Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.58.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तपु॑र्जम्भो॒ वन॒ आ वात॑चोदितो यू॒थे न सा॒ह्वाँ अव॑ वाति॒ वंस॑गः । अ॒भि॒व्रज॒न्नक्षि॑तं॒ पाज॑सा॒ रज॑: स्था॒तुश्च॒रथं॑ भयते पत॒त्रिण॑: ॥
तपुर्जम्भो वन आ वातचोदितो यूथे न साह्वाँ अव वाति वंसगः । अभिव्रजन्नक्षितं पाजसा रजः स्थातुश्चरथं भयते पतत्रिणः ॥
tapurjambho vana ā vātacodito yūthe na sāhvām̐ ava vāti vaṃsagaḥ | abhivrajann akṣitam pājasā rajaḥ sthātuś caratham bhayate patatriṇaḥ ||

English translation:

“The flame-weaponed and breeze-excited Agni, assailing the unexhaled moisture (of the trees), with all his strength, in a volume of fire, rushes triumphant (against all things) in the forest, like a bull, and all, whether stationary or moveable, are afraid of him as he flies along.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nodhā gautamaḥ [nodhas gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तपुः॑ऽजम्भः । वने॑ । आ । वात॑ऽचोदितः । यू॒थे । न । सा॒ह्वान् । अव॑ । वा॒ति॒ । वंस॑गः । अ॒भि॒ऽव्रज॑न् । अक्षि॑तम् । पाज॑सा । रजः॑ । स्था॒तुः । च॒रथ॑म् । भ॒य॒ते॒ । प॒त॒त्रिणः॑ ॥
तपुःजम्भः । वने । आ । वातचोदितः । यूथे । न । साह्वान् । अव । वाति । वंसगः । अभिव्रजन् । अक्षितम् । पाजसा । रजः । स्थातुः । चरथम् । भयते । पतत्रिणः ॥
tapuḥ-jambhaḥ | vane | ā | vāta-coditaḥ | yūthe | na | sāhvān | ava | vāti | vaṃsagaḥ | abhi-vrajan | akṣitam | pājasā | rajaḥ | sthātuḥ | caratham | bhayate | patatri ṇaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.58.5 English analysis of grammar]

tapurjambho < tapuḥ < tapus

[noun], neuter

“heat.”

tapurjambho < jambhaḥ < jambha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Jambha; citron; jaw; tooth; molar; back tooth.”

vana < vane < vana

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

vātacodito < vāta

[noun], masculine

“vāta; wind; fart; Vayu; air; draft; vāta [word]; Vāta; rheumatism; Marut.”

vātacodito < coditaḥ < coday < √cud

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“impel; drive; incite; command; drive; arouse; propel.”

yūthe < yūtha

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“herd; troop; battalion.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

sāhvāṃ < sah

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“endure; overcome; habituate.”

ava

[adverb]

“down.”

vāti <

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“blow; blow; emit.”

vaṃsagaḥ < vaṃsaga

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“bull.”

abhivrajann < abhivrajan < abhivraj < √vraj

[verb noun], nominative, singular

akṣitam < akṣita

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“undecaying; uninjured.”

pājasā < pājas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“luminosity; look.”

raja < rajas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“powder; menorrhea; dust; Rajas; atmosphere; rajas; pollen; passion; rajas [word]; sindūra; rust; tin; impurity; dark; sky.”

sthātuś < sthātuḥ < sthātṛ

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

caratham < caratha

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

bhayate < bhī

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“fear; fear.”

patatriṇaḥ < patatrin

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“bird; arrow; horse.”

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