Sutara, Sutāra, Sutārā, Su-tara: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Sutara means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Sutar.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaSutārā (सुतारा).—A Gandharva damsel who had been cursed. (For further details see under Pramohinī).
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationSutāra (सुतार) is the name of a deity referring to “one that enables others to cross”, according the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.41.—Accordingly, as Viṣṇu and others eulogized Śiva:—“[...] obeisance to Tāra (star), Sutāra (one that enables others to cross), Taruṇa (the ever young), and the brilliant. Obeisance to Śiva who is beneficent to the gods, the lord, the great soul, Obeisance to you the great; obeisance to you, the dark-necked God”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Sutāra (सुतार).—An Yakṣa gaṇa.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 69. 39.
1b) (sutara)—a gaṇa of the 4th Sāvarṇa Manu of 10 gods.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa IV. 1. 84, 89.
2) Sutārā (सुतारा).—A daughter of Upamadgu (Cal. Edṇ. and Wilson-sister).*
- * Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 14. 9.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)
Source: Journal of the University of Bombay Volume V: Apabhramsa metres (2)Sutārā (सुतारा) is the name of a catuṣpadi metre (as popularly employed by the Apabhraṃśa bards), as discussed in books such as the Chandonuśāsana, Kavidarpaṇa, Vṛttajātisamuccaya and Svayambhūchandas.—Sutārā has 40 mātrās in each of its four lines, divided into the groups of 8 pañcamātras in a line.
Chandas (छन्दस्) refers to Sanskrit prosody and represents one of the six Vedangas (auxiliary disciplines belonging to the study of the Vedas). The science of prosody (chandas-shastra) focusses on the study of the poetic meters such as the commonly known twenty-six metres mentioned by Pingalas.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Tibetan BuddhismSutārā (सुतारा) is the name of Vidyārājñī (i.e., “wisdom queen”) mentioned as attending the teachings in the 6th century Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa: one of the largest Kriyā Tantras devoted to Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of wisdom) representing an encyclopedia of knowledge primarily concerned with ritualistic elements in Buddhism. The teachings in this text originate from Mañjuśrī and were taught to and by Buddha Śākyamuni in the presence of a large audience (including Sutārā).
Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara SamadhiSutāra (सुतार) refers to “bright”, according to the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi [i.e., Cakrasamvara Meditation] ritual often performed in combination with the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, which refers to the primary pūjā and sādhanā practice of Newah Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna Buddhists in Nepal.—Accordingly, “In the Mandala, an obscured Himalaya, abiding seated in lotus posture, [..] a universal vajra, half moon and sun on the head, destroying darkness, bright (sutāra), destroying great fear, lord of the seat of the flaming vajra and bell, the semen of two divinities granted, secret non-dual knowledge, clasping a woman in a natural state of emptiness, [...] a helper for crossing over together, the dreadful wilderness of saṃsāra, routing Māra, Śrī Vajrasattva, homage”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: Een Kritische Studie Van Svayambhūdeva’s PaümacariuSutāra (सुतार) participated in the war between Rāma and Rāvaṇa, on the side of the latter, as mentioned in Svayambhūdeva’s Paumacariu (Padmacarita, Paumacariya or Rāmāyaṇapurāṇa) chapter 57ff. Svayambhū or Svayambhūdeva (8th or 9th century) was a Jain householder who probably lived in Karnataka. His work recounts the popular Rāma story as known from the older work Rāmāyaṇa (written by Vālmīki). Various chapters [mentioning Sutāra] are dedicated to the humongous battle whose armies (known as akṣauhiṇīs) consisted of millions of soldiers, horses and elephants, etc.
