Talaka, Taḷāka, Tālaka, Ṭalaka: 24 definitions

Introduction:

Talaka means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit term Taḷāka can be transliterated into English as Talaka or Taliaka, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

Alternative spellings of this word include Talak.

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Rasashastra (Alchemy and Herbo-Mineral preparations)

Source: Wisdom Library: Rasa-śāstra

1) Tālaka (तालक) is a Sanskrit technical term translating to “Orpiment”, which is an orange-yellow colored mineral, found throughout volcanic fissures and hot springs. It is used throughout Rasaśāstra literature, such as the Rasaprakāśasudhākara.

2) Tālaka (तालक, “orpiment”):—One of the eight uparasa (‘secondary minerals’), a group of eight minerals, according to the Rasaprakāśasudhākara: a 13th century Sanskrit book on Indian alchemy, or, Rasaśāstra. It is also known by the synonym Haritāla.

There are two varieties of Tālaka:

  1. Dalākhya/Patratāla (scally/rustic variety)
  2. Aśmasaṃjñaka/Piṇḍatāla (stony variety)
Source: Indian Journal of History of Science: Rasaprakāśa-sudhākara, chapter 6

Tālaka (Orpiment) is of two types, viz-

  1. Dalākhya/Patratāla (scally variety),
  2. Aśma Sañjñaka/Piṇḍatāla (stony variety)

It is claimed as vātaśleṣmahara, checks rakta-srāva and bhūtabādhā (effects of evil spirits), stops menses in ladies, vary in anointing properties, kaṭu in rasa, dīpana (digestive stimulant) and kuṣṭhahara in karma.

Source: History of Science in South Asia: Making Gems in Indian Alchemical Literature

Tālaka (तालक) refers to “orpiment” and is used in the recipe for creating artificial Sapphires, according to the Vādakhaṇḍa section of the Rasaratnākara (lit. “jewel mine of mercury”): a 13th century alchemical work in Sanskrit written by Nityanātha.—Accordingly: “One should mix evenly ground Indian madder, orpiment (tālaka), and indigo. All this should be well-stirred with the liquids in the glass bottle. Having soaked the “rain-stones” with this, one should heat it as before. Through this, they all truly become whole emeralds”.

Ayurveda book cover
context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) Talaka (तलक).—A son of Āndhra Hāleya, and father of Purīṣabhīru.*

  • * Bhāgavata-purāṇa XII. 1. 25.

1b) A pupil of Kṛta.*

  • * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 35. 51.

2) Tālaka (तालक).—Is Sāmaga.*

  • * Vāyu-purāṇa 61. 44.
Purana book cover
context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstra

Talaka (तलक) refers to kind of ornament (ābharaṇa) for the waist (kaṭi) to be worn by males, according to Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 23. It is to be worn below the navel. Such ornaments for males should be used in cases of gods and kings.

Talaka (तलक) also refers to a type of ornament (ābharaṇa) for the hips (śroṇī) to be worn by females. Such ornaments for females should be used in cases of human females and celestial beings (gods and goddesses).

Ābharaṇa (‘ornaments’, eg., talaka) is a category of alaṃkāra, or “decorations”, which in turn is a category of nepathya, or “costumes and make-up”, the perfection of which forms the main concern of the Āhāryābhinaya, or “extraneous representation”, a critical component for a successful dramatic play.

Natyashastra book cover
context information

Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).

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Shilpashastra (iconography)

Source: Shodhganga: Vaisnava Agamas And Visnu Images

1) Kāñcī (काञ्ची) refers to a “waist band” and represents type of “ornaments for the loins” (śroṇī), as defined in treatises such as the Pāñcarātra, Pādmasaṃhitā and Vaikhānasa-āgamas, extensively dealing with the technical features of temple art, iconography and architecture in Vaishnavism.—Bharata (cf. Nāṭyaśāstra 23.35-37) mentions the ornaments for the loins (śroṇī) [viz. talaka (waist band)].

2) Kāñcī (काञ्ची) or “flat band” also refers to a type of “ornaments of leg” (padabhūṣaṇa).—The ornaments for the legs and feet are common in Indian sculptures as well in day-to-day life. Bharata (cf. Nāṭyaśāstra 23.38-39) mentions some of the ornaments [viz. talaka (a flat band) meant for the great toe)].

Shilpashastra book cover
context information

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

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Kavya (poetry)

Source: OpenEdition books: Vividhatīrthakalpaḥ (Kāvya)

Tālaka (तालक) in Sanskrit (or Tālaya in Prakrit) refers to a “bar, bolt, bolt”, as is mentioned in the Vividhatīrthakalpa by Jinaprabhasūri (13th century A.D.): an ancient text devoted to various Jaina holy places (tīrthas).—(CDIAL 5749; ST p. 67; 142).

Kavya book cover
context information

Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.

