Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.11.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वं व॒लस्य॒ गोम॒तोऽपा॑वरद्रिवो॒ बिल॑म् । त्वां दे॒वा अबि॑भ्युषस्तु॒ज्यमा॑नास आविषुः ॥
त्वं वलस्य गोमतोऽपावरद्रिवो बिलम् । त्वां देवा अबिभ्युषस्तुज्यमानास आविषुः ॥
tvaṃ valasya gomato 'pāvar adrivo bilam | tvāṃ devā abibhyuṣas tujyamānāsa āviṣuḥ ||

English translation:

“Your, wielder of the thunderbolt, did open the cave of Vala, who had there concealed the cattle; and the gods whom he had oppressed, no longer feared when they had obtained you (for their ally).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Vala was an asura; he stole the cows of the gods and hid them in a cave; Indra recovered the cattle after surrounding the cave with his army. Paṇis, also cow-stealers, werre the soldiers of Vala (Anukramaṇikā)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): jetā mādhucchndasaḥ [jetā mādhucchndasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhuriguṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वम् । व॒लस्य॑ । गोऽम॑तः । अप॑ । अ॒वः॒ । अ॒द्रि॒ऽवः॒ । बिल॑म् । त्वाम् । दे॒वाः । अबि॑भ्युषः । तु॒ज्यमा॑नासः । आ॒वि॒षुः॒ ॥
त्वम् । वलस्य । गोमतः । अप । अवः । अद्रिवः । बिलम् । त्वाम् । देवाः । अबिभ्युषः । तुज्यमानासः । आविषुः ॥
tvam | valasya | go--mataḥ | apa | avaḥ | adri-vaḥ | bilam | tvām | devāḥ | abibhyuṣaḥ | tujyamānāsaḥ | āviṣuḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.11.5 English analysis of grammar]

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

valasya < vala

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Vala; vala; cave.”

gomato < gomataḥ < gomat

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“rich in cattle; bovine.”

'pāvar < apāvaḥ < apavṛ < √vṛ

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

“open.”

adrivo < adrivas < adrivat

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“rocky; petrous.”

bilam < bila

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“cave; hole; bila [word]; inside.”

tvāṃ < tvām < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

devā < devāḥ < deva

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

abibhyuṣas < < a

[adverb]

“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

abibhyuṣas < bibhyuṣaḥ < bhī

[verb noun], ablative, singular

“fear; fear.”

tujyamānāsa < tujyamānāsaḥ < tuj

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“draw.”

āviṣuḥ < av

[verb], plural, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

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