Sanskrit quote nr. 1145 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)
Sanskrit text:
अधोऽर्धे वर्ण एकः स्याद् ऊर्ध्वार्धे भिन्नवर्णकः ।
वर्णसंकरवान् खड्गो नृपाणां भयवर्धनः ॥adho'rdhe varṇa ekaḥ syād ūrdhvārdhe bhinnavarṇakaḥ |
varṇasaṃkaravān khaḍgo nṛpāṇāṃ bhayavardhanaḥ ||
Index
Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.
Ardhe (अर्धे): defined in 1 categories.
Ardha (अर्ध, ardhā, अर्धा): defined in 8 categories.
Varna (varṇa, वर्ण): defined in 27 categories.
Eka (एक): defined in 16 categories.
Syat (syāt, स्यात्): defined in 2 categories.
Sya (स्य): defined in 3 categories.
Urdhva (ūrdhva, ऊर्ध्व, ūrdhvā, ऊर्ध्वा): defined in 12 categories.
Bhinnavarna (bhinnavarṇa, भिन्नवर्ण): defined in 2 categories.
Ka (क): defined in 15 categories.
Varnasankara (varṇasaṅkara, वर्णसङ्कर): defined in 4 categories.
Va (व): defined in 11 categories.
Vat (vāt, वात्): defined in 6 categories.
Khadga (khaḍga, खड्ग): defined in 20 categories.
Nripa (nrpa, nṛpa, नृप): defined in 13 categories.
Nripana (nrpana, nṛpāṇā, नृपाणा): defined in 1 categories.
Bhaya (भय): defined in 21 categories.
Vardhana (वर्धन): defined in 7 categories.
Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Hinduism, Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Nepali, Buddhism, Jainism, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Shilpashastra (iconography), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Purana (epic history), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Kavya (poetry), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ayurveda (science of life), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras), Pali, Samkhya (school of philosophy), Biology (plants and animals), Jain philosophy, Arts (wordly enjoyments), Tamil, Prakrit, Vastushastra (architecture), Arthashastra (politics and welfare), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “adho'rdhe varṇa ekaḥ syād ūrdhvārdhe bhinnavarṇakaḥ”
- adho' -
-
adhaḥ (indeclinable preposition)[indeclinable preposition]adhaḥ (indeclinable)[indeclinable]
- ardhe -
-
ardhe (indeclinable)[indeclinable]ardha (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [locative single]ardha (noun, neuter)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]ardhā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
- varṇa* -
-
varṇa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- ekaḥ -
-
eka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- syād -
-
syāt (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]syāt (indeclinable)[indeclinable]sya (noun, neuter)[adverb], [ablative single]√as (verb class 2)[optative active third single]
- ūrdhvā -
-
ūrdhva (indeclinable preposition)[indeclinable preposition]ūrdhva (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ūrdhva (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]ūrdhvā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- ardhe -
-
ardhe (indeclinable)[indeclinable]ardha (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [locative single]ardha (noun, neuter)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]ardhā (noun, feminine)[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
- bhinnavarṇa -
-
bhinnavarṇa (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]bhinnavarṇa (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- kaḥ -
-
kaḥ (indeclinable interrogative)[indeclinable interrogative]ka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]kaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[nominative single]
- Line 2: “varṇasaṃkaravān khaḍgo nṛpāṇāṃ bhayavardhanaḥ”
- varṇasaṅkara -
-
varṇasaṅkara (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]
- vān -
-
va (noun, masculine)[accusative plural]√vā -> vāt (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √vā class 2 verb], [vocative single from √vā class 2 verb]√vā -> vāt (participle, masculine)[nominative single from √vā class 1 verb], [vocative single from √vā class 1 verb]
- khaḍgo* -
-
khaḍga (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- nṛpāṇām -
-
nṛpa (noun, masculine)[genitive plural]nṛpāṇā (noun, feminine)[accusative single]
- bhaya -
-
bhaya (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]bhaya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]√bhī (verb class 1)[imperative active second single]
- vardhanaḥ -
-
vardhana (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
buy this bookThis quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.
It has serial number 1145 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)
Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.