Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 2.11.18

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

धि॒ष्वा शव॑: शूर॒ येन॑ वृ॒त्रम॒वाभि॑न॒द्दानु॑मौर्णवा॒भम् । अपा॑वृणो॒र्ज्योति॒रार्या॑य॒ नि स॑व्य॒तः सा॑दि॒ दस्यु॑रिन्द्र ॥
धिष्वा शवः शूर येन वृत्रमवाभिनद्दानुमौर्णवाभम् । अपावृणोर्ज्योतिरार्याय नि सव्यतः सादि दस्युरिन्द्र ॥
dhiṣvā śavaḥ śūra yena vṛtram avābhinad dānum aurṇavābham | apāvṛṇor jyotir āryāya ni savyataḥ sādi dasyur indra ||

English translation:

Indra, hero, keep up the strength wherewith you have crushed Vṛtra, the spider-like son of Dānu, and let open the light to the Ārya; the Dasyu has been set aside on your left hand.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The spider-like son of Dānu: dānum aurṇavābham: aurṇavābham = aurṇanābham;

Aurṇa = a spider;

Ābha = resembling

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛtpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

धि॒ष्व । शवः॑ । शू॒र॒ । येन॑ । वृ॒त्रम् । अ॒व॒ऽअभि॑नत् । दानु॑म् । औ॒र्ण॒ऽवा॒भम् । अप॑ । अ॒वृ॒णोः॒ । ज्योतिः॑ । आर्या॑य । नि । स॒व्य॒तः । सा॒दि॒ । दस्युः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ ॥
धिष्व । शवः । शूर । येन । वृत्रम् । अवअभिनत् । दानुम् । और्णवाभम् । अप । अवृणोः । ज्योतिः । आर्याय । नि । सव्यतः । सादि । दस्युः । इन्द्र ॥
dhiṣva | śavaḥ | śūra | yena | vṛtram | ava-abhinat | dānum | aurṇa-vābham | apa | avṛṇoḥ | jyotiḥ | āryāya | ni | savyataḥ | sādi | dasyuḥ | indra

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 2.11.18 English analysis of grammar]

dhiṣvā < dhā

[verb], singular, Aorist imperative

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

śavaḥ < śavas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“strength; power; superiority.”

śūra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”

yena < yad

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

vṛtram < vṛtra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”

avābhinad < avābhinat < avabhid < √bhid

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“pierce; slash.”

dānum < dānu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

aurṇavābham < aurṇavābha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

apāvṛṇor < apāvṛṇoḥ < apāvṛ < √vṛ

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“open; gape.”

jyotir < jyotiḥ < jyotis

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”

āryāya < ārya

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Ārya; Ārya.”

ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

savyataḥ < savyatas

[adverb]

sādi < sad

[verb], singular, Aorist passive

“sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”

dasyur < dasyuḥ < dasyu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“savage; outcast; mugger.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

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