Sanskrit quote nr. 1171 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अध्वन्यान् कति रुन्धते कति दृधान् भिन्दन्ति तोयाकरान् केदारान् कति यज्जयन्ति कति च व्यापाटयन्ति द्रुमान् ।
वाहिन्यः क्षणलुप्तवारिविभवा वन्या अवन्यामिमा यः सिन्धुः सकलाश्रयः स तु पुनः कुत्रेति न ज्ञायते ॥

adhvanyān kati rundhate kati dṛdhān bhindanti toyākarān kedārān kati yajjayanti kati ca vyāpāṭayanti drumān |
vāhinyaḥ kṣaṇaluptavārivibhavā vanyā avanyāmimā yaḥ sindhuḥ sakalāśrayaḥ sa tu punaḥ kutreti na jñāyate ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Adhvanya (अध्वन्य): defined in 2 categories.
Rundhat (रुन्धत्): defined in 1 categories.
Toya (तोय): defined in 12 categories.
Akara (अकर): defined in 20 categories.
Kedara (kedāra, केदार): defined in 9 categories.
Ca (च): defined in 9 categories.
Druma (द्रुम): defined in 13 categories.
Drumat (द्रुमत्): defined in 1 categories.
Vahini (vāhinī, वाहिनी): defined in 11 categories.
Kshana (ksana, kṣaṇa, क्षण): defined in 13 categories.
Lupta (लुप्त): defined in 6 categories.
Var (vār, वार्): defined in 6 categories.
Vari (vāri, वारि, vārī, वारी): defined in 18 categories.
Vibhava (विभव, vibhavā, विभवा): defined in 21 categories.
Vani (वनि, vanī, वनी): defined in 15 categories.
Vanya (वन्य, vanyā, वन्या): defined in 7 categories.
Avani (avanī, अवनी): defined in 12 categories.
Iyam (इयम्): defined in 3 categories.
Idam (इदम्): defined in 3 categories.
Yah (yaḥ, यः): defined in 1 categories.
Ya (य): defined in 10 categories.
Sindhu (सिन्धु): defined in 18 categories.
Ashri (asri, aśri, अश्रि): defined in 4 categories.
Tu (तु): defined in 6 categories.
Pu (पु, pū, पू): defined in 7 categories.
Puna (पुन): defined in 6 categories.
Kutra (कुत्र): defined in 4 categories.
Iti (इति): defined in 6 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Kannada, Pali, Purana (epic history), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ayurveda (science of life), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Marathi, Prakrit, Hindi, Biology (plants and animals), Buddhism, Jainism, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Kavya (poetry), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Kamashastra (the science of Love-making), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Tamil, Nepali, Vastushastra (architecture), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Hinduism, Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Shilpashastra (iconography), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Kavyashastra (science of poetry), Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “adhvanyān kati rundhate kati dṛdhān bhindanti toyākarān kedārān kati yajjayanti kati ca vyāpāṭayanti drumān”
adhvanyān -
adhvanya (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
kati -
kati (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]
rundhate -
√rudh -> rundhat (participle, masculine)

[dative single from √rudh class 7 verb]

√rudh -> rundhat (participle, neuter)

[dative single from √rudh class 7 verb]

√rudh (verb class 7)

[present middle third plural]
kati -
kati (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]
Cannot analyse dṛdhān*bh
bhindanti -
√bhid (verb class 7)

[present active third plural]
toyā -
toya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
akarān -
akara (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
kedārān -
kedāra (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
kati -
kati (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]
Cannot analyse yajjayanti*ka
kati -
kati (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
Cannot analyse vyāpāṭayanti*dr
drumān -
druma (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]

drumat (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
Line 2: “vāhinyaḥ kṣaṇaluptavārivibhavā vanyā avanyāmimā yaḥ sindhuḥ sakalāśrayaḥ sa tu punaḥ kutreti na jñāyate”
vāhinyaḥ -
vāhinī (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]
kṣaṇa -
kṣaṇa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

kṣaṇa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
lupta -
lupta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

lupta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√lup -> lupta (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √lup class 4 verb], [vocative single from √lup class 6 verb]

√lup -> lupta (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √lup class 4 verb], [vocative single from √lup class 6 verb]
vāri -
vāri (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

vāri (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

vārī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]

vār (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

vār (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
vibhavā* -
vibhava (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

vibhavā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
vanyā* -
vani (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

vanī (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

vanya (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

vanyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
avanyām -
avanī (noun, feminine)

[locative single]

avani (noun, feminine)

[locative single]
imā* -
iyam (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [accusative plural]

idam (pronoun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [accusative plural]
yaḥ -
yaḥ (indeclinable relative)

[indeclinable relative]

ya (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)

[nominative single]
sindhuḥ -
sindhu (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
sakalā -
sakala (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

sakala (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

sakalā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
aśrayaḥ -
aśri (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

√śri (verb class 1)

[imperfect active second single]
sa -
sa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
tu -
tu (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]
punaḥ -
pu (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

puna (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

pū (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
kutre -
kutra (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

kutra (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
iti -
iti (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

iti (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
jñāyate -
√jñā (verb class 3)

[present passive third single]

√jñā (verb class 9)

[present passive third single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

buy this book

This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 1171 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

< Back to list with quotes

Last Updated: 24 April, 2019