Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.51.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कु॒वित्स दे॑वीः स॒नयो॒ नवो॑ वा॒ यामो॑ बभू॒यादु॑षसो वो अ॒द्य । येना॒ नव॑ग्वे॒ अङ्गि॑रे॒ दश॑ग्वे स॒प्तास्ये॑ रेवती रे॒वदू॒ष ॥
कुवित्स देवीः सनयो नवो वा यामो बभूयादुषसो वो अद्य । येना नवग्वे अङ्गिरे दशग्वे सप्तास्ये रेवती रेवदूष ॥
kuvit sa devīḥ sanayo navo vā yāmo babhūyād uṣaso vo adya | yenā navagve aṅgire daśagve saptāsye revatī revad ūṣa ||
English translation:
“Divine Dawns, may your chariot, whether old or new, be frequent at this day's (worship), wherewith, affluent Dawns, possessing riches, (you shine) upon the seven-mouthed (troop of the) Aṅgirasas, the observers of the nine or ten days' rite.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Seven-mouthed aṅgirasas: repeating the seven vedic metres; nine or ten days rites: cf. RV. 10.62.6
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): uṣāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कु॒वित् । सः । दे॒वीः॒ । स॒नयः॑ । नवः॑ । वा॒ । यामः॑ । ब॒भू॒यात् । उ॒ष॒सः॒ । वः॒ । अ॒द्य । येन॑ । नव॑ऽग्वे । अङ्गि॑रे । दश॑ऽग्वे । स॒प्तऽआ॑स्ये । रे॒व॒तीः॒ । रे॒वत् । ऊ॒ष ॥
कुवित् । सः । देवीः । सनयः । नवः । वा । यामः । बभूयात् । उषसः । वः । अद्य । येन । नवग्वे । अङ्गिरे । दशग्वे । सप्तआस्ये । रेवतीः । रेवत् । ऊष ॥
kuvit | saḥ | devīḥ | sanayaḥ | navaḥ | vā | yāmaḥ | babhūyāt | uṣasaḥ | vaḥ | adya | yena | nava-gve | aṅgire | daśa-gve | sapta-āsye | revatīḥ | revat | ūṣa
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.51.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“surely; indeed.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], vocative, plural, feminine
“divine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“age-old; old.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“new; fresh; young; matutinal; recent; nava [word]; modern; fresh.”
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“prahara; watch; travel; path.”
[verb], singular, Perfect conjunctive (subj.)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], vocative, plural, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“you.”
[adverb]
“now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“Navagva.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
[noun]
“seven; seventh.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“mouth; mouth; aperture; face; mukha; jaw; point.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“abundant; rich; affluent; brilliant; brilliant.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“abundant; rich; affluent; brilliant; brilliant.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“dawn; shine.”