Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.31.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
नित्य॑श्चाकन्या॒त्स्वप॑ति॒र्दमू॑ना॒ यस्मा॑ उ दे॒वः स॑वि॒ता ज॒जान॑ । भगो॑ वा॒ गोभि॑रर्य॒मेम॑नज्या॒त्सो अ॑स्मै॒ चारु॑श्छदयदु॒त स्या॑त् ॥
नित्यश्चाकन्यात्स्वपतिर्दमूना यस्मा उ देवः सविता जजान । भगो वा गोभिरर्यमेमनज्यात्सो अस्मै चारुश्छदयदुत स्यात् ॥
nityaś cākanyāt svapatir damūnā yasmā u devaḥ savitā jajāna | bhago vā gobhir aryamem anajyāt so asmai cāruś chadayad uta syāt ||
English translation:
“May the eternal (Prajāpati), the lord of wealth, of genitive rous mind, be willing to bestow (benefits onhim) to whom the divine Savitā has given birth; may Bhaga (induced) by (our) praises, and the divine Aryamanunfold (future rewards); or may some (other) gracious (divinity) be inclined to favour this (instrumental tutor of the rite).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kavaṣa ailūṣaḥ [kavaṣa ailūṣa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
नित्यः॑ । चा॒क॒न्या॒त् । स्वऽप॑तिः । दमू॑नाः । यस्मै॑ । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । दे॒वः । स॒वि॒ता । ज॒जान॑ । भगः॑ । वा॒ । गोभिः॑ । अ॒र्य॒मा । ई॒म् । अ॒न॒ज्या॒त् । सः । अ॒स्मै॒ । चारुः॑ । छ॒द॒य॒त् । उ॒त । स्या॒त् ॥
नित्यः । चाकन्यात् । स्वपतिः । दमूनाः । यस्मै । ऊँ इति । देवः । सविता । जजान । भगः । वा । गोभिः । अर्यमा । ईम् । अनज्यात् । सः । अस्मै । चारुः । छदयत् । उत । स्यात् ॥
nityaḥ | cākanyāt | sva-patiḥ | damūnāḥ | yasmai | oṃ iti | devaḥ | savitā | jajāna | bhagaḥ | vā | gobhiḥ | aryamā | īm | anajyāt | saḥ | asmai | cāruḥ | chadayat | uta | syāt
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.31.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“continuous; own(a); changeless; everlasting; continual; devoted(p); permanent; obligatory; continuing; indispensable; native; addicted; connatural; necessary; durable; ageless; invariable; biological.”
[verb], singular, Perfect optative
“like; delight; desire.”
[noun]
“own(a); respective(a); akin(p); sva [word]; individual; present(a); independent.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“master.”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Savitar; sun; Surya; Savitṛ.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Bhaga; vulva; good fortune; vagina; bhaga [word]; sun; well-being; happiness; overlord.”
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Aryaman; aryaman [word]; sun.”
[adverb]
[verb], singular, Perfect optative
“smear; anoint; mix; color.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“pleasant; beautiful; beloved; agreeable; cāru [word].”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“look.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[verb], singular, Present optative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”