Part 1a - The brief teaching

From the establishment of the samsaric world, and being connected to peace, the establishment of the samsaric world has three divisions, the brief teaching, the extensive explanation, and how it is reversed. As for the first subject:

The black and white actions that are the formations of samsara
Have the nature of ten actions, bad and good.

Ten bad actions and ten good ones that accord with merit establish samsara. What are they?

The Precious Garland says:

Not cutting off life, and giving up thievery;
Leaving alone the spouses of other people;
With no talk that is frivolous, wrong and rough,
Keeping our speech both true and genuine.
Without the attitudes of desire and anger,
Abandoning the view of natures such as these;
These ten actions are the white karmic path.
The opposites comprise the path of blackness.

These bad actions produce suffering and the lower realms. By the good ones, we attain happiness and the higher realms.

The Objects of Mindfulness says:

By the bad ones we gain suffering and the lowe r realms,
By the good ones there is happiness and the higher realms.

The Sutra on Distinguishing Karma (las rnam a’byed kyi mdo) says:

The son of the householder To’uta, the bhramin boy named Parrot asked, “Kye Gautama, by what cause and conditions do sentient beings have short or tall height, have many illnesses or few illnesses, have a pleasant or unpleasant color, great or small powers, high or low caste, great or small enjoyments, and great or small prajña?”

The Buddha spoke saying, “O bhraman boy, sentient beings are as they are because of karma. They live within their allotted karma. They have the birth-place of karma. They depend on karma. Low, high, and middle, exalted, degraded, bad, and good beings develop. The karma of sentient beings is various. Their views are various. Their actions are various. By black karma sentient beings are born among hell beings, hungry ghosts, or animals. By white karma they are born among gods and human beings.”