Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
This is the Chinese Buddhist Canon known as the Taisho, or more specifically the “Taisho Revised Tripitaka” (Takakusu Junjiro 1988). The collection consists of thousands of scrolls including foundational texts such as Agamas, Mahayana Sutras, Vinaya, Abhidharma, Tantras, Jatakas and Avadanas (former birth stoeries), commentaries, histories, catalog...
Sutta 12: The Sutra of the King of (Boluonai Guo)
[full title]: Collection of the Six Perfections, Scroll 2 (nr. 12)
[full title]: Sutra of the Collection of the Six Perfections; 六度集經 [liù dù jí jīng] (liu du ji jing)
[parallels]: Date 251 from Lancaster (2004, 'K 206')
[parallels]: English from Pali: Fausboll, V, and T. W. Rhys Davids. 1880. Buddhist Birth Stories: Or, Jataka Tales. London: Trubner and Co.
[parallels]: English Translations: Shyu, C.M. 2008, A Few Good Women: A Study of the Liu Du Ji Jing (A scripture on the Collection of the Six Perfections) from literary, Artistic, and Gender Perspectives (Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University). Partial (Stories 18, 21, 22, 28, 32, 47, 59, 60, 63, 67, 72, 79, 85, and 90).
[primary source]: Kang Seng Hui, translator, 《六度集經》 'Liu Du Ji Jing,' in Taishō shinshū Daizōkyō 《大正新脩大藏經》, in Takakusu Junjiro, ed., (Tokyo: Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō Kankōkai, 1988), Vol. 3, No. 152
[colophon]: 六度集經 吳 康僧會譯 共 8 卷 Scripture on the Collection of the Six Perfections (Liu Du Ji Jing), Translated by Kang Seng Hui in the Wu in 8 scrolls
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
波羅㮈國王經
bō luó nài guó wáng jīng
bo luo nai guo wang jing
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
[0006c11] "In the past, the King of 波羅㮈國 [bo luo nai guo] (Boluonai Guo) had a Crown Prince named 迦蘭 [jia lan] (Jialan). There were two brothers. After their father, the King, passed away, they yielded the country to each other, and no one was established. The elder brother, with his wife, fled into the mountains to practice the Way, settling by a river. At that time, there was a criminal from another country whose hands and feet had been cut off and whose nose and ears had been severed by the government. He was then set adrift on a broken boat. The criminal cried out to heaven in succession. The Taoist heard him and said sadly with compassion: 'Who is that person? His distress is extreme. It is the work of a great being to extend vast compassion, risk one's own life, and save all living beings from suffering.' He threw himself into the water, stemming the waves and cutting the current, pulled the boat to shore, carried the criminal back to his dwelling, and diligently cared for him until his wounds healed and his life was saved. For four years, he diligently nurtured him without weariness.
[0006c11] “昔者波羅㮈國王太子名迦蘭,兄弟二人,父王喪身,以國相讓,無適立者.兄將妻遁邁入山學道,止臨江水.時,他國有犯罪者,國政杌其手足,, 截其鼻耳,敗舡流之.罪人呼天相屬.道士聞之愴然,悲楚曰: ‘彼何人哉?厥困尤甚.夫弘慈恕己危命,濟群生之厄者,斯大士之業矣.’ 投身于水盪波截流,引舟著岸,負之還居,勤心養護,瘡愈命全.積年有四,慈育無倦.
[0006c11] “xī zhě bō luó nài guó wáng tài zi míng jiā lán, xiōng dì èr rén, fù wáng sàng shēn, yǐ guó xiāng ràng, wú shì lì zhě. xiōng jiāng qī dùn mài rù shān xué dào, zhǐ lín jiāng shuǐ. shí, tā guó yǒu fàn zuì zhě, guó zhèng wù qí shǒu zú,, jié qí bí ěr, bài chuán liú zhī. zuì rén hū tiān xiāng shǔ. dào shì wén zhī chuàng rán, bēi chǔ yuē: ‘bǐ hé rén zāi? jué kùn yóu shén. fū hóng cí shù jǐ wēi mìng, jì qún shēng zhī è zhě, sī dà shì zhī yè yǐ.’ tóu shēn yú shuǐ dàng bō jié liú, yǐn zhōu zhe àn, fù zhī hái jū, qín xīn yǎng hù, chuāng yù mìng quán. jī nián yǒu sì, cí yù wú juàn.
