Sanskrit quote nr. 868 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अद्य स्वां जननीमकारणरुषा प्रातः सुदूरं गतां प्रत्यानेतुमितो गतो गृहपतिः क्षुत्वैव मध्यंदिने ।
पङ्गुत्वेन शरीरजर्जरतया प्रायः स लक्ष्याकृतिर् दृष्टोऽसौ भवता न किं पथिक हे स्थित्वा क्षणं कथ्यताम् ॥

adya svāṃ jananīmakāraṇaruṣā prātaḥ sudūraṃ gatāṃ pratyānetumito gato gṛhapatiḥ kṣutvaiva madhyaṃdine |
paṅgutvena śarīrajarjaratayā prāyaḥ sa lakṣyākṛtir dṛṣṭo'sau bhavatā na kiṃ pathika he sthitvā kṣaṇaṃ kathyatām ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Adya (अद्य): defined in 11 categories.
Janani (jananī, जननी): defined in 12 categories.
Akarana (akāraṇa, अकारण): defined in 6 categories.
Rush (rus, ruṣ, रुष्): defined in 4 categories.
Rusha (rusa, ruṣā, रुषा): defined in 4 categories.
Prata (prāta, प्रात): defined in 7 categories.
Sudura (sudūra, सुदूर): defined in 3 categories.
Gat (गत्): defined in 3 categories.
Gata (gatā, गता): defined in 10 categories.
Ita (इत): defined in 6 categories.
Grihapati (grhapati, gṛhapati, गृहपति): defined in 7 categories.
Madhyandina (मध्यन्दिन): defined in 6 categories.
Pangutva (paṅgutva, पङ्गुत्व): defined in 3 categories.
Shariraja (sariraja, śarīraja, शरीरज, śarīrajā, शरीरजा): defined in 2 categories.
Rata (ratā, रता): defined in 15 categories.
Praya (prāya, प्राय): defined in 8 categories.
Prayas (prāyas, प्रायस्): defined in 4 categories.
Lakshin (laksin, lakṣin, लक्षिन्): defined in 1 categories.
Lakshya (laksya, lakṣya, लक्ष्य, lakṣyā, लक्ष्या): defined in 9 categories.
Akriti (akrti, ākṛti, आकृति): defined in 13 categories.
Drishta (drsta, dṛṣṭa, दृष्ट): defined in 13 categories.
Asi (असि): defined in 16 categories.
Asu (असु): defined in 9 categories.
Adah (adaḥ, अदः): defined in 1 categories.
Bhavat (भवत्): defined in 4 categories.
Bhavant (भवन्त्): defined in 2 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Kim (किम्): defined in 4 categories.
Pathika (पथिक): defined in 8 categories.
Ha (ह, hā, हा): defined in 8 categories.
Sthitva (sthitvā, स्थित्वा): defined in 2 categories.
Kshanam (ksanam, kṣaṇam, क्षणम्): defined in 2 categories.
Kshana (ksana, kṣaṇa, क्षण): defined in 13 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Purana (epic history), Ayurveda (science of life), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Pali, Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Prakrit, Tamil, Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Nepali, Jainism, Dharmashastra (religious law), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Buddhism, India history, Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Kamashastra (the science of Love-making), Yoga (school of philosophy), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Shilpashastra (iconography), Kavya (poetry), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Dhanurveda (science of warfare), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “adya svāṃ jananīmakāraṇaruṣā prātaḥ sudūraṃ gatāṃ pratyānetumito gato gṛhapatiḥ kṣutvaiva madhyaṃdine”
adya -
adya (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

adya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

adya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
svām -
svā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
jananīm -
jananī (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
akāraṇa -
akāraṇa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

akāraṇa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
ruṣā -
ruṣ (noun, feminine)

[instrumental single]

ruṣā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
prātaḥ -
prāta (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√prā -> prāt (participle, masculine)

[accusative plural from √prā class 2 verb], [ablative single from √prā class 2 verb], [genitive single from √prā class 2 verb]

√prā -> prāt (participle, neuter)

[ablative single from √prā class 2 verb], [genitive single from √prā class 2 verb]

√prā (verb class 2)

[present active third dual]
sudūram -
sudūra (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

sudūra (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

sudūrā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
gatām -
gat (noun, masculine)

[genitive plural]

gat (noun, neuter)

[genitive plural]

gatā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
pratyā -
netum -
√nī -> netum (infinitive)

[infinitive from √nī]
ito* -
itaḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

ita (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√i -> ita (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √i class 2 verb]

√i (verb class 2)

[present active third dual]
gato* -
gat (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]

gat (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

gata (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
gṛhapatiḥ -
gṛhapati (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
kṣutvai -
√kṣu -> kṣutvā (absolutive)

[absolutive from √kṣu]
aiva -
√i (verb class 2)

[imperfect active first dual]
madhyandine -
madhyandina (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

madhyandina (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
Line 2: “paṅgutvena śarīrajarjaratayā prāyaḥ sa lakṣyākṛtir dṛṣṭo'sau bhavatā na kiṃ pathika he sthitvā kṣaṇaṃ kathyatām”
paṅgutvena -
paṅgutva (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
śarīrajar -
śarīraja (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

śarīraja (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

śarīrajā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
ṛja -
√ṛj (verb class 1)

[perfect active second plural]
ratayā -
ratā (noun, feminine)

[instrumental single]

√ram -> ratā (participle, feminine)

[instrumental single from √ram class 1 verb]
prāyaḥ -
prāyas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

prāya (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
sa -
sa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
lakṣyā -
lakṣin (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single]

lakṣin (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

lakṣya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

lakṣya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√lakṣ -> lakṣya (absolutive)

[absolutive from √lakṣ]

√lakṣ -> lakṣya (absolutive)

[absolutive from √lakṣ]

lakṣyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

√lakṣ -> lakṣya (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √lakṣ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √lakṣ class 10 verb]

√lakṣ -> lakṣya (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √lakṣ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √lakṣ class 10 verb]

√lakṣ -> lakṣyā (participle, feminine)

[nominative single from √lakṣ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √lakṣ class 10 verb]
ākṛtir -
ākṛti (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

ākṛti (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
dṛṣṭo' -
dṛṣṭa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√dṛś -> dṛṣṭa (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √dṛś class 1 verb]
asau -
asi (noun, feminine)

[locative single]

asi (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

asu (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

adaḥ (pronoun, masculine)

[nominative single]

adaḥ (pronoun, feminine)

[nominative single]
bhavatā -
bhavat (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

bhavat (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]

bhavant (pronoun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

bhavant (pronoun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
kim -
kim (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

kim (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kim (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
pathika -
pathika (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

pathika (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
he -
ha (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

ha (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

hā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√as (verb class 2)

[present middle first single]
sthitvā -
sthitvā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

√sthā -> sthitvā (absolutive)

[absolutive from √sthā]
kṣaṇam -
kṣaṇam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kṣaṇa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

kṣaṇa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
kathyatām -
√kath (verb class 10)

[imperative passive third single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 868 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 23 April, 2019