Sapatha, Śapatha, Shapatha: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Sapatha means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Śapatha can be transliterated into English as Sapatha or Shapatha, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Shapath.
Images (photo gallery)
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgricultureŚapatha (शपथ) refers to a “curse”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly [as the Nāgas requested the Bhagavān for help], “O Bhagavān, extremely dreadful mantrapadas have been uttered. [...] By mere recollection we will keep off excessive rain. We will not break the authorization of the Tathāgata’s words. Moreover, O Bhagavān, we will give the curse (śapatha) dhāraṇī-mantrapadas. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarysapatha : (m.) an oath.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionarySapatha, (fr. śap) an oath Vin. I, 347; J. I, 180, 267; III, 138; SnA 418. (Page 679)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryśapatha (शपथ).—f ī or ē m (S) An asseveration by oath or ordeal, an oath. v ghē, vāha, khā, kara, & dē. śapatha is used with jara If, or without jara in a construction implying condition, and in solemn disallowal or counter-asseveration; thus agreeing with the Hebrew idiom. See Mark viii, 12., Heb. iii., 11., iv. 5. Greek. Ex. hālivalyā aṅgāvara or kāḍīvara paḍēla tara śa0; pāūsa hyā ṭhikāṇīṃ paḍalā tara śa0; i. e. it positively shall not fall or did not fall. Very numerous are the forms of Oath-taking or swearing, all instructive concerning the moral state and the sense of moral obligation of the Maraṭha people. Some of the phrases exhibiting the common forms are: -dēvāvaracā bēla or phūla or tuḷasa kāḍhaṇēṃ or ucalaṇēṃ; gāyīcēṃ śēpūṭa dharaṇēṃ; brāmhaṇācyā pāyāvara hāta ṭhēvaṇēṃ; kaḍhayīntūna (paisā, ravā &c.) kāḍhūna dēṃṇēṃ; gītā gaṅgā- jaḷī ghēṇēṃ or ucalūna dēṇēṃ; mājhīṃ lēṅkarēṃ bāḷēṃ marōta mhaṇaṇēṃ; mulāvara hāta ṭhēvūna bōlaṇēṃ; ardhyā gaṅgēta ubhā rāhūna bōlaṇēṃ; bharalyā āḍhyākhālīṃ or āḍhyākhālīṃ bōlaṇēṃ; agnīvara hāta ṭhēvūna bōlaṇēṃ; kaḍhalyā tēlāntūna (kāhīṃ ēka) kāḍhaṇēṃ; gāyīcā cārā ḍōkyāvara ghēūna bōlaṇēṃ; bēlabhaṇḍāra ghēṇēṃ or ucalaṇēṃ; raktācī āṇa; vidyā- icāṇa; annācī āṇa; dēvācī āṇa or dēvācēṇa; tumacyā pāyācī āṇa &c. &c. For phrases or expressions embodying forms of asseveration akin to swearing see bharalyā bandākhālīṃ basaṇēṃ under banda. śa0 vāhāyālā mōkaḷā hōṇēṃ To be free to make oath; to be clear in conscience to swear; i. e. (whilst being chargeable with having done scarcely anything or any portion) to have done enough to swear by.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishśapatha (शपथ).—f An oath. śapatha vāhāyālā mōkaḷā hōṇēṃ Have done enough to swear by.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryŚapatha (शपथ).—[śap-athan Uṇādi-sūtra 3.112]
1) Cursing.
2) A curse, an imprecation, anathema.
3) An oath, swearing, taking or administering an oath, asseveration by oath or ordeal; आमोदो न हि कस्तूर्याः शपथेनानुभाव्यते (āmodo na hi kastūryāḥ śapathenānubhāvyate) Bv.1.12; Manusmṛti 8.19.
4) Conjuration, binding by oaths; सपदि शपथैः प्रत्यावृत्तिं प्रणम्य च याचते (sapadi śapathaiḥ pratyāvṛttiṃ praṇamya ca yācate) Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 3.2.
Derivable forms: śapathaḥ (शपथः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚapatha (शपथ).—m.