[0006c11] "xi zhe bo luo nai guo wang tai zi ming jia lan, xiong di er ren, fu wang sang shen, yi guo xiang rang, wu shi li zhe. xiong jiang qi dun mai ru shan xue dao, zhi lin jiang shui. shi, ta guo you fan zui zhe, guo zheng wu qi shou zu,, jie qi bi er, bai chuan liu zhi. zui ren hu tian xiang shu. dao shi wen zhi chuang ran, bei chu yue: 'bi he ren zai? jue kun you shen. fu hong ci shu ji wei ming, ji qun sheng zhi e zhe, si da shi zhi ye yi.' tou shen yu shui dang bo jie liu, yin zhou zhe an, fu zhi hai ju, qin xin yang hu, chuang yu ming quan. ji nian you si, ci yu wu juan.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
[0006c20] "The wife, without restraint, committed adultery with the criminal and conspired to kill her husband, saying: 'If you kill him, I will live with you.' The criminal said: 'He is a virtuous man, why should I kill him?' The wife repeated her plea as before. The criminal said: 'I have no hands or feet, I cannot kill him.' The wife said: 'You sit, I have my own plan.' She pretended to have a headache and told her husband: 'This must be the work of the mountain spirits. I want to resolve it. Tomorrow, I will go with you to pray for blessings.' Her husband said: 'Excellent!' The next day, they went to the mountain bank, which was forty li high and had steep cliffs on three sides; all who saw it were afraid. The wife said: 'By means of magic, you stand facing the sun, and I will sacrifice myself.' Her husband immediately faced the sun, and the wife pretended to circle him several times, then pushed him down the mountain. Halfway down the mountain, there was a tree with thick and soft leaves. The Taoist grasped a branch and stood there, eating the sweet fruits of the tree to sustain himself. Beside the tree was a turtle, which also ate fruit daily. Seeing a person on the tree, it was afraid and dared not approach. After five days of hunger, it ventured towards the fruit. Both were unharmed, and they gradually came closer to each other. The Taoist leapt onto the turtle, and the turtle, startled, jumped to the ground. The heavenly gods protected them, and neither was harmed.
[0006c20] “妻淫無避與罪人通,謀殺其婿,曰: ‘子殺之,吾與子居.’ 罪人曰: ‘彼賢者矣,奈何殺之?’ 妻辭如前,罪人曰: ‘吾無手足,不能殺也.’ 妻曰: ‘子坐,吾自有計矣.’ 詐為首疾,告其婿曰: ‘斯必山神所為也,吾欲解之.明日從君以求祈福.’ 婿曰: ‘大善! ’ 明日遂行山岸,高四十里,三面壁立,覩者皆懼.妻曰: ‘術法,子向日立,吾自祭之.’ 婿即向日,妻佯遶之數周,推落山下.山半有樹,樹葉緻厚而柔軟也,道士攀枝得立,樹菓甘美食之自全.樹側有龜,亦日食菓,覩樹有人,懼不敢往.其飢五日冒昧趣菓,兩俱無害,遂相摩近.道士超踊騎龜,龜驚跳下地;天神祐之,兩俱無損.
[0006c20] “qī yín wú bì yǔ zuì rén tōng, móu shā qí xù, yuē: ‘zi shā zhī, wú yǔ zi jū.’ zuì rén yuē: ‘bǐ xián zhě yǐ, nài hé shā zhī?’ qī cí rú qián, zuì rén yuē: ‘wú wú shǒu zú, bù néng shā yě.’ qī yuē: ‘zi zuò, wú zì yǒu jì yǐ.’ zhà wèi shǒu jí, gào qí xù yuē: ‘sī bì shān shén suǒ wèi yě, wú yù jiě zhī. míng rì cóng jūn yǐ qiú qí fú.’ xù yuē: ‘dà shàn! ’ míng rì suì xíng shān àn, gāo sì shí lǐ, sān miàn bì lì, dǔ zhě jiē jù. qī yuē: ‘shù fǎ, zi xiàng rì lì, wú zì jì zhī.’ xù jí xiàng rì, qī yáng rào zhī shù zhōu, tuī luò shān xià. shān bàn yǒu shù, shù yè zhì hòu ér róu ruǎn yě, dào shì pān zhī dé lì, shù guǒ gān měi shí zhī zì quán. shù cè yǒu guī, yì rì shí guǒ, dǔ shù yǒu rén, jù bù gǎn wǎng. qí jī wǔ rì mào mèi qù guǒ, liǎng jù wú hài, suì xiāng mó jìn. dào shì chāo yǒng qí guī, guī jīng tiào xià de; tiān shén yòu zhī, liǎng jù wú sǔn.
