Shishta, Śiṣṭa, Shista, Sishta: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Shishta means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Śiṣṭa can be transliterated into English as Sista or Shishta, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Shisht.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaŚiṣṭa (शिष्ट).—Dhruva’s son by Dhanyā. Śiṣṭa married Succhāyā, daughter of Agni. Four sons, Kṛpa, Ripuñjaya, Vṛtta and Vṛka were born to them. (Matsya Purāṇa, 4, 38).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Śiṣṭa (शिष्ट).—A son of Dhruva and Dhanyā; married Succhāyā daughter of Agni.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 4. 38.
1b) Also designated Śanta and sādhus; those who have conquered the senses; sādhu brahmacāri, sādhu gṛhasta, sādhu vaikhānasa and sādhu yati by yoga practice; followers of smārta and śrauta karmas; put in practice ācāra which is eightfold; jitātmans.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 32. 19-53; 35. 192.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar1) Śiṣṭa (शिष्ट).—Cultured and learned people who want to speak correctly and who therefore have studied grammar; cf. के पुनः शिष्टाः । वैयाकरणाः । कुत एतत् । शास्त्रपूर्विका हि शिष्टिवैयाकरणाश्च शास्त्रझ्नाः । (ke punaḥ śiṣṭāḥ | vaiyākaraṇāḥ | kuta etat | śāstrapūrvikā hi śiṣṭivaiyākaraṇāśca śāstrajhnāḥ |) M. Bh. on P. VI. 1.109;
2) Śiṣṭa.—Enjoined, prescribed; cf. विपर्ययो ध्रुवशिष्टे (viparyayo dhruvaśiṣṭe)Sपरेषाम् । (pareṣām |) R.Pr.VI.120.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Nyaya (school of philosophy)
Source: academia.edu: Religious Inclusivism in the Writings of an Early Modern Sanskrit Intellectual (nyaya)Śiṣṭa (शिष्ट) (Cf. Jayantabhaṭṭa) refers to “people of high learning”, according to Jayanta Bhaṭṭa (ninth–tenth century), the great Naiyāyika from Kashmir, who was a close reader of Kumārila’s work.—[...] Three criteria of authenticity are particularly important to him: a tradition should have a certain degree of antiquity or continuity in time; it should be decent, that is, not anti-social or dangerous to others; and it should have acquired fame (prasiddhi) among a large number of respectable persons and have been embraced by many people of high learning (śiṣṭa). On this point too, Jayanta differs considerably from Kumārila, who relies exclusively on the vedamūlatva principle to determine what is legitimate and what is not, aware as he is of the danger of ‘relying on external, merely human and potentially relative standards’ (cf. Halbfass 1983: 16) to define the nature of dharma.
Nyaya (न्याय, nyaya) refers to a school of Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. The Nyaya philosophy is known for its theories on logic, methodology and epistemology, however, it is closely related with Vaisheshika in terms of metaphysics.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric TraditionsŚiṣṭa (शिष्ट) refers to the “(remaining) instruction (which is taught [/accepted] in the scripture)”, according to the Mṛgendrāgama Kriyāpāda verse 8.6-7.—Accordingly, “The śivadharmiṇī [initiation] is the root of success for the fruits of the Śaiva religion for the individual soul. There is another [kind of śivadharmiṇī] taught without the destruction of the body, up until the dissolution of the world. The remaining one is taught (śiṣṭa-iṣṭā) to be the lokadharmiṇī, for the purpose of [attaining the eight-fold supernatural powers] starting with aṇimā after the current life, after all the bad portions [of karma] were destroyed at all reality levels”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
In Jainism
Jain philosophy
Source: archive.org: Anekanta Jaya Pataka of Haribhadra SuriŚiṣṭa (शिष्ट) possibly refers to a “magnanimous-minded personality”, as used in the Anekāntajayapatākā-prakaraṇa, a Śvetāmbara Jain philosophical work written by Haribhadra Sūri.—[Cf. Vol. I, P. 2, l. 12]—Śiṣṭa means a “magnanimous-minded personality”.—See p 239, ll 6 & 7 of Vol II, where this word is explained as ‘mahātman’. As stated there his quality of being ‘śiṣṭa’ lies in his being ever ready to do good to others. ‘Samaya’ a homonym, here means a convention, practice So ‘śiṣṭānām samayaḥ’ means ‘practice of the good and the respectable’ i.e. to say the authority of good usage. It is thus equal to ‘śiṣṭācāra’. The duty of salutation is based upon it. The lines ‘tatra śiṣṭānāmaya vighnavināyakopaśāntaye’ occurs m the com (p 1b) on Pañcavatthuga and that (p 1a ) on Śāstravārtāsamuccaya.
