Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.163.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
हिर॑ण्यशृ॒ङ्गोऽयो॑ अस्य॒ पादा॒ मनो॑जवा॒ अव॑र॒ इन्द्र॑ आसीत् । दे॒वा इद॑स्य हवि॒रद्य॑माय॒न्यो अर्व॑न्तं प्रथ॒मो अ॒ध्यति॑ष्ठत् ॥
हिरण्यशृङ्गोऽयो अस्य पादा मनोजवा अवर इन्द्र आसीत् । देवा इदस्य हविरद्यमायन्यो अर्वन्तं प्रथमो अध्यतिष्ठत् ॥
hiraṇyaśṛṅgo 'yo asya pādā manojavā avara indra āsīt | devā id asya haviradyam āyan yo arvantam prathamo adhyatiṣṭhat ||
English translation:
“His mane is of gold; his feet are of bronze; and fleet as thought, Indra is his inferior (in speed). The gods have come to partake ofhis (being offered as) oblation; the first who mounted the horse was Indra.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
His mane is of gold: hirṇyaśṛṅga = lit. golden-horned; but figuratively, golden-maned
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvo'gniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
हिर॑ण्यऽशृ॒ङ्गः । अयः॑ । अ॒स्य॒ । पादाः॑ । मनः॑ऽजवाः॑ । अव॑रः । इन्द्रः॑ । आ॒सी॒त् । दे॒वाः । इत् । अ॒स्य॒ । ह॒विः॒ऽअद्य॑म् । आ॒य॒न् । यः । अर्व॑न्तम् । प्र॒थ॒मः । अ॒धि॒ऽअति॑ष्ठत् ॥
हिरण्यशृङ्गः । अयः । अस्य । पादाः । मनःजवाः । अवरः । इन्द्रः । आसीत् । देवाः । इत् । अस्य । हविःअद्यम् । आयन् । यः । अर्वन्तम् । प्रथमः । अधिअतिष्ठत् ॥
hiraṇya-śṛṅgaḥ | ayaḥ | asya | pādāḥ | manaḥ-javāḥ | avaraḥ | indraḥ | āsīt | devāḥ | it | asya | haviḥ-adyam | āyan | yaḥ | arvantam | prathamaḥ | adhi-atiṣṭhat
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.163.9 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], neuter
“gold; jewelry; hiraṇya [word]; gold.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“peak; horn; tusk; śṛṅga [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“iron; kāntaloha; ayas [word]; tīkṣṇaloha; metallic element; weapon.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“foot; one-fourth; beam; pāda; foot; foundation; pāda [word]; leg; leg; animal foot; step; foot; footfall; verse.”
[noun], neuter
“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“speed.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“worst; avara [word]; lower; nearer; base; short; low; abject; later(a); worse; antecedent.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], neuter
“Havya; offering; ghee; havis [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“horse.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“reach; board; repose on; govern; sit down; stand; prevail.”