Section XXVIII - The importance of forgiveness and might in relationships
Book index: Mahabharata (English)
This page contains a summary of the Mahabharata Section XXVIII including examples of moral lessons in daily life. The Maha-Bharata is one of the largest epics ever written containing roughly 100,000 Sanskrit verses. It deals with the legendary history of ancient India and contains a large number of interwoven tales.
Short summary of the chapter:
Prahlada, a wise grandfather, advised his grandson Vali that both forgiveness and might have their own merits and demerits. He explained that forgiveness can lead to being taken advantage of by servants and enemies, while never forgiving can result in losing friends and prosperity. Prahlada emphasized the importance of using both forgiveness and might at the appropriate times to achieve happiness in both the worldly and otherworldly aspects of life. He outlined specific occasions when forgiveness should be offered, such as when someone has previously done a service or has committed an offense unknowingly, and when humility can be a more powerful virtue.
Draupadi, drawing from Prahlada's teaching, urged the king to use his might against the Kurus, who were constantly causing harm to her and her family. She emphasized that forgiveness is not always the right course of action, especially when dealing with persistent offenders. She advised the king to consider the circumstances and act accordingly, as being overly forgiving can lead to disrespect and further harm. Draupadi believed that a king must strike a balance between forgiveness and assertiveness to maintain respect and authority.
The story of Prahlada and Vali illustrates the complexities of forgiveness and might, showcasing that both have their place in different situations. Prahlada's teachings highlight the need for balance and discernment when deciding whether to forgive or use strength. Draupadi's application of these teachings to her own situation emphasizes the importance of standing up against injustice and not allowing oneself to be constantly taken advantage of. In essence, the story conveys the message that forgiveness should be offered wisely and selectively, and that there are times when asserting one's might is necessary for maintaining dignity and justice.
Full English translation:
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Section XXVIII, online text
English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguli.
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Mahabharata (English Summary)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguli | ISBN-10: 8121505933
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FAQ of Mahabharata, Section XXVIII:
What does Prahlada teach Vali about forgiveness and might?
Prahlada explains that forgiveness and might should be used appropriately, not constantly. Forgiveness can lead to disrespect and loss of wealth, while excess might can result in enemies and sorrow. One should exhibit both qualities at the right times for happiness.
In what situations should forgiveness be shown according to Prahlada?
Forgiveness should be shown to those who have done a service, those who offend out of ignorance or folly, and for the first offence of any person. The second offence, especially if deliberate, should be punished. Humility is powerful and can help in forgiveness.
When should might be exhibited against transgressors according to Prahlada?
Might should be shown against those who offend unwillingly, those who plead ignorance after committing a deliberate offence, and those who show no remorse. Sometimes, might should be exerted out of fear or to protect oneself from persecution.
Daily life: The importance of forgiveness and might in relationships:
The story shared between Prahlada and Vali offers profound wisdom on balancing forgiveness and might in our daily lives. It suggests that neither constant forgiveness nor incessant display of might is beneficial. People who always forgive are often disrespected and taken advantage of, while those who are always wrathful isolate themselves from friends and society, attracting animosity and eventual downfall. This tale urges us to discern the right occasions for displaying strength and when to offer forgiveness, highlighting the importance of context and the nature of the offense. Prahlada’s advice encapsulates the essence of wisdom in interpersonal relations: forgive those who err out of ignorance or for their first mistake, but be prepared to act with resolve against repeated or deliberate wrongdoings, always mindful of the circumstances and the impact of our actions. In daily life, this translates to a balanced approach where understanding, empathy, and assertiveness coexist, guiding us to navigate social interactions with grace and firmness, ensuring respect while fostering meaningful relationships.