Buddha-Carita [sanskrit]

by E. B. Cowell | 2003 | 11,474 words | ISBN-10: 8187418788 | ISBN-13: 9788187418788

The Buddha Carita (Saddharma-pundarika) by Asvaghosa a famous Sanskrit text revolving around the live and exploits of the Buddha. The Buddha Carita (Buddhacarita) is written in the style of a Kavya (or Mahakavya, epic poetry) and extant original Sanskrit text consists of roughly 1,000 metrical verses.

Verse 7.18

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एवंविधैः कालचितैस्तपोभिः परैर्दिवं यान्त्यपरैर्नृलोकम् ।
दुःखेन मार्गेण सुखं क्षियन्ति दुःखं हि धर्मस्य वदन्ति मूलम् ॥ १८ ॥

evaṃvidhaiḥ kālacitaistapobhiḥ parairdivaṃ yāntyaparairnṛlokam |
duḥkhena mārgeṇa sukhaṃ kṣiyanti duḥkhaṃ hi dharmasya vadanti mūlam || 18 ||

'By such penances endured for a time,—by the higher they attain heaven, by the lower the world of men; by the path of pain they eventually dwell in happiness,—pain, they say, is the root of merit.'
English translation by E. B. Cowell (2003) Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (7.18). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Evamvidha, Kala, Cita, Tapas, Para, Div, Diva, Yantin, Yanti, Apara, Nriloka, Duhkha, Marga, Sukham, Sukha, Kshiyat, Kshiyanti, Duhkham, Dharma, Vadat, Vadanti, Mula,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Buddha-carita Verse 7.18). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “evaṃvidhaiḥ kālacitaistapobhiḥ parairdivaṃ yāntyaparairnṛlokam ”
evaṃvidhaiḥ -
evaṃvidha (noun, masculine)

[instrumental plural]

evaṃvidha (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
kāla -
kāla (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

kāla (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
citais -
cita (noun, masculine)

[instrumental plural]

cita (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
tapobhiḥ -
tapas (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
parair -
para (noun, masculine)

[instrumental plural]

para (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
divam -
diva (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

divan (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

divā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

div (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]
yāntya -
yāntin (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single]

yāntin (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

yāntī (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

yāntī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

yāntī (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
aparair -
apara (noun, masculine)

[instrumental plural]

apara (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
nṛlokam -
nṛloka (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]
Line 2: “duḥkhena mārgeṇa sukhaṃ kṣiyanti duḥkhaṃ hi dharmasya vadanti mūlam ”
duḥkhena -
duḥkha (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

duḥkha (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
mārgeṇa -
mārga (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

mārga (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
sukham -
sukham (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

sukha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

sukha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

sukhā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
kṣiyanti -
√kṣi -> kṣiyat (participle, neuter)

[nominative plural from √kṣi class 2 verb], [vocative plural from √kṣi class 2 verb], [accusative plural from √kṣi class 2 verb], [nominative plural from √kṣi class 6 verb], [vocative plural from √kṣi class 6 verb], [accusative plural from √kṣi class 6 verb]

√kṣi -> kṣiyantī (participle, feminine)

[vocative single from √kṣi class 6 verb]

√kṣi (verb class 2)

[present active third plural]

√kṣi (verb class 6)

[present active third plural]
duḥkham -
duḥkham (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

duḥkha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

duḥkha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

duḥkhā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
hi -
hi (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]
dharmasya -
dharma (noun, masculine)

[genitive single]
vadanti -
√vad -> vadat (participle, neuter)

[nominative plural from √vad class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √vad class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √vad class 1 verb]

√vad -> vadantī (participle, feminine)

[vocative single from √vad class 1 verb]

√vad (verb class 1)

[present active third plural]
mūlam -
mūla (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

mūla (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

mūlā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]