Source: archive.org: The Jaina IconographySutārā (सुतारा) (or Sutārī, Mahākālī) is the name of the Yakṣiṇī accompanying Suvidhinātha: the ninth of twenty-four Tīrthaṃkaras or Jinas.—Suvidhinātha has two names given to him, another being Puṣpadanta. There is a dispute over his emblem. Some say, it is a dolphin (Makara); others declare it is a crab. His Yakṣa and Yakṣiṇī are named Ajita and Sutārī Devī (Digambara: Mahākalī) respectively. The chowri-bearer has the name of Maghavatarāja. The religious tree under which he attained the Kevala knowledge is the Nāga according to some authorities, Malli according to other authorities.
Sutārā Yakṣiṇī of the Śvetāmbaras as described in their books rides a bull and bears four hands with Varada, rosary urn and goad. Mahākālī, the Digambara variant of the Yakṣiṇī sit upon a tortoise and carries in her hands Vajra, club, fruit and Vara-mudrā. The Yakṣiṇī’s toirtoise symbol originates from the same animal as used by Ajitā, her husband. As the names Sutārā or Mahākālī suggest, the Yakṣiṇī’s aspect seems, to some extent, to be Śaivite although Mahākālī has her part to play, as a Vidyādevī, with some common symbolic attributes.
Source: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra1) Sutārā (सुतारा) is the name of a Yakṣiṇī (i.e., Śāsanadevatās, ‘messenger-deities’) associated with Suvidhinātha, according to chapter 3.7 [suvidhinātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly:—“Originating in that congregation, Ajita, white-bodied, with a tortoise for a vehicle, holding a citron and a rosary in Ms right hands, an ichneumon and spear in her left hands, was the Lord’s messenger-deity always near. Likewise originating, Sutārā, fair-bodied, with a bull for a vehicle, holding a rosary in one right hand and the other in boon-granting position, holding a pitcher and a goad in her left hands, was the Lord’s messenger-deity always in attendance. With them always in his vicinity, the Lord of the World, a great ocean of compassion, wandered over the earth, enlightening the people”.
2) Sutārā (सुतारा) is the daughter of Jyotirmālā and Sūryakīrti, according to chapter 5.1 [śāntinātha-caritra].—Accordingly:—“[...] The soul of Satyabhāmā fell from Saudharma and became a daughter of Jyotirmālā and Sūryakīrti. Because her mother saw a dream of beautiful stars while she was an embryo, her parents gave her the name Sutārā. [...] Arkakīrti married his star-eyed daughter, Sutārā, to Śrīvijaya, Tripṛṣṭha’s son. Tripṛṣṭha married his fair daughter, Jyotiḥprabhā, to Amitatejas, Arkakīrti’s son. Śrīvijaya enjoyed pleasures of the senses with Sutārā and long-armed Amitatejas with Jyotiḥprabhā.”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarysutarā (सुतरा).—a (sūtra S through H) Clever, expert, sharp, smart, apt.
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sutāra (सुतार).—m (sūta or sūtradhāra S) A carpenter. They form a distinct caste. 2 A bird, the woodpecker. 3 A bird, Hoopoe, Upupa minor.
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sutārā (सुतारा).—m (sūta) A member of a loom. The cross or connecting piece of the bailā (frame of two sticks meeting transversely) in which are received and fastened the threads of the warp. It is the bar or cross-piece parallel with gulaḍā q. v.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishsutāra (सुतार).—m A carpenter. A bird, the wood- pecker.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionarySutāra (सुतार).—a.
1) very bright.
2) very loud; सुतारैः फूत्कारैः शिव शिव शिवेति प्रतनुमः (sutāraiḥ phūtkāraiḥ śiva śiva śiveti pratanumaḥ) Bhartṛhari 3.2.
3) having a beautiful pupil (as an eye).
-raḥ a kind of perfume.
-rā (in Sāṃkhya) one of the nine kinds of acquiescence.
Sutāra is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms su and tāra (तार).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionarySutara (सुतर).—[adjective] easily passed or attained.
