Buddha-Carita [sanskrit]

by E. B. Cowell | 2003 | 11,474 words | ISBN-10: 8187418788 | ISBN-13: 9788187418788

The Buddha Carita (Saddharma-pundarika) by Asvaghosa a famous Sanskrit text revolving around the live and exploits of the Buddha. The Buddha Carita (Buddhacarita) is written in the style of a Kavya (or Mahakavya, epic poetry) and extant original Sanskrit text consists of roughly 1,000 metrical verses.

Verse 13.28

तं प्रेक्ष्य मारस्य च पूर्वरात्रे शाक्यर्षभस्यैव च युद्धकालम् ।
न द्यौश्चकाशे पृथिवी चकम्पे प्रजज्वलुश्चैव दिशः सशब्दाः ॥ २८ ॥

taṃ prekṣya mārasya ca pūrvarātre śākyarṣabhasyaiva ca yuddhakālam |
na dyauścakāśe pṛthivī cakampe prajajvaluścaiva diśaḥ saśabdāḥ || 28 ||

Beholding in the first half of the night that battle of Mara and the bull of the Shakya race, the heavens did not shine and the earth shook and the (ten) regions of space flashed flame and roared.

English translation by E. B. Cowell (2003) Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (13.28). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Prekshya, Mara, Purvaratra, Shaki, Shakya, Rishabha, Yuddhakala, Div, Dyau, Prithivi, Praja, Alu, Dishas, Dish, Disha, Sashabda,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Buddha-carita Verse 13.28). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “taṃ prekṣya mārasya ca pūrvarātre śākyarṣabhasyaiva ca yuddhakālam
  • tam -
  • ta (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    ta (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    tan (noun, masculine)
    [adverb]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [accusative single]
  • prekṣya -
  • prekṣya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    prekṣya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • mārasya -
  • māra (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
    māra (noun, neuter)
    [genitive single]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • pūrvarātre -
  • pūrvarātra (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
  • śākyar -
  • śākya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    śākya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    śākī (noun, feminine)
    [instrumental single]
    śākyā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    śac -> śākya (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √śac class 1 verb]
    śac -> śākya (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √śac class 1 verb]
    śac -> śākyā (participle, feminine)
    [nominative single from √śac class 1 verb]
  • ṛṣabhasyai -
  • ṛṣabha (noun, masculine)
    [genitive single]
  • aiva -
  • i (verb class 2)
    [imperfect active first dual]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • yuddhakālam -
  • yuddhakāla (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
  • Line 2: “na dyauścakāśe pṛthivī cakampe prajajvaluścaiva diśaḥ saśabdāḥ
  • na -
  • na (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    na (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    na (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • dyauś -
  • div (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single], [vocative single]
    dyau (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single], [vocative single]
  • cakāśe -
  • kāś (verb class 1)
    [perfect middle first single], [perfect middle third single]
    kāś (verb class 4)
    [perfect middle first single], [perfect middle third single]
  • pṛthivī -
  • pṛthivī (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [nominative single]
    pṛthivi (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • cakampe -
  • kamp (verb class 1)
    [perfect middle first single], [perfect middle third single]
  • praja -
  • praja (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    praja (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • jva -
  • (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb], [vocative single]
    (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb], [vocative single]
    (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • aluś -
  • alu (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    (verb class 2)
    [imperfect active third plural]
  • cai -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • aiva -
  • i (verb class 2)
    [imperfect active first dual]
  • diśaḥ -
  • diśas (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    diś (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
    diśa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • saśabdāḥ -
  • saśabda (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural]
    saśabdā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Buddha-carita Verse 13.28

Cover of edition (2003)

The Buddha-Carita By Asvaghosa or Acts of Buddha
by E. B. Cowell (2003)

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2011)

Buddha Carita of Asvaghosa
by Shanti Lal Nagar (2011)

Sanskrit text, English translation, Index of Verse and Photographs of Archaeological Evidence

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2016)

Asvaghosa’s Buddhacarita or Acts of the Buddha
by E. H. Johnston (2016)

Sanskrit text with English Translation

Buy now!
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