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Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryśiṣṭa (शिष्ट).—p (S) Disciplined, trained, well educated or ordered. This is the literal but the following is the common sense. Orderly, regular, correct, of well-regulated or right walk and demeanour. 2 Excellent, pre-eminent, superior, high and reverend (for wisdom, learning, piety, birth). Ex. śiṣṭāgamanē anadhyāyaḥ Leave off your study when a venerable person enters.
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śiṣṭa (शिष्ट).—p S In comp. That remains or is left. Ex. hutaśiṣṭa, yajñaśiṣṭa.
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śista (शिस्त).—f ( P) Aim. v dhara, bāndha. 2 A roll of the householders (of a village &c.) from whom the revenue is to be gathered in, or upon whom an assessment is to be laid.
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śista (शिस्त).—a ( P Washed.) Suitable, conformable, becoming, correct, proper, fit.
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siṣṭa (सिष्ट).—&c. Corruptly written for śiṣṭa &c.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishśiṣṭa (शिष्ट).—p Disciplined, trained, regulated. Orderly, regular. Excellent.
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śista (शिस्त).—f Aim. Discipline. a Suitable, correct, fit.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryŚista (शिस्त).—[śaś-nak ni]
1) The penis or male organ of generation; गृहीतशिश्नश्चोत्थाय मृद्भिरभ्युद्धृतैर्जलैः (gṛhītaśiśnaścotthāya mṛdbhirabhyuddhṛtairjalaiḥ) Y.1.17; Manusmṛti 11.15.
2) A tail.
Derivable forms: śistam (शिस्तम्).
See also (synonyms): śiśna.
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Śiṣṭa (शिष्ट).—p. p. [śās-kta śiṣ-kta vā]
1) Left, remaining, residual, rest; यज्ञशिष्टाशिनः सन्तो मुच्यन्ते सर्वकिल्बिषैः (yajñaśiṣṭāśinaḥ santo mucyante sarvakilbiṣaiḥ) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 3.13.
2) Ordered, commanded.
3) Trained, educated, disciplined.
4) Tamed, docile, tractable.
5) Wise, learned; ते शिष्टा ब्राह्मणा ज्ञेयाः श्रुतिप्रत्यक्षहेतवः (te śiṣṭā brāhmaṇā jñeyāḥ śrutipratyakṣahetavaḥ) Manusmṛti 12.19; समौ हि शिष्टैराम्नातौ वर्त्स्यन्तावामयः स च (samau hi śiṣṭairāmnātau vartsyantāvāmayaḥ sa ca) Śiśupālavadha 1; Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1.234.
6) Virtuous, respectable.
7) Civil, polite.
8) Chief, principal, superior, excellent, distinguished, eminent; शिष्टा क्रिया कस्यचिदात्मसंस्था (śiṣṭā kriyā kasyacidātmasaṃsthā) M.1.16 (v. l. for śliṣṭā); द्वेष्योऽपि संमतः शिष्टस्तस्यार्तस्य यथौषधम् (dveṣyo'pi saṃmataḥ śiṣṭastasyārtasya yathauṣadham) R.1.28.
-ṣṭaḥ 1 An eminent or distinguished person.
2) A wise man.
3) A counsellor.
-ṣṭam 1 Remains, remnant.
2) Precept, rule.
3) Instruction.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryŚista (शिस्त).—(°-) (vikiram, adv.), [Prātimokṣasūtra des Sarvāstivādins] 534.1; Finot's note says ‘Corr. śiṣṭa-’, but surely text intends a Sktized form of Pali sittha = Sanskrit siktha, lump of rice; see vikira, and s.v. pṛthakkārakam.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚiṣṭa (शिष्ट).—mfn.
(-ṣṭaḥ-ṣṭā-ṣṭaṃ) 1. Obedient, docile. 2. Ordered, commanded, disciplined, trained. 3. Chief, principal, eminent, select. 4. Left, remaining. 5. Wise. m.
(-ṣṭaḥ) 1. A courtier, a counsellor. 2. A chief. E. śās to order, aff. kta, form irr.; or śiṣ to leave, kta aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚiṣṭa (शिष्ट).—1. [adjective] ordered, commanded ([person and thing]); taught, learned, wise. [masculine] a wise or a good man; [neuter] precept, rule, instruction.
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Śiṣṭa (शिष्ट).—2. [adjective] left, remaining; [neuter] rest, remainder.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Śiṣṭa (शिष्ट):—[from śās] a etc. See 1. śiṣṭa p. 1076, col. 3, and p. 1077, col. 1.
2) [from śiṣ] 1. śiṣṭa mfn. left, remaining, escaped, residual (often ifc. e.g. nala-ś, ‘having only the stem left’; hata-ś, ‘escaped from slaughter or destruction’), [Atharva-veda] etc. etc.
