Buddha-Carita [sanskrit]

by E. B. Cowell | 2003 | 11,474 words | ISBN-10: 8187418788 | ISBN-13: 9788187418788

The Buddha Carita (Saddharma-pundarika) by Asvaghosa a famous Sanskrit text revolving around the live and exploits of the Buddha. The Buddha Carita (Buddhacarita) is written in the style of a Kavya (or Mahakavya, epic poetry) and extant original Sanskrit text consists of roughly 1,000 metrical verses.

Verse 9.24

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शोकाम्भसि त्वत्प्रभवे ह्यगाधे दुःखार्णवे मज्जति शाक्यराजः ।
तस्मात्तमुत्तारय नाथहीनं निराश्रयं मग्नमिवार्णवे गाम् ॥ २४ ॥

śokāmbhasi tvatprabhave hyagādhe duḥkhārṇave majjati śākyarājaḥ |
tasmāttamuttāraya nāthahīnaṃ nirāśrayaṃ magnamivārṇave gām || 24 ||

'The king of the Shakyas is drowned in a deep sea of sorrow, full of waves of trouble, springing from thee; do thou therefore deliver him helpless and protectorless like an ox drowning in the sea.
English translation by E. B. Cowell (2003) Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (9.24). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Shoka, Bha, Yushmad, Prabhava, Prabhu, Agadha, Duhkha, Arnava, Majjat, Shaki, Shakin, Shakya, Tasmat, Tad, Uttara, Natha, Hina, Nirashraya, Magna, Iva,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Buddha-carita Verse 9.24). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “śokāmbhasi tvatprabhave hyagādhe duḥkhārṇave majjati śākyarājaḥ ”
śokām -
śokā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
bha -
bha (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

bha (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
si -
si (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]
tvat -
yuṣmad (pronoun, none)

[ablative single]
prabhave -
prabhava (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

prabhava (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

prabhavā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

prabhu (noun, masculine)

[dative single]

prabhu (noun, feminine)

[dative single]
hya -
hi (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]
agādhe -
agādha (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

agādha (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

agādhā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√gādh (verb class 1)

[imperfect middle first single]
duḥkhā -
duḥkha (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

duḥkha (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

duḥkhā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
arṇave -
arṇava (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

arṇava (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

arṇavā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
majjati -
√majj -> majjat (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √majj class 6 verb]

√majj -> majjat (participle, neuter)

[locative single from √majj class 6 verb]

√majj (verb class 6)

[present active third single]
śākya -
śākī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

śākin (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single]

śākin (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

śākya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

śākya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√śac -> śākya (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √śac class 1 verb]

√śac -> śākya (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √śac class 1 verb]
arājaḥ -
√rāj (verb class 1)

[imperfect active second single]
Line 2: “tasmāttamuttāraya nāthahīnaṃ nirāśrayaṃ magnamivārṇave gām ”
tasmāt -
tasmāt (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

tad (noun, neuter)

[ablative single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[ablative single]
tam -
ta (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

tā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

tan (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

sa (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]
uttāra -
uttāra (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

uttāra (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
ya -
nātha -
nātha (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

nātha (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√nāth (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
hīnam -
hīna (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

hīna (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

hīnā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√hā -> hīna (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √hā class 1 verb], [accusative single from √hā class 3 verb]

√hā -> hīna (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √hā class 1 verb], [accusative single from √hā class 1 verb], [nominative single from √hā class 3 verb], [accusative single from √hā class 3 verb]
nirāśrayam -
nirāśraya (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

nirāśraya (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

nirāśrayā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
magnam -
magna (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

magna (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

magnā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√majj -> magna (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √majj class 6 verb]

√majj -> magna (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √majj class 6 verb], [accusative single from √majj class 6 verb]
ivā -
iva (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

iva (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
arṇave -
arṇava (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

arṇava (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

arṇavā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
gām -
gā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]

go (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]

√gā (verb class 2)

[injunctive active first single]

√gā (verb class 3)

[injunctive active first single]