Significance of Bharata
Synonyms: India, Bharat, Hindustan, Indian subcontinent, Republic of india
In Dutch: Bharata; In German: Bharata; In Finnish: Bharata; In Spanish: Bharata; In Swedish: Bharata; In Malay: Bharata; In French: Bharata; In Portugese: Bharata; In Italian: Bharata; In Polish: Bharata
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Hindu concept of 'Bharata'
In Hinduism, Bharata encompasses multiple meanings: ancient rhetorician, author of the Natyashastra, a dynasty or lineage, a character in epics, a son of Kaikeyi, a recipient of sages' questions, and a significant figure in dramatic arts and theory. It also refers to a country, the Mahabharata, and India as a spiritual land.
From: Mahabharata (English)
(1) Bharata is referenced when describing the troops who, despite being struck by arrows, did not flee from Partha, showing their resilience and determination in the face of a formidable opponent.[1] (2) A term signifying a person belonging to a noble lineage, embodying strength, virtue, and adherence to righteous principles, and holding a significant place.[2] (3) The text mentions that Pandu is the foremost of the Bharatas, suggesting that the Bharatas are a notable lineage or group of people to which Pandu belongs.[3] (4) An individual or lineage to which the story is addressed, referring to the lineage of kings and warriors within the narrative.[4] (5) Bharata is the name used when Bhishma speaks about the origin of Fever, highlighting the importance of the story within their lineage.[5]
From: Ramayana of Valmiki (Shastri)
(1) Bharata is one of Rama's brothers, who expresses his willingness to slay Lavana and has already proven his fortitude by ruling the kingdom in Rama's absence.[6] (2) Bharata is tasked with furnishing gold and silver, arranging merchants, jugglers, dancers, cooks, and women, and setting up pavilions worthy of the mighty kings and their suites.[7] (3) Bharata is mentioned in the context of not repeating Durvasa's words to him, as Rama will renounce Bharata under the sway of destiny.[8] (4) This is one of the individuals, along with Lakshmana, who listened to Rama's story about the origin of the Kimpurushis and expressed wonder.[9] (5) "Bharata" is the name of an individual who accompanied Shatrughna, which indicates his presence and support during Shatrughna's journey, highlighting the bond between them.[10]
From: Devi Bhagavata Purana
(1) Bharata is the holy land where Muni Kapila practiced Tapasya, and where the river Pushpabhadra is located, a place of religious significance.[11] (2) This is a term referring to a specific geographical location, representing the place where the Bhagirathi Ganga came down.[12] (3) Bharata is a Varsha, or continent, which is called the Karma Kshettra, or the field of actions, where people live for ten thousand years.[13] (4) The land where giving elephants to the Brahmanas, performing the Swinging Festival, and other acts of charity result in specific benefits and destinations.[14] (5) An excellent portion of the earth that Narada and Parvata visit during their travels, recognized for its significance.[15]
From: Harivamsha Purana
(1) This is the lineage to which Vaishampayana belongs, as stated by Vaishampayana when addressing Janamejaya.[16] (2) Bharata is the recipient of Vaishampayana's narration regarding Hiranyakashipu, Pralhada, and the appearance of the man-lion form.[17] (3) Bharata is the person being addressed by Vaishampayana, receiving the narration of the Lord's appointments.[18] (4) The battle will sow the seeds of the great battle, abounding in weapons, that will be named Bharata.[19] (5) One of the characters perfectly personated by the actors in the performance of the great epic Ramayana.[20]
From: Markandeya Purana
(1) Bharata is a region where, unlike eight other countries, rain is experienced, contrasting with the bubbling up of waters from the ground.[21] (2) A country mentioned in the text that is represented in the arrangement of constellations and regions.[22]
From: Vishnu Purana
(1) He is identified as one of the sons of Talajangha. He had two sons, Vrisha and Sujati.[23] (2) Refers to the Mahabharata, a divine poem that is considered prior to the Markandeya Purana, despite conflicting traditions about their origins.[24]
From: Yoga Vasistha [English], Volume 1-4
(1) An important work traditionally attributed to Vyasa, known for its epic narratives, which is now at risk of being forgotten.[25]
From: Bhagavad-gita Mahatmya
(1) The saint who lived in the temple of Vishveshvara, significant for being involved in the liberation of the two girls.[26]
From: Brihaddharma Purana (abridged)
(1) A significant work that Vyasa is encouraged to compose, based on teachings from the Vedas, and aimed at the edification of women, Sudras, and fallen men.[27]
From: Gautami Mahatmya
