Sanskrit quote nr. 5454 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)
Sanskrit text:
आशा हि परमं दुःखं नैराश्यं परमं सुखम् ।
यथा सञ्छिद्य कान्ताशां सुखं सुष्वाप पिङ्गला ॥āśā hi paramaṃ duḥkhaṃ nairāśyaṃ paramaṃ sukham |
yathā sañchidya kāntāśāṃ sukhaṃ suṣvāpa piṅgalā ||
Index
Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.
Asha (asa, āśā, आशा, āśa, आश): defined in 17 categories.
Ashas (asas, āśas, आशस्): defined in 1 categories.
Hi (हि): defined in 7 categories.
Paramam (परमम्): defined in 2 categories.
Parama (परम): defined in 16 categories.
Duhkham (duḥkham, दुःखम्): defined in 1 categories.
Duhkha (duḥkha, दुःख): defined in 17 categories.
Nairashya (nairasya, nairāśya, नैराश्य): defined in 5 categories.
Sukham (सुखम्): defined in 1 categories.
Sukha (सुख): defined in 21 categories.
Yatha (yathā, यथा): defined in 6 categories.
Sat (सत्): defined in 7 categories.
Shi (si, śī, शी): defined in 6 categories.
Kanta (kānta, कान्त, kāntā, कान्ता): defined in 16 categories.
Pingala (piṅgalā, पिङ्गला): defined in 23 categories.
Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Jainism, Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Vastushastra (architecture), Purana (epic history), Yoga (school of philosophy), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Marathi, Prakrit, Hindi, Kannada, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Shilpashastra (iconography), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Buddhism, Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Ayurveda (science of life), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Vaisheshika (school of philosophy), Samkhya (school of philosophy), Nyaya (school of philosophy), Nepali, Hinduism, Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Kavya (poetry), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law)
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “āśā hi paramaṃ duḥkhaṃ nairāśyaṃ paramaṃ sukham”
- āśā* -
-
āśā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]āśas (noun, feminine)[nominative single]āśa (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]
- hi -
-
hi (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]
- paramam -
-
paramam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]parama (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]parama (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]paramā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- duḥkham -
-
duḥkham (indeclinable)[indeclinable]duḥkha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]duḥkha (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]duḥkhā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- nairāśyam -
-
nairāśya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- paramam -
-
paramam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]parama (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]parama (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]paramā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- sukham -
-
sukham (indeclinable)[indeclinable]sukha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]sukha (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]sukhā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- Line 2: “yathā sañchidya kāntāśāṃ sukhaṃ suṣvāpa piṅgalā”
- yathā -
-
yathā (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]yathā (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]yathā (indeclinable)[indeclinable]
- sañch -
-
sat (noun, masculine)[nominative single], [vocative single]
- śi -
-
śi (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]śī (noun, feminine)[adverb]śī (noun, masculine)[adverb]śī (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
- dya -
-
√dā (verb class 4)[imperative active second single]
- kāntā -
-
kānta (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]kānta (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]kāntā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]√kam -> kānta (participle, masculine)[vocative single from √kam class 1 verb]√kam -> kānta (participle, neuter)[vocative single from √kam class 1 verb]√kam -> kāntā (participle, feminine)[nominative single from √kam class 1 verb]
- aśām -
-
√śā (verb class 3)[aorist active first single]√śā (verb class 4)[aorist active first single]
- sukham -
-
sukham (indeclinable)[indeclinable]sukha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]sukha (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]sukhā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- suṣvāpa -
-
√svap (verb class 2)[perfect active first single], [perfect active third single]
- piṅgalā -
-
piṅgalā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
buy this bookThis quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.
It has serial number 5454 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)
Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.