[0006c20] "qi yin wu bi yu zui ren tong, mou sha qi xu, yue: 'zi sha zhi, wu yu zi ju.' zui ren yue: 'bi xian zhe yi, nai he sha zhi?' qi ci ru qian, zui ren yue: 'wu wu shou zu, bu neng sha ye.' qi yue: 'zi zuo, wu zi you ji yi.' zha wei shou ji, gao qi xu yue: 'si bi shan shen suo wei ye, wu yu jie zhi. ming ri cong jun yi qiu qi fu.' xu yue: 'da shan! ' ming ri sui xing shan an, gao si shi li, san mian bi li, du zhe jie ju. qi yue: 'shu fa, zi xiang ri li, wu zi ji zhi.' xu ji xiang ri, qi yang rao zhi shu zhou, tui luo shan xia. shan ban you shu, shu ye zhi hou er rou ruan ye, dao shi pan zhi de li, shu guo gan mei shi zhi zi quan. shu ce you gui, yi ri shi guo, du shu you ren, ju bu gan wang. qi ji wu ri mao mei qu guo, liang ju wu hai, sui xiang mo jin. dao shi chao yong qi gui, gui jing tiao xia de; tian shen you zhi, liang ju wu sun.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
[0007a04] "Upon returning to his former country, the younger brother yielded the country to the elder brother. The elder brother, with his compassion and magnanimity, saved and helped all living beings. The King governed his country, and from sunrise, he practiced generosity. Within four hundred li, people, carriages, horses, and various treasures, food and drink were freely available. To the east, west, south, and north, beneficence and nurturing were likewise bestowed. The King's fame and virtues spread widely, and he was praised in all ten directions.
[0007a04] “因還故國,弟以國讓兄.兄以恕己弘慈拯濟群生.王治其國,日出布施,四百里內,人車馬眾寶飯食自由,東西南北惠育如之.王功名周著,十方歎德.
[0007a04] “yīn hái gù guó, dì yǐ guó ràng xiōng. xiōng yǐ shù jǐ hóng cí zhěng jì qún shēng. wáng zhì qí guó, rì chū bù shī, sì bǎi lǐ nèi, rén chē mǎ zhòng bǎo fàn shí zì yóu, dōng xī nán běi huì yù rú zhī. wáng gōng míng zhōu zhe, shí fāng tàn dé.
[0007a04] "yin hai gu guo, di yi guo rang xiong. xiong yi shu ji hong ci zheng ji qun sheng. wang zhi qi guo, ri chu bu shi, si bai li nei, ren che ma zhong bao fan shi zi you, dong xi nan bei hui yu ru zhi. wang gong ming zhou zhe, shi fang tan de.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
[0007a08] "The wife, believing her husband was dead, and no one in the country recognized her, carried her disfigured husband into the country and declared: 'My family, married from childhood, has suffered from the decline and chaos of the world, and I myself have become withered and broken. I have come to beg, relying on the merciful kindness of the Heavenly King.' The people of the country admired her for this and instructed her: 'The Heavenly King is universally compassionate and nurtures all living beings. Tomorrow, he will go out the East Gate to bestow alms. You should meet him there; your good deeds will be honored, and you will surely be greatly rewarded.'
[0007a08] “妻以婿為死,國人無識己者,負杌婿入國,自陳: ‘結髮室家遭世衰亂,身更凋殘,服天王慈惠,故來乞匃.’ 國人嘉其如斯,教之曰: ‘天王普慈,育逮群生,明日當出東門布施.汝其逆之,貴汝善行,賜汝必多.’
[0007a08] “qī yǐ xù wèi sǐ, guó rén wú shí jǐ zhě, fù wù xù rù guó, zì chén: ‘jié fà shì jiā zāo shì shuāi luàn, shēn gèng diāo cán, fú tiān wáng cí huì, gù lái qǐ gài.’ guó rén jiā qí rú sī, jiào zhī yuē: ‘tiān wáng pǔ cí, yù dǎi qún shēng, míng rì dāng chū dōng mén bù shī. rǔ qí nì zhī, guì rǔ shàn xíng, cì rǔ bì duō.’
