Vacya, Vācya: 16 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Vyakarana
2. Shaktism
3. Kavyashastra
4. Yoga
In Buddhism
1. Mahayana
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Hindi
4. Kannada
See also

Introduction:

Vacya means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Vachya.

In Hinduism

Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Vācya (वाच्य).—(l) directly expressed (sense) as contrasted with व्यङ्ग्य (vyaṅgya) or ध्वनित (dhvanita); cf. शब्देनार्थान् वाच्यान् दृष्ट्वा बुद्धौ कुर्यात्पौर्वापर्यम् । (śabdenārthān vācyān dṛṣṭvā buddhau kuryātpaurvāparyam |) M.Bh. on P. I.4.109 Vart. 10; (2) which should be stated or which deserves to be stated. The word वाच्य (vācya) is generally put in connection with the additions or corrections to the sutras by the Varttikakara and the Mahbhasyakara in their explanations; cf. तत्रैतावद्वाच्यम् (tatraitāvadvācyam), M.Bh. on P. I.4.1 ; cf. also वाच्य ऊर्णोर्णुवद्भावः (vācya ūrṇorṇuvadbhāvaḥ) M.Bh. on P. III.1. 22 Vart. 3; III. I. 36 Vart. 6.

context information

Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Vācya (वाच्य) refers to the “aggregate of the energies of speech” [?], according to Kṣemarāja in his commentaries on the Netratantra and the Svacchandabhairavatantra, which is well known to the Kubjikā Tantras.—‘Sound’ (nāda) is the name given to the pulse (spanda) of the supreme level of Speech (parā vāc), which animates the highest reality. The Netratantra refers to it as a form of sound that pervades the universe. Kṣemarāja explains that the energy of the higher levels initially manifests in two aspects. One is subjective, as the aggregate of the energies of Speech that function as the denotators (vācaka) of the second aspect, which consists of the aggregate of the energies of Speech, which they denote (vācya). When the initial impulse towards manifestation arises, the energy of consciousness retains the pulse of the second aspect within itself and expresses the pulse of the first aspect in the form of undifferentiated Sound. [...]

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Kavyashastra (science of poetry)

Source: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (kavya)

Vācya (वाच्य) or Vācyārtha refers to one of the “three kinds of meaning of words”, according to the Sāhityadarpaṇa.—There are three kinds of meaning of words which are: vācya-artha, lakṣa-artha and vyaṅga-artha. The vācya-artha is known by abhidhā, lakṣa-artha is known by lakṣaṇā and vyaṅga-artha is recognized by vyañjanā. Thus it can be said that Abhidhā denotes the primary meaning, where the dictionary meaning of the word is predominant. Lakṣaṇā denotes the secondary meaning which is established after the failure of the primary sense though it is based on the primary meaning. And vyañjanā denotes the suggestive sense of a word.

Vācya-artha (“primary meaning”) is also mentioned in the Dhvanyāloka by Ānandavardhana (the founder of Dhvani school of Sanskrit poetics).—The suggestive sense is referred to as dhvani in Sanskrit poetics. Ānandavardhana speaks about two broad divisions of the suggestive meaning—It establishes that the meaning that satisfies the soul of the connoisseur is the soul of poetry and it is divided into two varieties viz., vācya-artha and pratīyamāna-artha. Vācya-artha is the primary meaning which is explicit in nature and pratīyamāna-artha is the suggestive meaning.

context information

Kavyashastra (काव्यशास्त्र, kāvyaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian tradition of poetry (kavya). Canonical literature (shastra) of the includes encyclopedic manuals dealing with prosody, rhetoric and various other guidelines serving to teach the poet how to compose literature.

