Vakkarman, Vākkarman, Vac-karman: 2 definitions

Introduction:

Vakkarman means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

[«previous next»] — Vakkarman in Arts glossary
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Vākkarman (वाक्कर्मन्) refers to the “actions of speech”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “[...] The avoidance of all sorts of activities leads only to the liberation of the soul. But the performance of the duties prescribed for one’s own caste, leads to the attainment of the three other objects of life. That sort of avoidance, however, should be practised with respect to speech (vākkarman) and the actions of the body and the mind [sidhyeta manovākkāyakarmabhiḥ], which leads to Brahma beyond the reach of speech. [...]”.

Arts book cover
context information

This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

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In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

[«previous next»] — Vakkarman in Mahayana glossary
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

1) Vākkarman (वाक्कर्मन्) refers to “vocal actions”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 3).—Accordingly, “The Buddha said to Ānanda: ‘[...] Henceforth the Pratimokṣasūtra will be your great teacher (mahācārya). You should carry out bodily activities (kāyakarman) and vocal actions (vākkarman) according to the instructions of the Pratimokṣasūtra.—After my nirvāṇa, your guide (chaṇḍaka), O Bhikṣu, will be the punishment according to the rule of Brahmā (brahmadaṇḍa).—If someone is in a state of mind of panic (abhihata-citta), he should be taught the Saṃthakātyāyanasūtra; then he will be able to obtain the Path. [...]’.”.

2) Vākkarman (वाक्कर्मन्) or Vākkarmapatha refers to the “paths of vocal action”, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XIV).—The paths of vocal action (vākkarman-patha) are four in number: abstaining from falsehood (mṛṣāvāda), slander (paiṣunyavāda), harmful speech (pāruṣyavāda) and thoughtless speech (saṃbhinnapralāpa). It can also be spelled as vākkarma.

Mahayana book cover
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Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

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