Part 5 - The Apostles

The Apostles were Twelve and Seventy; their names are:—

SIMON, the chief of the Apostles, was from Bethsaida, of the tribe of Naphtali. He preached for one year in Antioch, where the disciples were [first] called Christians, and he built there the first church, in the house of Cassianus, whose son he restored to life. He lived in Rome twenty-seven years. He was crucified, head downwards, by Nero, in the 376th year of the Greeks (65-64 B.C.).

ANDREW, his brother, preached in Scythia, Nicomedia, and Achaia. He died in Byzantium and was buried in the church which he built there.

JOHN, the son of Zabhdai (Zebedee), was from Bethsaida, of the tribe of Zebulon. He preached in Ephesus, was exiled to Patmos, and then returned to Ephesus, where he built a church. Three of his disciples went with him:—IGNATIUS, later bishop of Antioch, who was thrown to the beasts in Rome; POLYCARP, later bishop of Smyrna who was burnt to death; and JOHN, who succeeded him as bishop. John, the son of Zebedee, was buried by John, his disciple, at Ephesus, and his grave is unknown. John, his disciple, was also buried at Ephesus. He wrote the Revelation, and said that all he had written in that book he had received from John the Evangelist.

JAMES, the brother of John, preached in Bethsaida and built a church there. Herod Agrippa slew him with the sword in the year following the Ascension of our Lord. He was buried at Akar, a city of Marmarika.

PHILIP, from Bethsaida, was of the tribe of Asher. He preached in Phrygia, Pamphylia and Pisidia; he died in Pisidia, and was buried in the church which he built there. He lived as an apostle 27 years.

THOMAS, from Jerusalem, was of the tribe of Judah. He taught the Parthians, Medes and Indians; he baptized the daughter of the Indian king, who had him speared to death. Habban the merchant brought his body to Edessa and buried it there. Some say he was buried in Mahluph in India.

MATTHEW, from Nazareth, was of the tribe of Issachar. He preached in Palestine, Tyre and Sidon, and went as far as Gabbula (i.e. al-Jabbal, a town in Coelesyria). He died, and was buried in Antioch.

BARTHOLOMEW, from Endor, was of the tribe of Issachar. He preached in Armenia, Ardeshir, Ketarbol, Radbin and Pruharman. He first went to Golthon in Armenia, came back to Artaschu, and then went on to Her, Zarevant and Urbianos. He lived as an apostle for 30 years, and then Hursti (Rhustni or Herostmi), king of Armenia, crucified him in Urbianos. He was buried in the church which he had built in Armenia. The king of Armenia in the time of Bartholomew was called Sanadrog (Sanatruk).

JUDE, the son of James, surnamed THADDAEUS (TADDAI), who is also LEBBAEUS (Lebbai), from Jerusalem, was of the tribe of Judah. He preached in Laodicea, and in Antaradus and Arwad (Ruwad). He was stoned in Arwad, and died and was buried there.

SIMON ZELOTES, from Galilee, was of the tribe of Ephraim. He preached in Shemeshat (Samosata), Parin (Perrhe), Zeugma, Halab (Aleppo), Mabbog (Manbig), and Kenneshrin (Kinnesrin). He built a church in Kyrrhos, and died and was buried there.

JAMES, the son of Alphaeus (Halphai), was from the Jordan, and of the tribe of Manasseh. He preached in Tadmor (Palmyra), Kirkesion (Kirkisiya), and Callinicos (ar-Rakkah), and came to Batnan of Serug (Sarug), where he built a church, and died and was buried there.

JUDAS ISCARIOT, the Betrayer, from Sekharyut, was of the tribe of Gad or Dan. MATTHIAS, of the tribe of Reuben, came in his stead. He preached in Hellas and in Sicily, where he built a church, and died, and was buried in it.

JAMES, the brother of our Lord, was cast down from a pinnacle of the Temple whilst preaching in Jerusalem; then a fuller of cloth smashed in his skull with a club, and afterwards they stoned him.

JOHN THE BAPTIST was of the tribe of Levi. Herod the tetrarch slew him, and his body was buried in Sebastia.

ANANIAS (HANANYA), John’s disciple, taught in Damascus and Arbil. Pol, the general of Aretas (Aristus) slew him, and he was buried in his church at Arbil.