3) [v.s. ...] n. anything that remains or is left, remains, remnant, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa]; etc.
4) [from śiṣ] 2. śiṣṭa mfn. taught, directed, ordered, commanded (applied to persons and things), [Atharva-veda] etc. etc.
5) [v.s. ...] disciplined, cultured, educated, learned, wise (m. a learned or well-educated or wise man), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa]
6) [v.s. ...] eminent, superior, [Mālavikāgnimitra i, 15] ([varia lectio] for śliṣṭa)
7) [v.s. ...] m. (cf. above) a chief, [Horace H. Wilson]
8) [v.s. ...] a courtier, counsellor, [ib.]
9) [v.s. ...] n. precept, rule, [Ṛgveda-prātiśākhya]
10) [v.s. ...] instruction (See śiṣṭārtham).
11) Śīṣṭa (शीष्ट):—m. [plural] ([according to] to some) Name of a people, [Ṛg-veda viii, 53, 5.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚiṣṭa (शिष्ट):—[(ṣṭaḥ-ṣṭā-ṣṭaṃ) a.] Obedient, docile; ordered, trained, select. m. A chief, a courtier.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Śiṣṭa (शिष्ट) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Siṭṭha.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Śiṣṭa (शिष्ट) [Also spelled shisht]:—(a) civilised, courteous, gentle, decent, well-behaved; ~[maṃḍala] a delegation; deputation; -[sabhā] civil council; -[samāja] civilised society.
2) Śista (शिस्त) [Also spelled shist]:—(nf) alignment; a fingertip; —[bāṃdhanā] to align.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusŚiṣṭa (ಶಿಷ್ಟ):—
1) [adjective] remaining; left; residual.
2) [adjective] ordered; commanded 3) trained; disciplined; cultured.
3) [adjective] fit; proper; appropriate.
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Śiṣṭa (ಶಿಷ್ಟ):—
1) [noun] the quality of being proper, fitting or suitable; fitness; propriety.
2) [noun] good behaviour or conduct.
3) [noun] a cultured, refined man.
4) [noun] a learned man.
5) [noun] an order; a command.
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Siṣṭa (ಸಿಷ್ಟ):—[noun] (correctly, ಶಿಷ್ಟ [shishta]) a cultured, refined man.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+22): Shishta-vyangya, Shishtabage, Shishtabhaksha, Shishtabhashe, Shishtacara, Shishtacara-bheta, Shishtacara-mahapala, Shishtacaraviruddha, Shishtacari, Shishtachar-bhet, Shishtachara, Shishtacirna, Shishtadhyaya, Shishtadishta, Shishtagama, Shishtagita, Shishtaiki, Shishtakopa, Shishtamandala, Shishtantaka.
Ends with (+106): Abashishta, Acaracaturdashiparishishta, Adhanavidhiparishishta, Advaitaparishishta, Alpavashishta, Anashishta, Anushishta, Anvacayashishta, Anvachayashishta, Apashishta, Apratyakshashishta, Ashishta, Ashvalayanagrihyaparishishta, Atharvanaparishishta, Atharvaparishishta, Atishishta, Avashishta, Avishishta, Bahvricabrahmanaparishishta, Bahvricagrihyaparishishta.
Full-text (+135): Shishtasabha, Shishtacara, Ashishta, Madhushishta, Pratishishta, Yajnashishta, Shishtatva, Vishamashishta, Avashishta, Shishtasabhacara, Shraddhashishta, Shishtasammata, Apratyakshashishta, Parishishta, Utpattishishta, Anushishta, Shista baage, Vishishta, Satsadhusangha, Shishtata.
Relevant text
Search found 32 books and stories containing Shishta, Śiṣṭa, Sista, Shista, Śista, Sishta, Siṣṭa, Śīṣṭa; (plurals include: Shishtas, Śiṣṭas, Sistas, Shistas, Śistas, Sishtas, Siṣṭas, Śīṣṭas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
The Brahmanda Purana (by G.V. Tagare)
Chapter 32 - Yugas and classes of people: lineage of sages < [Section 2 - Anuṣaṅga-pāda]
Chapter 3 - Description of the dissolution of the Universe (b) < [Section 4a - Upasaṃhāra-pāda]
Chapter 6 - The Kalpas and Manvantaras: their duration < [Section 2 - Anuṣaṅga-pāda]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 12.109 < [Section XII - Doubtful Points of Law to be decided by the Assembly]
Verse 3.39 < [Section IV - The Eight Forms of Marriage]
Verse 12.110 < [Section XII - Doubtful Points of Law to be decided by the Assembly]
Gobhila-grihya-sutra (by Hermann Oldenberg)
Vasistha Dharmasutra (by Georg Bühler)
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