Buddha-Carita [sanskrit]

by E. B. Cowell | 2003 | 11,474 words | ISBN-10: 8187418788 | ISBN-13: 9788187418788

The Buddha Carita (Saddharma-pundarika) by Asvaghosa a famous Sanskrit text revolving around the live and exploits of the Buddha. The Buddha Carita (Buddhacarita) is written in the style of a Kavya (or Mahakavya, epic poetry) and extant original Sanskrit text consists of roughly 1,000 metrical verses.

Verse 3.35

निःश्वस्य दीर्घं स शिरः प्रकम्प्य तस्मिंश्च जीर्णे विनिवेश्य चक्षुः ।
तां चैव दृष्ट्वा जनतां सहर्षां वाक्यं स संविग्नमिदं जगाद ॥ ३५ ॥

niḥśvasya dīrghaṃ sa śiraḥ prakampya tasmiṃśca jīrṇe viniveśya cakṣuḥ |
tāṃ caiva dṛṣṭvā janatāṃ saharṣāṃ vākyaṃ sa saṃvignamidaṃ jagāda || 35 ||

Drawing a long sigh and shaking his head, and fixing his eyes on that decrepit old man, and looking round on that exultant multitude he then uttered these distressed words:

English translation by E. B. Cowell (2003) Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (3.35). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Nihshvasya, Dirgham, Dirgha, Shira, Shiras, Prakampya, Tad, Jirna, Jirni, Cakshu, Cakshus, Janat, Janata, Saharsha, Vakya, Samvigna, Idam,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Buddha-carita Verse 3.35). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “niḥśvasya dīrghaṃ sa śiraḥ prakampya tasmiṃśca jīrṇe viniveśya cakṣuḥ
  • niḥśvasya -
  • niḥśvasya (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    niḥśvasya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    niḥśvasya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • dīrgham -
  • dīrgham (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    dīrgha (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    dīrgha (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    dīrghā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • sa -
  • sa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • śiraḥ -
  • śiras (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    śira (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • prakampya -
  • prakampya (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    prakampya (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • tasmiṃś -
  • tad (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • jīrṇe -
  • jīrṇa (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    jīrṇa (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    jīrṇā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    jīrṇi (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]
    jīrṇi (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    jṝ -> jīrṇa (participle, masculine)
    [locative single from √jṝ class 1 verb], [locative single from √jṝ class 4 verb], [locative single from √jṝ class 9 verb]
    jṝ -> jīrṇa (participle, neuter)
    [nominative dual from √jṝ class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √jṝ class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √jṝ class 1 verb], [locative single from √jṝ class 1 verb], [nominative dual from √jṝ class 4 verb], [vocative dual from √jṝ class 4 verb], [accusative dual from √jṝ class 4 verb], [locative single from √jṝ class 4 verb], [nominative dual from √jṝ class 9 verb], [vocative dual from √jṝ class 9 verb], [accusative dual from √jṝ class 9 verb], [locative single from √jṝ class 9 verb]
    jṝ -> jīrṇā (participle, feminine)
    [nominative dual from √jṝ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √jṝ class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √jṝ class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √jṝ class 1 verb], [nominative dual from √jṝ class 4 verb], [vocative single from √jṝ class 4 verb], [vocative dual from √jṝ class 4 verb], [accusative dual from √jṝ class 4 verb], [nominative dual from √jṝ class 9 verb], [vocative single from √jṝ class 9 verb], [vocative dual from √jṝ class 9 verb], [accusative dual from √jṝ class 9 verb]
  • viniveśya -
  • cakṣuḥ -
  • cakṣus (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
    cakṣus (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    cakṣu (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    kṣai (verb class 1)
    [perfect active third plural]
  • Line 2: “tāṃ caiva dṛṣṭvā janatāṃ saharṣāṃ vākyaṃ sa saṃvignamidaṃ jagāda
  • tām -
  • (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
  • cai -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • aiva -
  • i (verb class 2)
    [imperfect active first dual]
  • dṛṣṭvā -
  • dṛś -> dṛṣṭvā (absolutive)
    [absolutive from √dṛś]
  • janatām -
  • janat (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
    janat (noun, neuter)
    [genitive plural]
    janatā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
    jan -> janat (participle, masculine)
    [genitive plural from √jan class 1 verb], [genitive plural from √jan class 2 verb]
    jan -> janat (participle, neuter)
    [genitive plural from √jan class 1 verb], [genitive plural from √jan class 2 verb]
    jan (verb class 1)
    [imperative active third dual], [imperative middle third single]
    jan (verb class 2)
    [imperative middle third plural]
  • saharṣām -
  • saharṣā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
  • vākyam -
  • vākya (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    vac -> vākya (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √vac class 2 verb], [accusative single from √vac class 3 verb]
    vac -> vākya (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √vac class 2 verb], [accusative single from √vac class 2 verb], [nominative single from √vac class 3 verb], [accusative single from √vac class 3 verb]
    vak -> vākya (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √vak class 1 verb]
    vak -> vākya (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √vak class 1 verb], [accusative single from √vak class 1 verb]
  • sa -
  • sa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • saṃvignam -
  • saṃvigna (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    saṃvigna (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    saṃvignā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • idam -
  • idam (pronoun, neuter)
    [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • jagāda -
  • gad (verb class 1)
    [perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Buddha-carita Verse 3.35

Cover of edition (2003)

The Buddha-Carita By Asvaghosa or Acts of Buddha
by E. B. Cowell (2003)

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2011)

Buddha Carita of Asvaghosa
by Shanti Lal Nagar (2011)

Sanskrit text, English translation, Index of Verse and Photographs of Archaeological Evidence

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2016)

Asvaghosa’s Buddhacarita or Acts of the Buddha
by E. H. Johnston (2016)

Sanskrit text with English Translation

Buy now!
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