Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 7.104.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सु॒वि॒ज्ञा॒नं चि॑कि॒तुषे॒ जना॑य॒ सच्चास॑च्च॒ वच॑सी पस्पृधाते । तयो॒र्यत्स॒त्यं य॑त॒रदृजी॑य॒स्तदित्सोमो॑ऽवति॒ हन्त्यास॑त् ॥
सुविज्ञानं चिकितुषे जनाय सच्चासच्च वचसी पस्पृधाते । तयोर्यत्सत्यं यतरदृजीयस्तदित्सोमोऽवति हन्त्यासत् ॥
suvijñānaṃ cikituṣe janāya sac cāsac ca vacasī paspṛdhāte | tayor yat satyaṃ yatarad ṛjīyas tad it somo 'vati hanty āsat ||
English translation:
“To the understanding man there is perfect discrimination, the words of truth and falsehood are mutuallyat variance; of these two, Soma verily cherishes that which is true and right; he destroys the false.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Thepreceding verses are considered to be malediction upon the rākṣasas by the ṛṣi. A legend from theMahābhārata is recounted: king kalmaṣapāda was transformed into a rākṣasa when he devoured the 100sons of Vasiṣṭha. Thereafter, the rākṣasa assumed the shape of the ṛṣi and said to him: "I am Vasiṣṭha, youare the rākṣasa". Vasiṣṭha replied by repeating this verse declaratory of his discriminating between truth andfalsehood; to the understanding man = to the understanding man truth and falsehood are easily discriminate,their words are mutually at variance
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सु॒ऽवि॒ज्ञा॒नम् । चि॒कि॒तुषे॑ । जना॑य । सत् । च॒ । अस॑त् । च॒ । वच॑सी॒ इति॑ । प॒स्पृ॒धा॒ते॒ इति॑ । तयोः॑ । यत् । स॒त्यम् । य॒त॒रत् । ऋजी॑यः । तत् । इत् । सोमः॑ । अ॒व॒ति॒ । हन्ति॑ । अस॑त् ॥
सुविज्ञानम् । चिकितुषे । जनाय । सत् । च । असत् । च । वचसी इति । पस्पृधाते इति । तयोः । यत् । सत्यम् । यतरत् । ऋजीयः । तत् । इत् । सोमः । अवति । हन्ति । असत् ॥
su-vijñānam | cikituṣe | janāya | sat | ca | asat | ca | vacasī iti | paspṛdhāteiti | tayoḥ | yat | satyam | yatarat | ṛjīyaḥ | tat | it | somaḥ | avati | hanti | asat
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 7.104.12 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“knowledge; intelligence; comprehension; wisdom; understanding; detection; proficiency; diagnosis; reason; skill; mind; comprehension.”
[verb noun], dative, singular
“notice; observe; attend to; intend.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“good; good; real; existent; virtuous; sat [prefix]; real.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“nonexistent; bad; wrong; wrong; asat [prefix]; dissident; fake.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], nominative, dual, neuter
“statement; command; speech; words; advice; word; voice.”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“rival.”
[noun], genitive, dual, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“true; real; real; faithful; good.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“nonexistent; bad; wrong; wrong; asat [prefix]; dissident; fake.”