Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
by Ganganatha Jha | 1920 | 1,381,940 words | ISBN-10: 8120811550 | ISBN-13: 9788120811553
This is the English translation of the Manusmriti, which is a collection of Sanskrit verses dealing with ‘Dharma’, a collective name for human purpose, their duties and the law. Various topics will be dealt with, but this volume of the series includes 12 discourses (adhyaya). The commentary on this text by Medhatithi elaborately explains various t...
Verse 12.41
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:
त्रिविधा त्रिविधैषा तु विज्ञेया गौणिकी गतिः ।
अधमा मध्यमाग्र्या च कर्मविद्याविशेषतः ॥ ४१ ॥trividhā trividhaiṣā tu vijñeyā gauṇikī gatiḥ |
adhamā madhyamāgryā ca karmavidyāviśeṣataḥ || 41 ||This threefold Migratory State due to the qualities should be understood to be again of three kinds each—high, low and middling, in accordance with the peculiar character of the act and knowledge of each man.—(41)
Medhātithi’s commentary (manubhāṣya):
‘This threefold migratory state’— due to ‘Sattva’ and the other qualities,—is ‘of three kinds each’—according as it is ‘high, low or middling’; thus they come to be of nine kinds;—there are endless varieties of states, due to ‘the peculiar character of the act and knowledge of each man’; acts are of various kinds, according as they are good or bad, intentional or unintentional, and so forth. This is what is meant by the phrase ‘in accordance with the peculiar character of acts and knowledge’—(41)
Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha
This verse is quoted in Madanapārijāta (p. 693);—in Parāśaramādhava, (Prāyaścitta, p. 488);—and in Nṛsiṃhaprasāda (Prāyaścitta, 41a.)
Comparative notes by various authors
(verses 12.32-51)
See Comparative notes for Verse 12.32.