[0007a08] "qi yi xu wei si, guo ren wu shi ji zhe, fu wu xu ru guo, zi chen: 'jie fa shi jia zao shi shuai luan, shen geng diao can, fu tian wang ci hui, gu lai qi gai.' guo ren jia qi ru si, jiao zhi yue: 'tian wang pu ci, yu dai qun sheng, ming ri dang chu dong men bu shi. ru qi ni zhi, gui ru shan xing, ci ru bi duo.'
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
[0007a13] "The next day, she begged from the King. The King silently recognized her and fully explained her story to his ministers. One minister said: 'She should be burned.' Another minister said: 'She should be beheaded.' The minister of justice said: 'Indeed, there is no greater sin than abandoning righteousness and embracing evil, engaging in rebellious acts. The wicked person should be nailed to the back of the demonic woman and made to carry her always.' All the ministers agreed, saying: 'Excellent!' 'Following his preference, this is clearly a firm resolution.' The King, through his ten good deeds, transformed the people, and none failed to rejoice and support him. The King and his people, at the end of their lives, were born in heaven; the criminal and his wife, upon death, entered hell."
[0007a13] “明日從王乞匃,王默識之,具為群臣說妻本末.一臣曰: ‘當燒之.’ 一臣曰: ‘斬之.’ 執法大臣曰: ‘夫罪莫大于去正入邪,為悖逆之行者矣.當釘兇人著蠱女之背使長負焉.’ 群臣僉曰: ‘善哉.’ ‘從其所好,執持之明矣.’ 王以十善化,民靡不欣戴.王逮臣民,終生天上;罪人夫妻,死入地獄.”
[0007a13] “míng rì cóng wáng qǐ gài, wáng mò shí zhī, jù wèi qún chén shuō qī běn mò. yī chén yuē: ‘dāng shāo zhī.’ yī chén yuē: ‘zhǎn zhī.’ zhí fǎ dà chén yuē: ‘fū zuì mò dà yú qù zhèng rù xié, wèi bèi nì zhī xíng zhě yǐ. dāng dīng xiōng rén zhe gǔ nǚ zhī bèi shǐ zhǎng fù yān.’ qún chén qiān yuē: ‘shàn zāi.’ ‘cóng qí suǒ hǎo, zhí chí zhī míng yǐ.’ wáng yǐ shí shàn huà, mín mí bù xīn dài. wáng dǎi chén mín, zhōng shēng tiān shàng; zuì rén fū qī, sǐ rù de yù.”
[0007a13] "ming ri cong wang qi gai, wang mo shi zhi, ju wei qun chen shuo qi ben mo. yi chen yue: 'dang shao zhi.' yi chen yue: 'zhan zhi.' zhi fa da chen yue: 'fu zui mo da yu qu zheng ru xie, wei bei ni zhi xing zhe yi. dang ding xiong ren zhe gu nu zhi bei shi zhang fu yan.' qun chen qian yue: 'shan zai.' 'cong qi suo hao, zhi chi zhi ming yi.' wang yi shi shan hua, min mi bu xin dai. wang dai chen min, zhong sheng tian shang; zui ren fu qi, si ru de yu."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
[0007a20] [Buddha] (Fo) told the [bhikkhus] (bhikkhus): "The King at that time was myself. The criminal was 調達 [diao da] (Tiaoda). The wife was the woman 懷杅女子 [huai yu nu zi] (Huaiyu Nuzi). A [Bodhisattva's] (Pusa's) practice of generosity, reaching boundless compassion and wisdom, is like this."
[0007a20] 佛告諸比丘: “時王者,我身是.罪人者,調達是,妻者,懷杅女子是.菩薩慈惠度無極行布施如是.”
[0007a20] fú gào zhū bǐ qiū: “shí wáng zhě, wǒ shēn shì. zuì rén zhě, diào dá shì, qī zhě, huái yú nǚ zi shì. pú sà cí huì dù wú jí xíng bù shī rú shì.”
[0007a20] fu gao zhu bi qiu: "shi wang zhe, wo shen shi. zui ren zhe, diao da shi, qi zhe, huai yu nu zi shi. pu sa ci hui du wu ji xing bu shi ru shi."
