Sanskrit quote nr. 5372 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)
Sanskrit text:
आवर्त इव तोयस्य ज्ञानावर्तो यदाकुलः ।
चित्तमास कृतावर्तम् उपसर्गः स उच्यते ॥āvarta iva toyasya jñānāvarto yadākulaḥ |
cittamāsa kṛtāvartam upasargaḥ sa ucyate ||
Index
Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.
Avarta (āvarta, आवर्त): defined in 13 categories.
Iva (इव): defined in 4 categories.
Toya (तोय): defined in 12 categories.
Jnana (jñāna, ज्ञान, jñānā, ज्ञाना): defined in 17 categories.
Yada (yadā, यदा): defined in 5 categories.
Yad (यद्): defined in 3 categories.
Akula (अकुल): defined in 8 categories.
Citta (चित्त): defined in 22 categories.
Krit (krt, kṛt, कृत्): defined in 3 categories.
Krita (krta, kṛta, कृत): defined in 16 categories.
Kriti (krti, kṛti, कृति): defined in 14 categories.
Ritam (rtam, ṛtam, ऋतम्): defined in 1 categories.
Rita (rta, ṛta, ऋत): defined in 10 categories.
Upasarga (उपसर्ग): defined in 12 categories.
Sah (saḥ, सः): defined in 4 categories.
Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Jainism, Sanskrit, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Purana (epic history), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Nepali, Pali, Prakrit, Yoga (school of philosophy), Ayurveda (science of life), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Biology (plants and animals), Buddhism, Hinduism, Vastushastra (architecture), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Buddhist philosophy, Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Shaiva philosophy, Arts (wordly enjoyments), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Kavya (poetry), Dharmashastra (religious law), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Arthashastra (politics and welfare), Nirukta (Sanskrit etymology)
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “āvarta iva toyasya jñānāvarto yadākulaḥ”
- āvarta* -
-
āvarta (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- iva -
-
iva (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]iva (indeclinable)[indeclinable]
- toyasya -
-
toya (noun, neuter)[genitive single]
- jñānā -
-
jñāna (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]jñānā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- avarto* -
-
√vṛt (verb class 1)[imperfect active second single]
- yadā -
-
yadā (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]yadā (indeclinable relative)[indeclinable relative]yadā (indeclinable)[indeclinable]yad (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]
- akulaḥ -
-
akula (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- Line 2: “cittamāsa kṛtāvartam upasargaḥ sa ucyate”
- cittam -
-
citta (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]citta (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]cittā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√cit (verb class 2)[imperative active second dual]
- āsa -
-
āsa (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]āsa (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]āsan (noun, neuter)[compound]√as (verb class 2)[perfect active first single], [perfect active second plural], [perfect active third single]√as (verb class 4)[perfect active first single], [perfect active second plural], [perfect active third single]
- kṛtāva -
-
kṛt (noun, masculine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]kṛta (noun, masculine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]kṛti (noun, feminine)[locative single]kṛti (noun, masculine)[locative single]√kṛ -> kṛta (participle, masculine)[nominative dual from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √kṛ class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √kṛ class 1 verb], [nominative dual from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative dual from √kṛ class 2 verb], [accusative dual from √kṛ class 2 verb], [nominative dual from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative dual from √kṛ class 5 verb], [accusative dual from √kṛ class 5 verb], [nominative dual from √kṛ class 8 verb], [vocative dual from √kṛ class 8 verb], [accusative dual from √kṛ class 8 verb]
- ar -
-
a (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]ṛ (noun, feminine)[nominative single]ṛ (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- ṛtam -
-
ṛtam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]ṛta (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]ṛta (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]ṛtā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- upasargaḥ -
-
upasarga (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- sa* -
-
saḥ (indeclinable correlative)[indeclinable correlative]sa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- ucyate -
-
√uc -> ucyat (participle, masculine)[dative single from √uc class 4 verb]√uc -> ucyat (participle, neuter)[dative single from √uc class 4 verb]√vac (verb class 2)[present passive third single]√vac (verb class 3)[present passive third single]
About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
buy this bookThis quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.
It has serial number 5372 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)
Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.