social hierarchy that the Dharmasutras specifically address in terms of conduct and responsibilities.[242]
From: Shukra Niti by Shukracharya
(1) Members of the priestly caste who are tasked with upholding knowledge of sacred texts and Dharma, often appointed by the king in legal matters.[243]
From: Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 3: Metals, Gems and other substances
(1) This caste is generally white and is associated with poisons that are white or tawny in color, sweet or saltish in taste, and exhibit hair-like shoots; it is also a curer and preventer of diseases and senile decay, according to the provided information.[244]
From: Bharadvaja-srauta-sutra
(1) The Brahmana is associated with the glow being compensated, as mentioned in the formulas.[245]
From: Yoga-sutras (with Vyasa and Vachaspati Mishra)
(1) The Brahmana, in this context, is an individual who has no interest left in the Highest Intellection, leading to the attainment of the trance known as the Cloud of Virtue.[246]
Jain concept of 'Brahmana'
In Jainism, Brahmana can refer to a priestly class member, a virtuous person free from sin, or religious individuals worthy of hospitality. They are also portrayed as members of a religious caste whose actions are scrutinized.
From: Acaranga-sutra
(1) Brahmanas are members of the priestly class, and monks and nuns should avoid gatherings where many of them have arrived or will arrive, as it may lead to a crowded assembly.[247] (2) Religious individuals who, along with Shramanas, guests, paupers, and beggars, might be the intended recipients of lodging provided by a householder.[248] (3) A member of the priestly class, potentially involved in the rules for accepting clothes.[249]
From: Sutrakritanga (English translation)
(1) Members of a religious caste in ancient India; their actions and philosophies are scrutinized in the context of the text.[250] (2) A person who has ceased from all sinful actions and embodies virtues such as non-anger, humility, and diligence.[251]
From: Uttaradhyayana Sutra
(1) Members of the priestly class who denied food to the monk due to his appearance and status.[252]
The concept of Brahmana in local and regional sources
Brahmana refers to a priestly class in Hindu/Vedic society, vital for religious rituals, Vedic knowledge, and sometimes recipients of land grants. They are associated with sacred texts and philosophical doctrines.
From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda
(1) A part of the Karma Kanda of the Vedas, specifically dealing with sacrifices and their associated rituals.[253] (2) This is a specific group of people, which contrasts with another group of people, indicating the importance of equality.[254] (3) The text mentions the Sanskrit of these people.[255] (4) The Brahmanas are books requested by the author, implying it is among the texts Kali should acquire and bring, representing a desired piece of literature, specifically in plural form.[256] (5) The second group of the Vedas, which deals with different kinds of sacrifice, and the word means what is achieved by means of the sacrifice.[257]
From: Triveni Journal
(1) Priestly class whom Rama promised to protect from the Rakshasas, underscoring his obligation to uphold his word.[258] (2) This is one of the classifications, used to describe the speaker, suggesting a social or societal affiliation, forming part of the whole identity.[259] (3) The section of Vedic literature focused on the theology and practical applications of the hymns in worship and rituals.[260] (4) Sacred sentences which enjoin something and are essential in understanding rituals.[261] (5) Refers to the social class to which Sraddhananda belongs, emphasizing the cultural implications of honor, pride, and revenge in the context of their dispute.[262]
From: History of Science in South Asia
(1) These are texts that are part of the Vedic literature, focusing on ritual and offering insights into ancient Indian practices and beliefs.[263]
From: Village Folk-tales of Ceylon (Sri Lanka), vol. 1-3
(1) This is the person the Jackal encountered while seeking a hiding place, and whom he convinced to carry him around in exchange for a means of subsistence.[264] (2) A person from a specific caste, one of whom has a daughter named Candrapati, and the other Princes are also from this caste.[265] (3) The Brahmana is the Princess in disguise, teaching at the school, and concealing her identity for a period of time.[266] (4) A character from the Panchatantra who, after feasting, planned to acquire wealth through strategic exchanges.[267] (5) A learned scholar and priest who provides prophecies and guidance within the story.[268]
From: Buddhist records of the Western world (Xuanzang)
(1) These are a group particularly noted on account of their purity and nobility, and tradition has hallowed their name, with India spoken of as their country.[269]
The concept of Brahmana in scientific sources
Brahmana in Ayurveda is a treatment focused on nourishing and strengthening the body. It's used to rebuild and manage conditions like Klaibya and Avabahuka, especially for underweight or malnourished individuals.
From: Religious Inquiries (Journal)
(1) According to the provided text, in Brahmana, the difference between the two is clear, and asuras are the undisputed enemies of devas and synonymous with evil.[270]