Yoga (school of philosophy)

Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Vācya (वाच्य) refers to “that which is expressible” (as opposed to Avācya—“inexpressible”), according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise which deals absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—The Amanaska referred to (or qualified) Samādhi with several terms, which are all negative; [e.g., it is inexpressible (avācya);] [...] The fact that such terminology is found in the Amanaska indicates that descriptions of Śiva and the void-like meditative states in Mantramargic Śaivism, were the basis of the descriptions of Samādhi and Paratattva (the highest reality) in this treatise. The Amanaska Yoga was consistent with the Pātañjala Yogaśāstra’s definition of Yoga, yet it described Samādhi in terms different to those of Pātañjalayoga; such as Avācya—“that which is inexpressible”.

context information

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Vācya (वाच्य) refers to “(that which is) expressible” (as opposed to Avācya—‘inexpressible’), according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 41).—Accordingly, “[Digression on a case brought against the Buddha; B. The defense].—[7. Silence on the Fourteen Difficult Questions].—The Buddha did not answer fourteen difficult questions.—The Buddha has four ways of answering (vyākaraṇa): [...] Furthermore, the Buddha spoke of three kinds of things: i) conditioned things (saṃskṛtadhrma), ii) unconditioned things (asaṃskṛtadharma) and iii) inexpressible things (avācya-dharma): in doing this, he has spoken of all dharmas. [...]”.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

vācya (वाच्य).—a S (Possible, designed, necessary, proper, taken up &c.) to be spoken or said. 2 Attributive, adjective, possible &c. to be predicated of any subject. 3 Declinable as an adjective. vācyārtha Uttered or expressed sense. vācyāṃśa Matter spoken or said; speech, say, declaration: also matter to be spoken or said. Ex. śabala tō vā0 bōlijē || śuddha tō lakṣyāṃsa mhaṇijē ||. See lakṣyāṃśa. 2 Used as vācāṃśa.

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vācya (वाच्य).—n S A predicate, matter to be said. 2 In grammar. A voice (of a verb); as karttṛvācya Active voice; karmaṇivācya Passive voice.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

vācya (वाच्य).—a (Proper) to be spoken. n A predicate.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Vācya (वाच्य).—a. [vac-karmaṇi ṇyat]

1) To be spoken, told or said, to be spoken to or addressed; वाच्यस्त्वया मद्वचनात् स राजा (vācyastvayā madvacanāt sa rājā) R.14.61 'say to the king in my name'; न वाच्य- मित्थं पुरुषोत्तम त्वया (na vācya- mitthaṃ puruṣottama tvayā) Śiśupālavadha 1.31.

2) To be predicated, attributive.

3) Expressed (as the meaning of a word); cf. लक्ष्य (lakṣya) and व्यङ्ग्य (vyaṅgya).

4) Blamable, censurable, reprehensible; अप्रदाता पिता वाच्यो वाच्यश्चानुपयन् पतिः । मृते भर्तरि पुत्रश्च वाच्यो मातुररक्षिता (apradātā pitā vācyo vācyaścānupayan patiḥ | mṛte bhartari putraśca vācyo māturarakṣitā) || Mahābhārata (Bombay) 3.293.35; Śiśupālavadha 2.34; एभिर्मुक्तो महीपालः प्राप्नोति खलु वाच्यताम् (ebhirmukto mahīpālaḥ prāpnoti khalu vācyatām) H.3.129;4.17.

-cyam 1 Blame, censure, reproach; प्रमदामनु संस्थितः शुचा नृपतिः सन्निति वाच्यदर्शनात् (pramadāmanu saṃsthitaḥ śucā nṛpatiḥ sanniti vācyadarśanāt) R.8.72,84; चिरस्य वाच्यं न गतः प्रजापतिः (cirasya vācyaṃ na gataḥ prajāpatiḥ) Ś.5.15; Śiśupālavadha 3.58.

2) The expressed meaning, that derived by means of अभिधा (abhidhā) q. v.; cf. लक्ष्य (lakṣya) and व्यङ्ग्य (vyaṅgya); अपि तु वाच्यवैचित्र्यप्रतिभासादेव चारुताप्रतीतिः (api tu vācyavaicitryapratibhāsādeva cārutāpratītiḥ) K. P.1.

3) A predicate.

4) The voice of a verb.

5) A subject for expounding (pratipādya-viṣaya); पुराणसंख्यासंभूतिमस्य वाच्यप्रयोजने (purāṇasaṃkhyāsaṃbhūtimasya vācyaprayojane) Bhag.12.13.3.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vācya (वाच्य).—mfn.

(-cyaḥ-cyā-cyaṃ) 1. Vile, bad. 2. Vile, contemptible, low, outcast. 3. Fit or proper to be spoken or said. 4. Attributive adjective, to be predicated of any thing. 5. Declinable as an adjective, taking the three genders. 6. Expressed, (as the meaning of a word.) n.