(-thaḥ) 1. An oath, asseveration by oath or ordeal. 2. An imprecation. 3. Cursing, wishing ill to. E. śap to swear, Unadi aff. athan .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚapatha (शपथ).—[śap + atha], m. 1. An imprecation, curse, [Pañcatantra] 62, 2; cursing. 2. An oath, asseveration by oath or ordeal, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 109; 190; [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 130. 3. Conjuration, [Daśakumāracarita] in
Śapatha (शपथ).—[masculine] curse, oath, ordeal.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Śapatha (शपथ):—[from śap] m. (and n. [gana] ardharcādi ifc. f(ā). ) a curse, imprecation, anathema, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
2) [v.s. ...] an oath, vow, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
3) [v.s. ...] an ordeal, [Nārada-smṛti, nāradīya-dharma-śāstra]
4) [v.s. ...] scolding, reviling, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚapatha (शपथ):—(thaḥ) 1. m. Idem.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Śapatha (शपथ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Savaha.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryŚapatha (शपथ) [Also spelled shapath]:—(nf) an oath, swearing; —[grahaṇa karanā] to take an oath, —, [gopanīyatā kī] oath of secrecy; —[dilānā] to administer an oath; -[patra] an affidavit; —[bhaṃga karanā] to commit a breach of oath; —[lenā] to take an oath.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusŚapatha (ಶಪಥ):—
1) [noun] a calling on God or the gods to send evil or injury down on some person or thing; a curse.
2) [noun] a profane, obscene or blasphemous oath, imprecation, etc. expressing hatred, anger, vexation, etc.; a curse.
3) [noun] a formal or ritual declaration that one would do, refrain from doing, etc. made in the name of a god or some revered person; an oath; a vow.
4) [noun] ಶಪಥಮಾಡು [shapathamadu] śapatha māḍu to make a formal or ritual declaration, in the name of a god or a revered person that one would do or refrain from doing something; to take an oath, vow.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Capatakkaran, Capatam-ayiru, Capatampotu, Capatampulam, Capatapam, Capatari, Shapatha-grahana, Shapathajambhana, Shapathakarana, Shapathamgey, Shapathapatra, Shapathapattra, Shapathapurvakam, Shapathayavana, Shapathayopana, Shapathottaram.
Ends with: Akashapatha, Anashapatha, Hamsapatha, Harshapatha, Nagashapatha, Paribhashapatha, Satyashapatha.
Full-text (+22): Sapana, Shapathapurvakam, Shapathakarana, Shapathottaram, Shapathajambhana, Sashapatham, Shapathayavana, Shapathayopana, Shapathapattra, Shaphata, Shapatam, Mithyanirasana, Shapatha-grahana, Shapathiy, Savaha, Capatakkaran, Anashapatha, Satyashapatha, Atha, Shapathapatra.
Relevant text
Search found 11 books and stories containing Sapatha, Śapatha, Shapatha; (plurals include: Sapathas, Śapathas, Shapathas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 2.2.33 < [Chapter 2 - Description of Girirāja Govardhana’s Birth]
Verse 5.4.18 < [Chapter 4 - The Journey to Śrī Mathurā]
Verse 5.4.12 < [Chapter 4 - The Journey to Śrī Mathurā]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 1.6.97 < [Chapter 6 - Priyatama (the most beloved devotees)]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 1.5.40 < [Chapter 5 - Eating the Mendicant Brāhmaṇa’s Offerings]
Verse 1.7.147 < [Chapter 7 - Śrī Viśvarūpa Takes Sannyāsa]
Verse 1.6.110 < [Chapter 6 - The Lord Begins Studying and His Childhood Mischief]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 8.111 < [Section XVIII - Oaths and Ordeals]
Verse 8.110 < [Section XVIII - Oaths and Ordeals]
Atithi or Guest Reception (study) (by Sarika. P.)
Part 2 - Introduction to the Dharmasūtra Literature < [Chapter 5 - The Dharmaśāstra Literature]
Amarakoshodghatana of Kshirasvamin (study) (by A. Yamuna Devi)
Education (5): Linguistic principles < [Chapter 4 - Cultural Aspects]
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