Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.189.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्रिं॒शद्धाम॒ वि रा॑जति॒ वाक्प॑तं॒गाय॑ धीयते । प्रति॒ वस्तो॒रह॒ द्युभि॑: ॥
त्रिंशद्धाम वि राजति वाक्पतंगाय धीयते । प्रति वस्तोरह द्युभिः ॥
triṃśad dhāma vi rājati vāk pataṃgāya dhīyate | prati vastor aha dyubhiḥ ||

English translation:

“The thirty stations of the day and night shine with (the sun's) rays, the gvoice (of praise) is addressedto the Sun.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Sun's rays: dhāma = related to duration of time: he shines for thirty stations (or ghaṭis, one ghaṭi =24 minutes) in the day;

Stations = muhūrtas, or periods of 48 minutes; voice of praise: pataṅga = agni;

Dhāma= either 30 muhūrtas (making up 24 hours), or as the thirty days of the month during every one of which thediligent yajamāna sacrifices

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): sārparājñī;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): sārparājñī sūryo vā ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्रिं॒शत् । धाम॑ । वि । रा॒ज॒ति॒ । वाक् । प॒त॒ङ्गाय॑ । धी॒य॒ते॒ । प्रति॑ । वस्तोः॑ । अह॑ । द्युऽभिः॑ ॥
त्रिंशत् । धाम । वि । राजति । वाक् । पतङ्गाय । धीयते । प्रति । वस्तोः । अह । द्युभिः ॥
triṃśat | dhāma | vi | rājati | vāk | pataṅgāya | dhīyate | prati | vastoḥ | aha | dyu-bh iḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.189.3 English analysis of grammar]

triṃśad < triṃśat

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“thirty; triṃśat [word].”

dhāma < dhāman

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“domain; dwelling; law; appearance; light; race; agreement; color; location.”

vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

rājati < rāj

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“govern; shine; glitter; direct.”

vāk < vāc

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”

pataṅgāya < pataṃga

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“insect; sun; bird; Caesalpinia sappan L.; Pataṃga; Vishnu.”

dhīyate < dhā

[verb], singular, Indikativ Pr¦s. Passiv

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

prati

[adverb]

“towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”

vastor < vastoḥ < vastu

[noun], ablative, singular, feminine

“dawn.”

aha

[adverb]

“aha [word]; indeed.”

dyubhiḥ < div

[noun], instrumental, plural

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

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