PAUL, of Tarsus, was a Pharisee and of the tribe of Ephraim (or, Benjamin ?). He went to Peter at Rome, and Nero ordered them to be slain. On their way to the place of slaughter they gave the laying on of hands of the priesthood to their disciples, Peter to Mark, and Paul to Luke. Peter was crucified and Paul was beheaded, and Mark and Luke brought their bodies into the city. But Paul’s head could not be found. At length a shepherd found it, and he laid it by his sheep-fold. At night a fire blazed over it, and the shepherd went and told bishop Xystus and the clergy, and when they saw the head they recognized it as Paul’s head. They laid the head at the feet of Paul’s body, and, having prayed the whole night, the head was found to have joined itself to the body. From his call to the end of his life was 35 years; he travelled for 31 years, and he was in prison at Caesarea for two years, and for two years in Rome. He was martyred in the thirty-sixth year after the Passion of our Lord, and was buried in the royal catacombs in Rome.

LUKE, the physician and Evangelist, was a disciple of Lazarus, and was baptized by Philip in the city of Beroea. He was beheaded by Horos, the governor of Alexandria under Tiberius, whilst preaching there; he was buried in that city.

MARK the Evangelist preached in Rome, and died and was buried there. He was either the son of Simon Peter’s wife or the son of Simon; and Rhoda was his sister. He was first called John, but the Apostles changed his name to Mark.

ADDAI, from Paneas, preached in Edessa and Mesopotamia in the days of Abhgar the king; he built a church in Edessa. Herod, son of Abhgar, slew him in the fortress of Aggel, or Engil, north of Amid. He was buried either in Edessa or Rome.

AGGAI, the disciple of Addai, was a silk weaver; because he refused to give up his preaching, Herod, son of Abhgar, broke his legs with a club and he killed him.

THADDAEUS was slain by Herod, son of Abhgar, and was buried in Edessa.

ZACCHAEUS (Zaccai), the publican, was slain whilst preaching in Mount Horon.

SIMON, the leper, taught in Ramah, and the Jews slew him there.

JOSEPH, the Senator, taught in Galilee and Decapolis, and was buried in Ramah.

NICODEMUS, the Pharisee, the friend of our Lord, died in Jerusalem, and was buried there. Some say that he was buried by his brother Gamaliel in Kephar Gamla.

NATHANIEL was stoned whilst preaching in Mount Horon (or, Mount Hebron), and died.

SIMON, the Cyrenian, was slain in the island of Chios.

SIMON, son of Cleopas, was bishop of Jerusalem. At the age of one hundred years he was crucified by Irenaeus (or, Hereos?), the chiliarch.

STEPHEN was stoned to death in Jerusalem, and was buried in Kephar Gamla.

MARK (sumamed John) taught at Nyssa and Nazianzus; he built a church at the latter place, and died and was buried there.

GEPHAS (Gal. ii. 9; I Cor. i. 12) taught in Baalbec, Hims (Emesa), and Nathron (Batharun); he died and was buried in Shiraz (Shaizar ?).

BARNABAS, a native of Cyprus or a member of a family of Cyprians settled in Antioch, undertook two preaching missions in that Island, and then went and preached in Northern Italy and Kura for some time. Later he returned to Cyprus, where, according to one tradition, he suffered martyrdom. The various accounts of his life and preaching are described by Lipsius in his Apostelgeschichte (Bd. ii. Heft 2, pp. 276-320).

TITUS taught in Crete, and died and was buried there.

SOSTHENES taught in Pontus and Asia, and was cast into the sea by Nonnus, the prefect.

CRISCUS (CRESCENS) taught in Dalmatia; he died of hunger in Alexandria.

JUSTUS taught in Tiberias and Caesarea, where he died and was buried.

ANDRONICUS taught in Illyricum, where he died and was buried.

RUFUS was slain whilst teaching in Zeugma.

PATROBAS taught in Chalcedon, and died there.

HERMAS, the shepherd, taught in Antioch and died there.

NARCISSUS taught in Hellas, and died there.

ASYNCRITUS went to Beth-Huzaye (Ahwaz, Khuzistan), and died there.

ARISTOBULUS taught in Isauria, and died there.

ONESIMUS, the slave of Philemon, fled to Paul in Rome, where his legs were broken, and he died.

APOLLOS was burned to death by Sparacleus (?), governor of Gangra.

OLYMPAS, STACHYS and STEPHEN died in prison in Tarsus.

JUNIAS was slain in Samos.

THEOCRITUS died in Ilios.

MARTALUS (I) was slain by the Barbarians.

NIGER taught in Antioch, and died there.

LUCIUS was dragged behind a horse and died.

ALEXANDER was thrown into a pit in Heracleopolis (Hierapolis ?) and died.

MILUS was drowned at Rhodes.

SILVANUS and HERODION (Rhodion) were slain at Acco.

SILAS taught at Sarapolis (Hierapolis ?), and died there.

TIMOTHY taught in Ephesus, and died there.

MANAEL was burned to death in Acco.

The EUNUCH of Candace was strangled on the island of Parparchia.

