Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.41.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
च॒तुर॑श्चि॒द्दद॑मानाद्बिभी॒यादा निधा॑तोः । न दु॑रु॒क्ताय॑ स्पृहयेत् ॥
चतुरश्चिद्ददमानाद्बिभीयादा निधातोः । न दुरुक्ताय स्पृहयेत् ॥
caturaś cid dadamānād bibhīyād ā nidhātoḥ | na duruktāya spṛhayet ||
English translation:
“For he (the worshipper) loves not, but fears to speak evil (of any one), as a gamester fears (his adversary) holding the four (dice), until they are thrown.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Caturaścid dadamānād vibhīyād-ā-nidhātoḥ, he may fear from one holding four until the fail; explained as: caturo akṣān dhārayataḥ kitavat = from a gambler holding four dice. The dice are four cowrie shells, kapardakaḥ
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kaṇvo ghauraḥ [kaṇva ghaura];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): varuṇamitrāryamaṇaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
च॒तुरः॑ । चि॒त् । दद॑मानात् । बि॒भी॒यात् । आ । निऽधा॑तोः । न । दुः॒ऽउ॒क्ताय॑ । स्पृ॒ह॒ये॒त् ॥
चतुरः । चित् । ददमानात् । बिभीयात् । आ । निधातोः । न । दुःउक्ताय । स्पृहयेत् ॥
caturaḥ | cit | dadamānāt | bibhīyāt | ā | ni-dhātoḥ | na | duḥ-uktāya | spṛhayet
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.41.9 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“four; catur [word].”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[verb noun], ablative, singular
“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”
[verb], singular, Present optative
“fear; fear.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb noun]
“put; fill into; stow; insert; ignite; insert; add; put on; establish; keep down.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
[verb], singular, Present optative
“envy; desire.”