Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.91.7
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
खे रथ॑स्य॒ खेऽन॑स॒: खे यु॒गस्य॑ शतक्रतो । अ॒पा॒लामि॑न्द्र॒ त्रिष्पू॒त्व्यकृ॑णो॒: सूर्य॑त्वचम् ॥
खे रथस्य खेऽनसः खे युगस्य शतक्रतो । अपालामिन्द्र त्रिष्पूत्व्यकृणोः सूर्यत्वचम् ॥
khe rathasya khe 'nasaḥ khe yugasya śatakrato | apālām indra triṣ pūtvy akṛṇoḥ sūryatvacam ||
English translation:
“Thice, Śatakratu, did you purify Apālā, in the hole of the chariot, in the hole of the cart, and in thehole of the yoke, and you did make here with a skin splendent like the sun.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Thrice did you purify: Indra draggedher through the wide hole of his chariot, the narrower hole of the cart, and the small hole of the yoke, and shecast off three skins. The first skin became a hedge-hog, the second an alligator, the third a chameleon
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): apālātreyī;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛdanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
खे । रथ॑स्य । खे । अन॑सः । खे । यु॒गस्य॑ । श॒त॒क्र॒तो॒ इति॑ शतऽक्रतो । अ॒पा॒लाम् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । त्रिः । पू॒त्वी । अकृ॑णोः । सूर्य॑ऽत्वचम् ॥
खे । रथस्य । खे । अनसः । खे । युगस्य । शतक्रतो इति शतक्रतो । अपालाम् । इन्द्र । त्रिः । पूत्वी । अकृणोः । सूर्यत्वचम् ॥
khe | rathasya | khe | anasaḥ | khe | yugasya | śatakrato itiśata-krato | apālām | indra | triḥ | pūtvī | akṛṇoḥ | sūrya-tvacam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.91.7 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“sky; abhra; orifice; ākāśa; hub; aperture; air; hollow; cavity; air.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“sky; abhra; orifice; ākāśa; hub; aperture; air; hollow; cavity; air.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“cart; anas [word].”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“sky; abhra; orifice; ākāśa; hub; aperture; air; hollow; cavity; air.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“Yuga; yoke; couple; coevals; generation; lustrum; two; pair; yuga [word]; Yuga; race.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“Apālā.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“thrice; tris [word].”
[verb noun]
“purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“skin; bark; peel; hide; complexion; hide; Rasa; rind.”