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India history and geography

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Talaka.—(LP), ‘on the spot’. (EI 23), a territorial division. Note: talaka is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

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Taḻāka.—(EI 14), same as taṭāka, taḍāga; a tank. Note: taḻāka is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

India history book cover
context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

taḷāka : (m.; nt.) a lake.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Taḷāka, (nt.) (Derivation uncertain. Perhaps from taṭa. The Sk. forms are taṭaka, taṭāka, taḍāga) a pond, pool, reservoir Vin. II, 256; J. I, 4, 239; PvA. 202; DA. I, 273; Miln. 1, 66=81, 246, 296, 359. (Page 298)

Pali book cover
context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

ṭaḷakā (टळका).—m (Properly taḷakā) A small piece of (bamboo) matting.

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taḷakā (तळका).—a (taḷaṇēṃ) Fried.

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taḷakā (तळका).—m (taḷa Palm of the hand.) A small (sleeping or sitting) mat. Ex. sāṇḍalā mājhā phāṭa- kā ta0 kaśīṃ maja ḍhēṅkaṇēṃ khāllīṃ gē. 2 A cake or roll. 3 The skin raised by a blister; the raised crust of a puffed cake &c. 4 A piece worn or torn off from the sole of a shoe; any flattish piece separated. v uḍa, nigha, jā, kāḍha, ghē. 5 A cleared spot in a reaped field, a bare patch: also generally, a bare spot occasioned by a removal: also a patch or portion of a field generally, whether bare, or grown, or yet remaining to be reaped, or yet remaining to be sown, ploughed, weeded &c. 6 A half-slice (slicedoff half) of a mango. v kāpa, kāḍha, nigha.

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tālaka (तालक).—n S Yellow orpiment. 2 A padlock.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

taḷakā (तळका).—a Fried.

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taḷakā (तळका).—m A small mat. A cake. The skin raised by blister. A bare spot. The sliced-off half of a mango.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Talaka (तलक).—A large pond.

-kaḥ A small cart with burning coals (Mar. śegaḍī); Hch.7.

Derivable forms: talakam (तलकम्).

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Tālaka (तालक).—

1) Yellow orpiment.

2) A fragrant earth.

3) A bolt, latch.

-kī The vinous exudation of the palm, toddy.

Derivable forms: tālakam (तालकम्).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Talaka (तलक).—(tala plus -ka svārthe), upper surface, top, roof: °kopari Mahāvyutpatti 9351 = Tibetan khaṅ steṅ, (on) the top of a house.

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Tālaka (तालक).—(1) nt. (= Sanskrit Lex. id. and Sanskrit tāla), lock: Mahāvyutpatti 5905 = Tibetan sgo lcags, door-lock; compare pratitālaka; (2) nt., a kind of ornament, according to Tibetan shaped like a palm-leaf: Mahāvyutpatti 6029 = Tibetan rgyan ta la ḥdab.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Talaka (तलक).—n.

(-kaṃ) A large pond. E. tala a hole, a hollow, and kan aff.

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Tālaka (तालक).—n.

(-kaṃ) 1. A bolt, a latch, a kind of lock for fastening a door with. 3. Yellow orpiment. 3. A fragrant earth. E. kan added to the preceding.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Tālaka (तालक).—[masculine] a cert. insect; [feminine] tālikā the palm of the hand, clapping of the hands.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Talaka (तलक):—[from tala] m. a small cart with burning coals, [Harṣacarita vii]

2) [v.s. ...] a pot of clay, [Hemacandra’s Pariśiṣṭaparvan ii, 473]

3) [v.s. ...] Name of a prince, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa xii, 1]

4) [v.s. ...] n. = taḍaga, a pond (also tala and talla), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

5) [v.s. ...] a kind of salt, [Demetrius Galanos’s Lexiko: sanskritikes, anglikes, hellenikes]

6) Tālaka (तालक):—[from tāla] m. ([Siddhānta-kaumudī puṃl. 29]) Name of a venomous insect, [Suśruta v, 8, 13]

7) [v.s. ...] Name of a teacher, [Vāyu-purāṇa i, 61, 45] ([varia lectio] lika)

8) [v.s. ...] n. orpiment, [Bhāvaprakāśa v, 26, 48 and 221]

9) [v.s. ...] a fragrant earth, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

10) [v.s. ...] a lock, bolt, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

11) [v.s. ...] a kind of ornament, [Buddhist literature; cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Talaka (तलक):—(kaṃ) 1. n. A large pond.

2) Tālaka (तालक):—(kaṃ) 1. n. A bolt or latch; yellow orpiment; fragrant earth.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Tālaka (तालक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Tālaga.

[Sanskrit to German]

Talaka in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Talaka (तलक) [Also spelled talak]:—(ind) to, upto, till, until; even.

2) Talāka (तलाक) [Also spelled talak]:—(nm) divorce; ~[nāmā] agreement for divorce; ~[śudā] divorced.

context information

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

Tālaka (तालक) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Tāḍaṅka.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Taḷaka (ತಳಕ):—[noun] a kind of plant .

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Tālaka (ತಾಲಕ):—

1) [noun] = ತಾಲಪತ್ರ - [talapatra -] 2.

2) [noun] arsenic trisulfide, As2S3, of lemon-yellow colour with resinous lustre which is used as a pigment; orpiment.

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Tāḷaka (ತಾಳಕ):—

1) [noun] a leaf of a palmyra tree.

2) [noun] arsenic trisulfide, As2S3, having a lemon-yellow colour and a resinous lustre which is used as a pigment; orpiment.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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