In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)

Source: Shodhganga: Dietetics and culinary art in ancient and medieval India

Vārtāka (वार्ताक) refers to the “brinjal” and represents a type of fruit-bearing plant, according to the Suśrutasaṃhitā Sūtrasthāna 46.337, and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.—We can see the description of flowering and fruit bearing plants in Ṛgveda. But we come across the specific names of them only in the later Saṃhita and Brāhmaṇa literature. [...] According to Suśruta among all the fruits pomegranates, Emblic myrobalan, grapes, dates, parūṣaka, rājādana and mātuluṅga (Citrus medica) are considered as the best. Some dry fruits such as almonds, walnuts, pistachio were also used. Paṭola and vārtāka (brinjal) were considered as good fruits.

Vārtāka or “brinjal” is mentioned in a list of potential causes for indigestion.—A complete section in Bhojanakutūhala is devoted for the description of agents that cause indigestion [viz., vārtāka (brinjal)]. These agents consumed on a large scale can cause indigestion for certain people. The remedies [viz., siddhārthaka (mustard)] for these types of indigestions are also explained therewith.

Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)

Source: Shodhganga: Portrayal of Animal Kingdom (Tiryaks) in Epics An Analytical study

Vartaka (वर्तक) refers to a kind of quail and is a synonym (another name) for the Kapiñjala, according to scientific texts such as the Mṛgapakṣiśāstra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or “the ancient Indian science of animals and birds” by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.

Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)

Source: Shodhganga: Drumavichitrikarnam—Plant mutagenesis in ancient India

Vārtāka (वार्ताक) (identified with Solanum melongena) is a fruit which was commonly manipulated to produce seedless fruits (abīja), according to the Vṛkṣāyurveda by Sūrapāla (1000 CE): an encyclopedic work dealing with the study of trees and the principles of ancient Indian agriculture.—Accordingly, “Benincasa hispida, Solanum melongena [e.g., Vārtāka], Trichosanthes dioica, etc. produced from healthy seeds cultivated with marrow of a female boar and also nourished with the sprinkling of Acorus calamus always produce seedless fruits”.

Unclassified Ayurveda definitions

Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botany

1) Vartaka (वर्तक) is a Sanskrit word referring to the “male bustard”. The meat of this animal is part of the māṃsavarga (‘group of flesh’), which is used throughout Ayurvedic literature. The animal Vartaka is part of the group of birds named Vartakādi, which is a sub-group of Viṣkira, refering to “birds similar to common quail who eat while scattering the gains”. It was classified by Caraka in his Carakasaṃhitā sūtrasthāna (chapter 27), a classical Ayurvedic work. Caraka defined such groups (vargas) based on the dietic properties of the substance.

2) Vārtāka (वार्ताक) is a Sanskrit word referring to Solanum melongena (eggplant), from the Solanaceae family. Certain plant parts of Vārtāka are eaten as a vegetable (śāka), according to Caraka in his Carakasaṃhitā sūtrasthāna (chapter 27), a classical Ayurvedic work. The plant is therefore part of the Śākavarga group of medicinal plants, referring to the “group of vegetables/pot-herbs”.

According to the Bhāvaprakāśa it has the following synonyms: Vṛntaka, Vārttaku, Bhaṇṭakī and Bhaṇṭikā. The Bhāvaprakāśa is a 16^th century medicinal thesaurus authored by Bhāvamiśra.

Vārtāka can also be seplled as Vārttāka, which is identified as a synonym for Vārttākī, referring to the same Solanum melongena, according to Narahari in his Rājanighaṇṭu (verse 7.194-195), which is a 13th-century medicinal thesaurus.

Source: archive.org: Sushruta samhita, Volume I

Vartaka (वर्तक)—Sanskrit word for a bird, corresponding to “quail”. This animal is from the group called Viṣkira (which scatter). Viṣkira itself is a sub-group of the group of animals known as Jāṅghala (living in high ground and in a jungle).

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Vārtāka (वार्ताक).—Brinjal, not fit for śrāddha.^*

• * Vāyu-purāṇa 78. 48.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)

Source: archive.org: Isvara Samhita Vol 5

Vārtāka (वार्ताक) refers to a type of vegetables fit for use in oblation offerings, according to verse 25.121b-125 of the Īśvarasaṃhitā.

context information

Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

Vartaka in India is the name of a plant defined with Solanum melongena in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Solanum melongena Wall. (among others).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· The Gardeners Dictionary (1754)
· Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (1981)
· Cytologia (1989)
· Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress Association (1989)
· A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants (1838)
· Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis (1923)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Vartaka, for example diet and recipes, chemical composition, extract dosage, health benefits, side effects, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

vartaka (वर्तक).—m An officer of a town or village,

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Vartaka (वर्तक).—a. [vṛt-ṇvul]

1) Living, being, existing.

2) Devoted to; अभिगन्तुं स काकुत्स्थमियेष गुरुवर्तकम् (abhigantuṃ sa kākutsthamiyeṣa guruvartakam) Rām.2.98. 1.

-kaḥ 1 A quail; कौशिकं तु ततो हृत्वा नरो जायति वर्तकः (kauśikaṃ tu tato hṛtvā naro jāyati vartakaḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 13.111.14.

