Vibhitaka, Vibhītaka: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Vibhitaka means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Cikitsa (natural therapy and treatment for medical conditions)
Source: Wisdom Library: Ayurveda: CikitsaVibhītaka (विभीतक) is a Sanskrit word referring to Terminalia bellirica, a deciduous tree from the Combretaceae family of flowering plants. It can also be spelled as Bibhītaka, Vibhītakī or Bibhītakī. and is also known as Akṣa. In English, the tree is known as the “bastard myrobala”, “Bahera” or “Beleric”. It is a deciduous tree growing up to 30 meters in height. It has bad-smelling greenish yellow flowers with ovoid fruits. It grows all over India up to 900m elevation.
This plant (Vibhītaka) is also mentioned as a medicine used for the treatment of all major fevers (jvara), as described in the Jvaracikitsā (or “the treatment of fever”) which forms the first chapter of the Sanskrit work called Mādhavacikitsā. In this work, the plant is mentioned being part of the Triphalā group of medicinal drugs.
Source: Ancient Science of Life: Botanical identification of plants described in Mādhava CikitsāVibhītaka (विभीतक) (one of the Triphala) refers to the medicinal plant Terminalia bellerica Roxb., and is used in the treatment of atisāra (diarrhoea), according to the 7th century Mādhavacikitsā chapter 2. Atisāra refers to a condition where there are three or more loose or liquid stools (bowel movements) per day or more stool than normal. The second chapter of the Mādhavacikitsā explains several preparations [including Vibhītaka] through 60 Sanskrit verses about treating this problem.
Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)
Source: Shodhganga: Dietetics and culinary art in ancient and medieval IndiaVibhītaka (विभीतक) refers to the “fruit of Terminallia” and represents a type of fruit-bearing plant, according to the Mahābhārata Anuśāsanaparva 53.19 , and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.—We can see the description of flowering and fruit bearing plants in Ṛgveda. But we come across the specific names of them only in the later Saṃhita and Brāhmaṇa literature. [...] From the epics, we know that the hermits generally lived on fruits, roots and tubers. Mahābhārata the commonly used fruits are kāsmarya, iṅguda, śṛṅgāṭaka, bhallātaka (marking nut), the fruits of plakṣa (fig tree), aśvattha (pipal tree), vibhītaka (fruit of Terminallia) and pīlu (Salvadora persica).
Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)
Source: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita—Text on Visha ChikitsaVibhītaka (विभीतक) is the name of an ingredient used in the treatment of Maṇḍalī-snake-bites, according to the Kāśyapa Saṃhitā: an ancient Sanskrit text from the Pāñcarātra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Viṣacikitsā—an important topic from Āyurveda which deals with the study of Toxicology (Viṣavidyā or Sarpavidyā).—A number of different permutation and combination of herbs are prescribed as Lepa and Pāna for removing the poison of Maṇḍalī snakes.—According to the Kāśyapasaṃhitā verse 9.69b-70a: “Powdered fibrous stems of Vibhītaka, Śatāveri, Musalī and Vegā made into a paste with mango and goat’s milk must be smeared on the bite-wound.”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Vastushastra (architecture)
Source: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (vastu)Vibhītaka (विभीतक) (or Bibhītaka) is classified as a “usable tree” which should be saved from being cut (for the purpose of gathering wood materials for Temple construction), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—In the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, the architect is suggested to go to the forest to collect appropriate wood for temples in an auspicious day after taking advice from an astrologer. [...] Here, the eco-friendly suggestions of Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa are seen to protect the greenery and to balance a pollution free environment. [...] The text gives importance in saving the usable trees and that is why the trees [viz., Vibhītaka, etc.] are advised not to be cut as these trees and their fruits are very essential for livelihood.
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)Vibhītaka (विभीतक) refers to “trees of the Beleric myrobalan species”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “Hunting by lying in wait is that in which a bowman singly or jointly with others awaits the approach of animals and then pierces them with poisoned darts. It succeeds where there are trees of the Beleric myrobalan (vibhītaka), in corn fields, and in places for drinking water, An easy success in killing lions and other ferocious animals is achieved by placing the carcass of a cow in a suitable position”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraVibhītaka (विभीतक) refers to Terminalia bellerica, according to chapter 2.1 [ajitanātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.—Note: The leaves of the Terminalia (i.e., vibhītaka) grow in bunches at the ends of the branches, so it gives little shade.