(1) He was the son of Kaikeyi, comparable to Devas, and was born for the achievement of the object of Devas.[28]
From: Bhagavad-gita-rahasya (or Karma-yoga Shastra)
(1) According to the text, the Bharata has been expanded into the 'Mahabharata' for the sole purpose of explaining to ordinary persons in the simple form of stories how our great ancient personages have behaved in numerous difficult circumstances of life.[29]
From: Garuda Purana
(1) Bharata, born in the womb of Kaikeyi, is one of the four sons of Dasharatha, playing a crucial role in the events following Rama's exile.[30]
From: Natyashastra (English)
(1) A figure associated with Kohala, who is mentioned as one of his hundred sons in the NSh, placing him anterior to the author of the work.[31] (2) "Bharata" conducts as the leader the performance of a play by acting in many roles and playing many instruments and by providing many accessories, highlighting their role as a central figure in theatrical production.[32] (3) Bharata is the sage who explains the Natyaveda and the origin of drama to the other sages, and he details the rules of the Preliminaries, the curse on his sons, and the descent of drama to the earth.[33] (4) It is a Nyaya where the weapon should strike at the waist, representing a specific combat technique.[34] (5) Bharata is the individual to whom the sages direct their questions, seeking answers and explanations about the Sentiments, Psychological States, and other terms.[35]
From: Tiruvaymoli (Thiruvaimozhi): English translation
(1) Bharata is a devotee who was stationed at Nandigram, engaging in devout contemplation of Shri Rama, representing another type of devotee.[36] (2) Bharata is compared to the Alvar in regard to the components of servanthood, as he added lustre to the traditional glory and served Shri Rama's will, according to the text.[37] (3) The specific form of the Lord that was assumed in order to adore the pair of sandals, as mentioned within the provided text.[38]
From: Chaitanya Bhagavata
(1) One of the personalities mentioned, appearing in this world, similar to how the Supreme Lord appears.[39] (2) Bharata is identified as another incarnation that is in the context of the Lord's divine aspects.[40]
From: Garga Samhita (English)
(1) The name of the individual being described; also signifies a great bowman.[41] (2) Refers to the Indian subcontinent, the location where King Sobhana's story takes place.[42]
From: Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary)
(1) A character from the Ramayana known for his loyalty and devotion to his brother, Shri Ramacandra.[43]
From: Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu
(1) A term used to address someone, often associated with India or a person of Indian heritage.[44]
From: Srila Gurudeva (The Supreme Treasure)
(1) Brother of Lord rama, who was charmed by the singing of Lava and Kusha.[45]
From: Naishadha-charita of Shriharsha
(1) It is the art form used in plays enacted in the palace courtyard, based on the moon's amorousness, providing entertainment.[46] (2) The land highlighted as a place of duty and virtue, distinguished from the transient pleasures of heaven.[47]
From: Kathasaritsagara (the Ocean of Story)
(1) The country where the Mahabharata takes place, also referring to the family lineage involved in the epic.[48]
From: Parama Samhita (English translation)
(1) A significant land division in the southern part of the world described in the text, characterized by its various divisions.[49] (2) Another name for the Mahabharata, particularly in the context of its translation into Tamil.[50]
From: Brahma Sutras (Shankaracharya)
(1) A Yogin, who is described as a hero of these people, can multiply his Self in many shapes, showing that the gods can also assume several shapes, allowing them to participate in many sacrifices.[51]
From: Thirty minor Upanishads
(1) A figure in the midst of whom Shri-Rama is seated in Ayodhya, along with Sita, Soumitri (Lakshmana), Shatrughna, and others.[52]
From: Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
(1) This is an example of an ancient king used to illustrate a comparison of beauty or quality.[53]
From: Satapatha-brahmana
(1) The Bharatas now possess the wide sway attained by Bharata Dauhshanti after he performed a sacrifice related to Vishnu's striding.[54]
From: Manasara (English translation)
(1) An authority cited by Utpala for details on triangular and circular plans, supplementing the Brihat-samhita.[55]
Jain concept of 'Bharata'
In Jainism, Bharata encompasses: a geographical region, likely ancient India within Jambudvipa; a significant figure, son of Rishabha Svamin, a Cakravartin, and a site for future Arhats. It is a setting for narratives, cultural events, and spiritual significance, linked to both historical and mythological figures.