(-cyaṃ) Blame, reviling. 2. A predicate, that which may be said of anything. 3. (In grammar.) The voice or mode of a verb; as, karttṛvācyaṃ the active voice, karmmaṇivācyaṃ the passive voice. 4. The expressed or conventional meaning of word, (opposed to lakṣya and vyaṅgya .) E. vac to speak, aff. ṇyat .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vācya (वाच्य).—to be spoken or said ([neuter] [impersonally]); being said or meant; to be spoken to or about; to be spoken against, blamable, censurable; [neuter] blame, censure, fault. Abstr. tā [feminine], tva [neuter]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Vācya (वाच्य):—[from vāc] 1. vācya [Nominal verb] [Parasmaipada] yati, [from] vāc, [Pāṇini 1-4, 15 [Scholiast or Commentator]]

2) [v.s. ...] 2. vācya mfn. to be spoken or said or told or announced or communicated or stated or named or predicated or enumerated or spoken of [Upaniṣad; Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc. (n. [impersonal or used impersonally] it is to be spoken or said etc.)

3) [v.s. ...] to be addressed or spoken to about anything ([accusative] or [nominative case] with iti), [Manu-smṛti; Harivaṃśa; Kāvya literature] etc.

4) [v.s. ...] to be directed that (with yathā), [Mahābhārata]

5) [v.s. ...] to be told about (= still untold), [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra]

6) [v.s. ...] to be expressed or designated or meant expressly by ([genitive case] or [compound]), [Chāndogya-upaniṣad; Śaṃkarācārya; Sāhitya-darpaṇa] etc.

7) [v.s. ...] to be spoken against, blamable, censurable by ([genitive case] or [instrumental case]), [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.

8) [v.s. ...] used as a substantive, [Vopadeva]

9) [v.s. ...] (vācya), belonging to the voice etc., [Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā]

10) [v.s. ...] m. [metronymic] of the Ṛṣi Prajā-pati, [Ṛg-veda]

11) [v.s. ...] n. what may be said against any one or anything, blame, censure, reproach, fault (vācyaṃ-√gam, to undergo blame), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature]

12) [v.s. ...] that of which anything is predicated, a substantive, [Vopadeva]

13) [v.s. ...] a predicate, [Horace H. Wilson]

14) [v.s. ...] the voice of a verb (e.g. kartari-v, the active voice; karmaṇi-v, the passive voice), [ib.]

15) [v.s. ...] = pratipādana, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Vācya (वाच्य):—[(cyaḥ-cyā-cyaṃ) a.] Vile; fit to be spoken; attributive. n. Blame; a predicate; voice of a verb.

[Sanskrit to German]

Vacya in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Vācya (वाच्य) [Also spelled vachy]:—(a) predicable, expressible through words; (nm) denoted/literal meaning; voice (as [kartṛvācya]—active voice, [karmavācya]—passive voice, [bhāvavācya]—neutral voice); ~[tā/tva] literality, denotement.

context information

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Vācya (ವಾಚ್ಯ):—

1) [adjective] to be spoken or said or told or announced.

2) [adjective] fit to be spoken or said or told or announced.

3) [adjective] fit to be condemned, censured.

4) [adjective] describing the qualities or characterstics of; qualifying.

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Vācya (ವಾಚ್ಯ):—

1) [noun] (gram.) a word that modifies a noun; an adjective.

2) [noun] what is said about the subject of a sentence or proposition etc.; a predicate.

3) [noun] the literary meaning of a word (diff. from the idiomatic meaning).

4) [noun] the quality of a word or sentence which is literal in meaning (being diff. from idiomatic).

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Relevant text

Search found 41 books and stories containing Vacya, Vācya; (plurals include: Vacyas, Vācyas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Text 4.1 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]

Text 7.70 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]

Text 7.98 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]

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Verse 3.254 < [Section XV - Procedure after Feeding]

Verse 8.61 < [Section XII (A) - Evidence]

Verse 9.4 < [Section I - Husband and Wife]

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Verse 18.67 < [Chapter 18 - Mokṣa-yoga (the Yoga of Liberation)]

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The Concept of Dhvani in Sanskrit < [January – March, 1994]

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