Saptasvara, Saptan-svara, Sapta-svara, Saptasvarā: 6 definitions
Introduction:
Saptasvara means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Manblunder: SaundaryalaharīSaptasvara (सप्तस्वर).—There are seven basic musical notes known as saptasvara (seven musical notes/sound) and these notes are sa, ṛ, gā, ma, pa, dha and ni and these notes are known as ṣaḍja, ṛṣabha, gāndhāra, madhyama, pañcama, dhaivata and niṣāda. Out of these seven only three, which are mentioned in this verse (ṣaḍja, gāndhāra and madhyama) are known as grāma.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammarSaptasvara (सप्तस्वर).—Lit, the seven accents; the term refers to the seven accents formed of the subdivisions of the three main Vedic accents उदात्त, अनुदात्त (udātta, anudātta) and स्वरित (svarita) viz उदात्त, उदात्ततर, अनुदात्त, अनुदात्ततर, स्वरित, स्वरितोदात्त (udātta, udāttatara, anudātta, anudāttatara, svarita, svaritodātta),and एकश्रुति (ekaśruti); cf. त एते तन्त्रे तरनिर्देशे सप्त स्वरा भवन्ति (ta ete tantre taranirdeśe sapta svarā bhavanti) (उदातः । उदात्ततरः । अनुदात्तः । अनुदात्ततरः । स्वरितः । स्वरिते य उदात्तः सोन्येन विशिष्टः । एकश्रुतिः सप्तमः ॥ (udātaḥ | udāttataraḥ | anudāttaḥ | anudāttataraḥ | svaritaḥ | svarite ya udāttaḥ sonyena viśiṣṭaḥ | ekaśrutiḥ saptamaḥ ||) M. Bh on P. I. 2. 33. It is possible that these seven accents which were turned into the seven notes of the chantings of the samans developed into the seven musical notes which have traditionally come down to the present day known as सा रे ग म प ध नी (sā re ga ma pa dha nī); cf. उदात्ते निषादगान्धारौ अनुदात्ते ऋषभधैवतौ । स्वरितप्रभवा ह्येते षड्जमध्यमपञ्चमाः । (udātte niṣādagāndhārau anudātte ṛṣabhadhaivatau | svaritaprabhavā hyete ṣaḍjamadhyamapañcamāḥ |) Pan. Siksa. The Vajasaneyi Pratisakhya mentions the seven accents differently; cf. उदात्तादयः परे सप्त । यथा-अभिनि-हितक्षैप्र-प्राश्लिष्ट-तैरोव्यञ्जन-तैरोविराम-पादवृत्त-ताथाभाव्याः (udāttādayaḥ pare sapta | yathā-abhini-hitakṣaipra-prāśliṣṭa-tairovyañjana-tairovirāma-pādavṛtta-tāthābhāvyāḥ) Uvvata on V.Pr.I.ll4.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstraSaptasvarā (सप्तस्वरा) refers to the “four heptatonic Jātis”, according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 28.—Accordingly, “The jātis relating to the overlapping notes are three in number: Madhyama, Pañcamī and Ṣaḍjamadhyā. Their constituent parts are Ṣaḍja, Madhyama and Pañcama of which the Pañcamī will be distinct, but weaker than the rest in its own note”.
The following are the four heptatonic Jātis (saptasvarā):
- the Madhyamodīcavā,
- the Ṣaḍjakaiśikī,
- the Karmāravī and
- the Gāndhārapañcamī.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarysaptasvara (सप्तस्वर).—m pl S pop. saptasūra m pl The seven notes of music; viz. sā, ri, ga, ma, pa, dha, ni, representing niṣāda, ṛṣabha, gāndhāra, ṣaḍja, madhyama, dhaivata, pañcama.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionarySaptasvara (सप्तस्वर).—the seven musical notes (i. e. sā, ri, ga, ma, pa, dha, nī).
Derivable forms: saptasvaraḥ (सप्तस्वरः).
Saptasvara is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms saptan and svara (स्वर).
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusSaptasvara (ಸಪ್ತಸ್ವರ):—[noun] (used in pl. with -ಗಳು [galu]) the seven notes of Indian music systems.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Sapta, Svara.
Starts with: Saptashvaratha, Saptasvaram.
Full-text: Prithak, Vimurchana, Gitaka, Saptasvaram, Ekashruti, Svara.
Relevant text
Search found 5 books and stories containing Saptasvara, Saptan-svara, Sapta-svara, Saptasvarā, Saptan-svarā, Sapta-svarā; (plurals include: Saptasvaras, svaras, Saptasvarās, svarās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
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Kavyamimamsa of Rajasekhara (Study) (by Debabrata Barai)
Part 4.2 - Ascertaintion and Division of Kāku (poetic intonation) < [Chapter 5 - Analyasis and Interpretations of the Kāvyamīmāṃsā]
Gati in Theory and Practice (by Dr. Sujatha Mohan)
Analysis of technical terms: Nāṭya, Nṛtta, Nṛtya < [Chapter 1 - Nāṭya]
Natyashastra (English) (by Bharata-muni)