From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra
(1) It refers to an individual who received a portion of the earth after it was divided, following a sacrifice.[56] (2) It is the land that Nala once ruled, specifically the southern half. It is said that Nala will regain lordship over this area due to a past gift of milk to a muni, and moving a pillar in the city will signify this return to power.[57] (3) Bharata is Your Honor’s brother, who was previously Priyadarshana, and at the sight of Bharata, the elephant Bhuvanalankara remembered his former births.[58] (4) In this narrative, Bharata is the land where the best of mountains, including Vaitadhya, and the city of Rathanupuracakravala are located.[59] (5) Bharata is located in Jambudvipa, within the described geographical zone, which contains the resplendent city of Ratnapura, a location abundant in diverse jewels.[60]
From: Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)
(1) A specific reference to the southern region, which is mentioned to be equal in characteristics to the northern regions.[61] (2) A specific geographic region referenced as a baseline for comparing the widths of the other mountains and regions.[62]
From: Bhagavati-sutra (Viyaha-pannatti)
(1) A term used to describe the state of human society within the context of the Bhagavati Sutra during a time of significant decline and transformation in human existence.[63]
From: Uttaradhyayana Sutra
(1) Bharata gave up Bharatavarsha and all pleasures, and entered the order, after having learned this pure creed, which is adorned by truth and righteousness.[64]
The concept of Bharata in local and regional sources
Bharata is multifaceted, encompassing a brother of Rama known for devotion, a sage central to dramatic arts, and a figure embodying moral character. He's linked to Indian dance, performance theory, and texts on stage design. Additionally, Bharata appears in mythology, the Mahabharata, and symbolizes support in Gandhi's Swaraj movement.
From: Triveni Journal
(1) Bharata is called Bhratri Vatsala, favorite brother of Rama, ranking highest in simplicity, humility, and magnanimity, subjected to an ordeal to establish his innocence and dedication to his noble brother.[65] (2) An individual whose laws of the theatre were violated by dramas, influencing the assessment of their artistic merit.[66] (3) Bharata is fraternal devotion and humility incarnate, refusing his mother's demand and acting as Rama's delegate, embodying wisdom and devotion.[67] (4) Bharata, the son of Dushyanta and Sakuntala, is a character whose deeds are described by the Keralite poet Krishna Kavi, who also calls Vyasa and Valmiki the first sage-poets.[68] (5) Bharata is the son of Kaikeyi and grew up with Satrughna, forming a close bond, while Rama was exiled and faced various challenges.[69]
From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda
(1) A land, proverbial for its wealth, where a piteous cry for food is rising, highlighting the need for action and the application of Western science to produce food-stuffs.[70] (2) This is the name of the sage who is the originator of dramatic performances.[71]
From: Bhaktavijaya: Stories of Indian Saints
(1) A classical Indian epic that narrates the story of the Kurukshetra war and the fates of the Kaurava and Pandava princes.[72]