Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 9.93.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सा॒क॒मुक्षो॑ मर्जयन्त॒ स्वसा॑रो॒ दश॒ धीर॑स्य धी॒तयो॒ धनु॑त्रीः । हरि॒: पर्य॑द्रव॒ज्जाः सूर्य॑स्य॒ द्रोणं॑ ननक्षे॒ अत्यो॒ न वा॒जी ॥
साकमुक्षो मर्जयन्त स्वसारो दश धीरस्य धीतयो धनुत्रीः । हरिः पर्यद्रवज्जाः सूर्यस्य द्रोणं ननक्षे अत्यो न वाजी ॥
sākamukṣo marjayanta svasāro daśa dhīrasya dhītayo dhanutrīḥ | hariḥ pary adravaj jāḥ sūryasya droṇaṃ nanakṣe atyo na vājī ||
English translation:
“The sister (fingers) sprinkling together cleanse (the Soma), the ten fingers (are) the efffuse of the sagacious (Soma); the green-tinted one flows round the wives of the sun, he hastens like a swift horse to the pitcher.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The wives of the sun: jaḥ = jayaḥ; the quarters of the horizon are called the sun's wives because they are made manifest by the light of the sun
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nodhāḥ;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सा॒क॒म्ऽउक्षः॑ । म॒र्ज॒य॒न्त॒ । स्वसा॑रः । दश॑ । धीर॑स्य । धी॒तयः॑ । धनु॑त्रीः । हरिः॑ । परि॑ । अ॒द्र॒व॒त् । जाः । सूर्य॑स्य । द्रोण॑म् । न॒न॒क्षे॒ । अत्यः॑ । न । वा॒जी ॥
साकम्उक्षः । मर्जयन्त । स्वसारः । दश । धीरस्य । धीतयः । धनुत्रीः । हरिः । परि । अद्रवत् । जाः । सूर्यस्य । द्रोणम् । ननक्षे । अत्यः । न । वाजी ॥
sākam-ukṣaḥ | marjayanta | svasāraḥ | daśa | dhīrasya | dhītayaḥ | dhanutrīḥ | hariḥ | pari | adravat | jāḥ | sūryasya | droṇam | nanakṣe | atyaḥ | na | vājī
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 9.93.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
[verb], plural, Present injunctive
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“sister; svasṛ [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“ten; tenth; daśan [word].”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“expert; wise; intelligent; versed; adept.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“thinking; prayer; understanding.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“reddish brown; yellow; pale; yellow; aureate.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“liquefy; melt; melt; flee; run; run; vanish; run; rush; dissolve; dissolve.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“child; jā; being.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Droṇa; Droṇa; Droṇa; droṇa [word]; raven.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“reach; approach.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“horse; steed.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“victorious; triumphant; strong; gainful.”