Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.93.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अग्नी॑षोमा॒ चेति॒ तद्वी॒र्यं॑ वां॒ यदमु॑ष्णीतमव॒सं प॒णिं गाः । अवा॑तिरतं॒ बृस॑यस्य॒ शेषोऽवि॑न्दतं॒ ज्योति॒रेकं॑ ब॒हुभ्य॑: ॥
अग्नीषोमा चेति तद्वीर्यं वां यदमुष्णीतमवसं पणिं गाः । अवातिरतं बृसयस्य शेषोऽविन्दतं ज्योतिरेकं बहुभ्यः ॥
agnīṣomā ceti tad vīryaṃ vāṃ yad amuṣṇītam avasam paṇiṃ gāḥ | avātiratam bṛsayasya śeṣo 'vindataṃ jyotir ekam bahubhyaḥ ||
English translation:
“Agni and Soma, that prowess of yours, by which you have carried off the cows that were the food of Paṇi, is (well) known to us; you have slain the offspring of Bṛsya and you have obtained the luminary (the sun), for the benefit of the many.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Bṛsayasya śeṣa = Bṛsaya's āpatya, offspring (Nirukta, 3.2);
Bṛsaya = Tvaṣṭā, an asura. The offspring of Tvaṣṭā is Vṛtra. The agency of Agni and Soma in his death is explained by identifying them with the two vital airs, prāṇa and ap_na, the separation of which from Vṛtra was the possible cause of his death (Taittirīya Saṃhitā 2.5.2.4). By the destruction of Vṛtra, the enveloping cloud or gathered darkness, the sun was enabled to appear in the sky
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gotamo rāhūgaṇaputraḥ [gotama rāhūgaṇaputra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agnīṣomau ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अग्नी॑षोमा । चेति॑ । तत् । वी॒र्य॑म् । वा॒म् । यत् । अमु॑ष्णीतम् । अ॒व॒सम् । प॒णिम् । गाः । अव॑ । अ॒ति॒र॒त॒म् । बृस॑यस्य । शेषः॑ । अवि॑न्दतम् । ज्योतिः॑ । एक॑म् । ब॒हुऽभ्यः॑ ॥
अग्नीषोमा । चेति । तत् । वीर्यम् । वाम् । यत् । अमुष्णीतम् । अवसम् । पणिम् । गाः । अव । अतिरतम् । बृसयस्य । शेषः । अविन्दतम् । ज्योतिः । एकम् । बहुभ्यः ॥
agnīṣomā | ceti | tat | vīryam | vām | yat | amuṣṇītam | avasam | paṇim | gāḥ | ava | atiratam | bṛsayasya | śeṣaḥ | avindatam | jyotiḥ | ekam | bahu-bhyaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.93.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Soma; Agni; agnīṣoma [word].”
[verb], singular, Aorist passive
“notice; observe; attend to; intend.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“potency; vīrya; heroism; potency; strength; semen; power; deed; active agent; efficacy; vīryapāramitā; gold; vigor; vīrya [word]; virility; manfulness; jewel; force.”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[verb], dual, Imperfect
“rob; remove; steal.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“stores; food.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“niggard; paṇ.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[verb], dual, Imperfect
“descend; be born; incarnate; come out; alight; overcome.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“offspring.”
[verb], dual, Imperfect
“find; detect; marry; get; think.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[noun], dative, plural, masculine
“many; much(a); bahu [word]; abundant; long; large; abounding in(p); perennial.”