Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana

by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words

Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...

(2) [One entity is in many places simultaneously:]

राधाग्रतश् च पुरतोऽपि च पार्श्वतश् च श्रोत्रे च चक्षुषि च वाचि च मानसे च ।
केनाध्वनैष मदनो हृदि मे प्रविश्य मां हन्ति हन्त किम् इयं न निराचकार ॥

rādhāgrataś ca purato'pi ca pārśvataś ca śrotre ca cakṣuṣi ca vāci ca mānase ca |
kenādhvanaiṣa madano hṛdi me praviśya māṃ hanti hanta kim iyaṃ na nirācakāra ||

rādhā—Rādhā; agrataḥ—in front; ca—and; purataḥ—in front; api—also; ca—and; pārśvataḥ—on the side; ca—and; śrotre—in the ears; ca—and; cakṣuṣi—in the eyes; ca—and; vāci—in the speech; ca—and; mānase—in the heart; ca—and; kena—by which; adhvanā— path; eṣaḥ—this; madanaḥ—Cupid; hṛdi me—in My heart; praviśya—after entering; mām—me; hanti—hurts; hanta—alas; kim—why; iyam—She; na nirācakāra—did not drive away.

Rādhā is in front of Me; She is at My side, and behind Me too. She is in My ears, in My eyes, in My speech and in My heart. Gosh, by which path has Cupid entered My heart to torment Me? And why hasn’t She driven him away? (Alaṅkāra-kaustubha 8.287)

paryāye kramād ekasyānekatra vṛttir iha tu yugapad iti bhedaḥ.

The difference between viśeṣa and paryāya (sequence) (10.168) is that in paryāya one entity is in more than one place in succession, whereas in viśeṣa, one entity is in more than one place at the same time.

Commentary:

This is Jagannātha’s illustration:

nayane sudṛśāṃ puro ripūṇāṃ vacane vaśya-girāṃ mahā-kavīnām |
mithilā-pati-nandinī-bhujāntaḥsthita eva sthitim āpa rāma-candraḥ ||

“Even while being in Sītā’s arms, Rāmacandra was in the mental eye of beautiful women, in the thoughts of enemies, and in the language of great poets who master words” (Rasa-gaṅgādhara, KM p. 457).

This is Mammaṭa’s example:

sā vasati tava hṛdaye saivākṣṇoḥ saiva vacaneṣu |
asmādṛśāṃ sundara avakāśaḥ kutra pāpānām || (Sanskrit rendering)

“Beautiful man, she abides in your heart, in your eyes and in your speech. How could she possibly find an opportunity to be in the minds of imperfect beings like us?” (Kāvya-prakāśa verse 560)

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