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Sutāra (सुतार).—[adjective] very clear or loud.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Sutara (सुतर):—[=su-tara] [from su > su-tanaya] mfn. easy to be crossed, [Ṛg-veda; Mahābhārata]
2) [v.s. ...] easily passed (as a night), [Ṛg-veda]
3) Sutāra (सुतार):—[=su-tāra] [from su > su-tanaya] a mf(ā)n. very bright, [Rāmāyaṇa; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā; Kathāsaritsāgara]
4) [v.s. ...] very loud, [Bhartṛhari]
5) [v.s. ...] having a beautiful pupil (as an eye), [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
6) [v.s. ...] m. a [particular] per. fume, [Suśruta]
7) [v.s. ...] Name of a preceptor, [Catalogue(s)]
8) Sutārā (सुतारा):—[=su-tārā] [from su-tāra > su > su-tanaya] f. (in Sāṃkhya) one of the nine kinds of acquiescence (tuṣṭi), one of the eight kinds of perfection (siddhi; also ram n.), [Tattvasamāsa; Sāṃkhyakārikā [Scholiast or Commentator]]
9) [v.s. ...] Name of an Apsaras, [Kālacakra]
10) [v.s. ...] of a daughter of Śva-phalka, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
11) Sutāra (सुतार):—[=su-tāra] [from su > su-tanaya] n. a kind of cat’s eye, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
12) [v.s. ...]
13) [=su-tāra] b su-tāraka etc. See p. 1224, col. 1.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Sutāra (सुतार) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Sutāra, Sutarayā, Sutādā.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionarySutāra (सुतार) [Also spelled sutar]:—(nm) smooth harmonious state of things; -[kutāra] harmony and disharmony (of state of things), the state of being in gear and out of gear.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionarySutāra (सुतार) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Sutāra.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionarySutārā (सुतारा):—n. pl. of सुतारो [sutāro]
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Tara, Cu, Shu.
Starts with: Sutarada, Sutaradevi, Sutaradhar, Sutaraj, Sutaraka, Sutarakaar, Sutarakama, Sutaraki, Sutaralekhan, Sutaram, Sutarama, Sutarana, Sutaranala, Sutarasvara, Sutaraya.
Ends with: Asutara.
Full-text (+51): Sutaram, Pancala, Sambandha-sutra, Asutara, Kritaprapti, Sutarada, Vyaprita, Upamadgu, Anjishtha, Cutaray, Uttaralankara, Taratara, Sutada, Sutaraya, Tara, Sutaraki, Varcasvin, Pramohini, Sutar, Karigara.
Relevant text
Search found 17 books and stories containing Sutara, Su-tara, Su-tāra, Su-tārā, Sutāra, Sutārā, Sutarā; (plurals include: Sutaras, taras, tāras, tārās, Sutāras, Sutārās, Sutarās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Part 9: Kapila’s incarnation as Aśanighoṣa < [Chapter I - Five previous incarnations]
Part 6: Fourth incarnation as Amitatejas < [Chapter I - Five previous incarnations]
Part 10: Suvidhi’s messenger-deities (śāsanadevatās) < [Chapter VII - Suvidhināthacaritra]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
Rudra-Shiva concept (Study) (by Maumita Bhattacharjee)
15. Yogācārya incarnation of Śiva < [Chapter 5 - Rudra-Śiva in the Purāṇic Literature]
41. Other incarnations of Śiva < [Chapter 5 - Rudra-Śiva in the Purāṇic Literature]
The Shiva Purana (by J. L. Shastri)
Chapter 9 - Śiva’s incarnations as Yogācāryas < [Section 7.2 - Vāyavīya-saṃhitā (2)]
Chapter 4 - The story of Ṛṣabha < [Section 3 - Śatarudra-saṃhitā]
Chapter 41 - Devas eulogise Śiva < [Section 2.2 - Rudra-saṃhitā (2): Satī-khaṇḍa]
Mahabharata (English) (by Kisari Mohan Ganguli)
Section XXVIII < [Anugita Parva]