Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.40.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स्व॑र्भानो॒रध॒ यदि॑न्द्र मा॒या अ॒वो दि॒वो वर्त॑माना अ॒वाह॑न् । गू॒ळ्हं सूर्यं॒ तम॒साप॑व्रतेन तु॒रीये॑ण॒ ब्रह्म॑णाविन्द॒दत्रि॑: ॥
स्वर्भानोरध यदिन्द्र माया अवो दिवो वर्तमाना अवाहन् । गूळ्हं सूर्यं तमसापव्रतेन तुरीयेण ब्रह्मणाविन्ददत्रिः ॥
svarbhānor adha yad indra māyā avo divo vartamānā avāhan | gūḻhaṃ sūryaṃ tamasāpavratena turīyeṇa brahmaṇāvindad atriḥ ||
English translation:
“When, Indra, you were dissipating those illusions of Svarbhānu which were spread below the sun, then Atri, by his fourth sacred prayer, discovered the sun concealed by the darkness impeding his functions.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
I.e., by the four stanzas of this sūkta from the fifth to the eighth
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): atriḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdanuṣṭup;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स्वः॑ऽभानोः । अध॑ । यत् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । मा॒या । अ॒वः । दि॒वः । वर्त॑मानाः । अ॒व॒ऽअह॑न् । गू॒ळ्हम् । सूर्य॑म् । तम॑सा । अप॑ऽव्रतेन । तु॒रीये॑ण । ब्रह्म॑णा । अ॒वि॒न्द॒त् । अत्रिः॑ ॥
स्वःभानोः । अध । यत् । इन्द्र । माया । अवः । दिवः । वर्तमानाः । अवअहन् । गूळ्हम् । सूर्यम् । तमसा । अपव्रतेन । तुरीयेण । ब्रह्मणा । अविन्दत् । अत्रिः ॥
svaḥ-bhānoḥ | adha | yat | indra | māyā | avaḥ | divaḥ | vartamānāḥ | ava-ahan | gūḷham | sūryam | tamasā | apa-vratena | turīyeṇa | brahmaṇā | avindat | atri ḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.40.6 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Rahu.”
[adverb]
“then; and; therefore; now.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“magic trick; Māyā; deception; illusion; māyā [word]; disguise; trick.”
[adverb]
“down.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[verb noun], accusative, plural
“behave; happen; exist; return; dwell; die; roll; continue; act; exist; feed on; issue; move; travel; proceed; turn; situate; drive; account for; begin; do; inhere; revolve.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“thrash; strike.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“hide; cover; conceal; shroud; obscure.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“lawless; faithless.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“fourth.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“find; detect; marry; get; think.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Atri; Atri; atri [word].”