JASON and SOSIPATRUS were thrown to the beasts in Olmius.

DEMAS taught in Thessalonica, and died there.

OMIUS (HYMENAEUS) taught in Melitene, and died there.

THRASEUS was thrown into a fiery furnace at Laodicea.

BISTORIUS (ARISTARCHUS) taught in the island of Ka, and died there.

ABRIOS and MOTOS died in Ethiopia.

LEVI was slain in Paneas by Charmus.

NICETIANUS (NICETAS) was sawn in twain in Tiberias.

JOHN and THEODORUS were thrown to the beasts at Baalbec.

EUCHESTION (?) and SIMON were slain by Methalius in Byzantium.

EPHRAIM (APHREM) taught in Baishan, and died there.

JUSTUS was slain at Corinth.

JAMES taught in Nicomedia, and died there.

[THE NAMES OF THE APOSTLES.]

The TWELVE (Matt. x. Mark iii. Luke vi. Acts i.).
1.	Simon Peter.
2.	Andrew, his brother.
3.	James, the son of Zebedee.
4.	John, his brother.
5.	Philip.
6.	Bartholomew.
7.	Thomas.
8.	Matthew.
9.	James, the son of Alphaeus.
10.	Labbaeus (Thaddaeus).
11.	Simon the Canaanite.
12.	Judas Iscariot (in whose stead came Matthias).
The SEVENTY.
1.	James, the son of Joseph.
2.	Simon, the son of Cleopas.
3.	Cleopas, his father.
4-8.	Joses; Simon; Judah; Barnabas; Manaeus (?).
9.	Ananias, who baptized Paul.
10.	Cephas, who preached at Antioch.
11.	Joseph, the senator.
12.	Nicodemus, the Archon.
13.	Nathaniel, the chief scribe.
14.	Justus (i.e. Joseph, called Barshabba).
15-17.	Silas; Judah; John (Mark).
18.	Mnason, who received Paul.
19.	Manael, foster-brother of Herod.
20.	Simon, called Niger.
21.	Jason (see Acts xvii. 5-9).
22.	Rufus (see Rom. xvi. 13).
23.	Alexander.
24.	Simon, the Cyrenian, their father.
25.	Lucius, the Cyrenian.
26.	Judah (mentioned in the Acts).
27.	Judah, who is called Simon.
28.	Eurion (Orion), the splay-footed.
29-32.	Thorus; Thorisus; Zabdon; Zakron.
The following were chosen with Stephen:—
33.	Philip, whose three (sic) daughters prophesied (see Acts xxi. 9).
34-36.	Stephen; Prochorus; Nicanor.
37-39.	Timon; Parmenas; Nicolaus (Acts vi. 5).
40.	Andronicus, the Greek (Rom. xvi. 7).
41, 42.	Titus; Timothy.
The following were with Peter in Rome:—
43, 44.	Hermas; Plighta.
45-47.	Patrobas; Asyncritus; Hermas.
The following came with Peter to Cornelius:—
48, 49.	Criscus (II Tim. iv. 10); Milichus.
50, 51.	Kiriton (Crito); Simon.
52.	Gaius, who received Paul.
53, 54.	Abrazon (?); Apollos.
The following were rejected from among the Seventy, for they were followers of Cerinthus, and denied our Lord’s divinity:—
55-57.	Simon; Levi; Bar-Kubba.
58-60.	Cleon; Hymenaeus; Candarus.
61-63.	Clithon (?); Demas; Narcissus.
64-66.	Slikispus; Thaddaeus; Marutha.

In their stead there came in:—

Luke, the Physician.
Apollos, the elect.
Ampelius; Urbanus; Stachys.
Popillius (Publius); Aristobulus.
Stephen; Herodion, the son of Narcissus.
Olympas; Mark, the Evangelist.
Addai; Aggai; Mar Mari.

[CHRONOLOGY]

From Adam to the Flood was	2262	years.
From the Flood to Abraham was	1015	"
From Abraham to the Exodus from Egypt was	430	"
From the Exodus to Solomon and the building of the Temple was	400	"
From Solomon to the First Captivity, which Nebuchadnezzar led away captive	495	"
From the First Captivity to the prophesying of Daniel was	180	"
From the prophesying of Daniel to the Birth of our Lord was	483	"
	[5265]	"
All these make 5345 years (sic).
From Alexander to our Lord was	303	years.
From our Lord to Constantine was	341	"
In the year 438 of Alexander, the Macedonian, the kingdom of the Persians had its beginning.

[For 438 read 538, as the Sasanian dynasty was founded by Ardashir I in A.D. 226.]

Know, O my brother readers, that from the beginning of the creation of Adam to Alexander was 5180 years.

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