Accordingly, as king Vimalavāhana said to his ministers: “Gentlemen, just as we are king in this house by succession, so you are ministers with the one great vow of your master’s good. [...] This service to sense-objects, which produces nothing worthwhile at maturity, has been made by me with little wit, like resorting to the shade of a vibhītaka tree. Blameless kings were struck down by me intolerant of others’ powers in the expedition of conquest, like elephants by a rutting elephant”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Vibhitaka in India is the name of a plant defined with Terminalia bellirica in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Myrobalanus laurinoides (Teijsm. & Binn.) Kuntze (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Plant Systematics and Evolution (1996)
· Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique (1856)
· Hooker’s Journal of Botany Kew Gard. Misc. (1851)
· De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum (1791)
· Flora of the British India (1878)
· Plants of the Coast of Coromandel (1805)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Vibhitaka, for example pregnancy safety, chemical composition, health benefits, extract dosage, diet and recipes, side effects, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionaryvibhītaka : (m.) Beleric Myrobalan.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryVibhītaka, (& °ṭaka) (cp. *Sk. vibhīta & °ka) the plant Terminalia belerica; beleric myrobolan. Dice were made from its fruits, which are also used as medicine (intoxicant); its flowers smell vilely.—Vin. I, 201; J. III, 161; V, 363; VI, 529. (Page 630)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryvibhītaka (विभीतक).—m S See bibhītaka.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryVibhītaka (विभीतक).—Name of tree, Terminalia Belerica, one of the three myrobalans.
Derivable forms: vibhītakaḥ (विभीतकः), vibhītakam (विभीतकम्).
See also (synonyms): vibhīta, vibhītakī.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryVibhītaka (विभीतक).—mfn.
(-kaḥ-kī-kaṃ) Beleric myrobalan, (Terminalia belerica.) E. vibhīta fearless, kan aff. “vaheḍā iti bhāṣā .”
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryVibhītaka (विभीतक).—[vi-bhīta + ka] (vb. bhī), m., f. (kī), A plant, Terminalia belerica, [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 52, 15 (m.).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryVibhītaka (विभीतक).—[masculine] [Name] of a tree; [neuter] its nut (used for dicing).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Vibhītaka (विभीतक):—[=vi-bhītaka] [from vi] a See sub voce
2) [from vibhīta] b m. (or f(ī). ) the tree Terminalia Bellerica
3) [v.s. ...] n. its berry (used as a die), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Mahābhārata etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryVibhītaka (विभीतक):—[(kaḥ-kī-kaṃ) a.] Beleric myrobalan.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusVibhītaka (ವಿಭೀತಕ):—[noun] = ವಿಭೀತ [vibhita]2 - 2.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Vi.
Starts with: Vibhitakadi, Vibhitakah, Vibhitakam, Vibhitakaminjiya, Vibhitakamu.
Ends with: Priyalatalakharjuraharitakivibhitaka, Vriddhavibhitaka.
Full-text (+19): Vriddhavibhitaka, Anilaghnaka, Vibhita, Vaibhitaka, Mustadi, Tilapushpaka, Kalivriksha, Vaibhidaka, Vibhitakaminjiya, Vaibhita, Bibhitaka, Vibhitaki, Vaheda, Priyalatalakharjuraharitakivibhitaka, Kusika, Vibhedaka, Karsha, Triphala, Triphaladi, Pravata.
Relevant text
Search found 30 books and stories containing Vibhitaka, Vibhītaka, Vi-bhitaka, Vi-bhītaka; (plurals include: Vibhitakas, Vibhītakas, bhitakas, bhītakas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Bhesajjakkhandhaka (Chapter on Medicine) (by Hin-tak Sik)
Medicines (e): Fruits (Phala) < [Chapter 4 - Medicinal Substances in the Chapter on Medicine]
Mahabharata (English) (by Kisari Mohan Ganguli)
Cosmetics, Costumes and Ornaments in Ancient India (by Remadevi. O.)
2.7. Pharmaceutical use of Keśarāga (Hair dye) < [Chapter 1 - Cosmetics]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 10.34.1 < [Sukta 34]
The Garuda Purana (by Manmatha Nath Dutt)
Chapter CCIV - Various other medicinal Recipes (continued) < [Dhanvantari Samhita]
Chapter CCVIII - Aphrodisiacs, Love, charms, etc. < [Dhanvantari Samhita]
Chapter CCXXVII - Different names of the Ayurvedic Drugs < [Dhanvantari Samhita]
Sushruta Samhita, Volume 6: Uttara-tantra (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)
Chapter XLIV - Symptoms and Treatment of Jaundice (Pandu-roga) < [Canto III - Kaya-chikitsa-tantra (internal medicine)]
Chapter XI - Treatment of Shleshma Ophthalmia < [Canto I - Shalakya-tantra (ears, eyes, nose, mouth and throat)]
Chapter LIV - Symptoms and Treatment of Worms (Krimi-roga) < [Canto III - Kaya-chikitsa-tantra (internal medicine)]
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