2) A horse's hoof; कर्तयन्त इवाश्वीयवर्तकै- र्व्योममण्डलम् (kartayanta ivāśvīyavartakai- rvyomamaṇḍalam) Śiva B.13.6.

-kam A sort of brass or bell-metal.

--- OR ---

Vartakā (वर्तका).—A kind of quail.

See also (synonyms): vartakī.

--- OR ---

Vārtaka (वार्तक) or Vārtāka (वार्ताक).—A kind of quail.

Derivable forms: vārtakaḥ (वार्तकः), vārtākaḥ (वार्ताकः).

See also (synonyms): vārtīka.

--- OR ---

Vārtāka (वार्ताक).—f., [vārtākin] m., [vārtākī] f., [vārtākuḥ] m., f. The egg-plant.

Derivable forms: vārtākaḥ (वार्ताकः).

See also (synonyms): vārtāki, vārtākin, vārtāku.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Vartakā (वर्तका).—(= Pali vaṭṭakā; Sanskrit Gr. °akā; Sanskrit °aka, m., °ikā), quail: °kā-potaka, young quail, Jātakamālā 98.7, 15; 99.10 (all prose).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vartaka (वर्तक).—i. e. vṛt + aka, I. adj. Who is, or exists, or abides. Ii. m., and f. takā and tikā (Chr. 298, 6 = [Rigveda.] i. 112, 6), A quail, [Hitopadeśa] iii. [distich] 22; [Mālatīmādhava, (ed. Calc.)] 135, 8. Iii. m. A horse’s hoof. Iv. n. A sort of mixed metal.

— Cf. vartikā.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vartaka (वर्तक).—[masculine] vartikā [feminine] a quail.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Vartaka (वर्तक):—[from varta] a mfn. who or what abides or exists, abiding, existing, living, [Horace H. Wilson]

2) [v.s. ...] (ifc.) given up or devoted or attached to (cf. guru-v), [Rāmāyaṇa]

3) [v.s. ...] m. a quail, [Caraka]

4) [v.s. ...] a horse’s hoof, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

5) Vartakā (वर्तका):—[from vartaka > varta] f. a quail, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

6) Vartaka (वर्तक):—[from varta] n. a sort of brass or steel, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]cf. [Greek] ὄρτυξ, ὀρτυγία.

7) Vārtaka (वार्तक):—m. ([from] √1. vṛt) a quail (cf. vartaka), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

8) Vārtāka (वार्ताक):—[from vārtaka] m. = vārtaka, a quail, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

9) [v.s. ...] mf(ī, u). the egg-plant, [Uṇādi-sūtra iii, 79; iv, 15] ([probably] [wrong reading] for vārttāka etc.)

10) Vartaka (वर्तक):—[from vṛt] b etc. See p. 925, col. 2.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Vartaka (वर्तक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Vaṭṭaya, Vaṭṭāvaya.

[Sanskrit to German]

Vartaka in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Vartaka (ವರ್ತಕ):—

1) [adjective] existing; being.

2) [adjective] engaged in.

3) [adjective] pursuing a vocation (as in a business, trade, etc.).

--- OR ---

Vartaka (ವರ್ತಕ):—

1) [noun] the way a person behaves or acts; conduct; manners; behaviour; deportment.

2) [noun] a trade, business; commercial activity.

3) [noun] the fact of being enaged, pursuing a business, vocation, etc.

4) [noun] a man trading; a merchant.

5) [noun] a man engaged in any vocation.

6) [noun] the hoof of a horse.

7) [noun] the quail Perdicula asiatica of Phasianidae family, with brown body and wings, black and grey stripes on the breast, short grey beak, short tail, that nests on the ground; jungle bush-quail.

--- OR ---

Vārtāka (ವಾರ್ತಾಕ):—

1) [noun] the plant Solanum melongena of Solanaceae family; egg-plant.

2) [noun] its fruit.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Starts with: Vartakadharma, Vartakadi, Vartakah, Vartakaja, Vartakanave, Vartakatana.

Ends with (+37): Abhinirvartaka, Aditirthapravartaka, Andhakavartaka, Anivartaka, Anupravartaka, Anuvartaka, Apavartaka, Apravartaka, Asamavartaka, Avartaka, Bahuvartaka, Brahmavaivartaka, Dakshinavartaka, Dharmacakrapravartaka, Dharmachakrapravartaka, Girivartaka, Gotrapravartaka, Guruvartaka, Kaivartaka, Kakavartaka.

Full-text (+74): Vattavaya, Vartika, Vartaki, Varttaku, Vattaya, Vartira, Varttaka, Nivartakatva, Pravartakajnana, Varttikasara, Varttikatatparyashuddhi, Vartanaksha, Guruvritta, Varttikakrit, Varttikatatparyatika, Nirvartaka, Vartakin, Varttikakashika, Varttaharini, Varttanukarshaka.

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Search found 15 books and stories containing Vartaka, Vārtāka, Vartakā, Vārtaka; (plurals include: Vartakas, Vārtākas, Vartakās, Vārtakas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

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Shaiva Upanishads (A Critical Study) (by Arpita Chakraborty)

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Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 3: Metals, Gems and other substances (by Bhudeb Mookerjee)

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The Markandeya Purana (by Frederick Eden Pargiter)

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