Salaka, Salākā, Sālaka, Shalaka: 25 definitions

Introduction:

Salaka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

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In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

Śalākā (शलाका).—Wife of maharṣi Dhanañjaya, who belonged to Vasiṣṭha gotra. (For details see under Dhanañjaya V).

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Śalākā (शलाका) refers to a “salve stick (for applying collyrium to one’s eyes)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.45 (“Śiva’s comely form and the Jubilation of the Citizens”).—Accordingly, after Menā spoke to Śiva: “By that time the ladies of the town left the work they were engaged in, in their eagerness to see Śiva. [...] Another lady left her husband who had sat down to dine and came out athirsting and enthusiastic to see the bridegroom. A certain lady holding the collyrium in her hand after applying it to one of her eyes came out to see the bridegroom of the daughter of the mountain with the salve stick (śalākā) still in her hand. [...]”.

Purana book cover
context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Śalākā (शलाका) refers to “scalpel” (i.e., the scalpel of divine knowledge), according to the second recension of the Yogakhaṇḍa of the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, as Śaṃkara said to Bhagavat (Viṣṇu): “[...] And I do not ever want knowledge of the Command from you. Nonetheless, even though I have become distraught (vikala) in the Middle Country, I have come recalling to mind that scalpel of divine knowledge [i.e., divyajñāna-śalākā]. The goddess Umā is my wife who, due to Māyā I have not know.... (?) Recollecting you I have come, O great lady, greedy for knowledge. [...]”.

Shaktism book cover
context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Google Books: Studies in the History of the Exact Sciences (Astronomy)

Śalākā (शलाका) refers to a “needle”, according to the Ghaṭikāyantraghaṭanāvidhi, an unpublished manuscript describing the ritual connected with the setting up of the water clock and its invocation.—Accordingly, “Salutation to Śrī Gaṇeśa. Now the method of setting up the water clock. A pure vessel, made of copper of ten palas in weight, of the shape of a hemisphere, measuring six aṅgulas from the bottom to the top, evenly dense, in width twelve aṅgulas; pierced by a golden needle [i.e., svarṇa-śalākā], made of one māṣa increased by three (tripacayā?). After measuring with that vessel, if it sinks sixty times (or, if it is filled in sixty palas of time), then it is a [proper] water clock”.

Jyotisha book cover
context information

Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

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Yoga (school of philosophy)

Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Śalākā (शलाका) refers to a “rod (of molten iron)”, according to the Yogabīja 125-26 and Gorakṣaśataka 79-84.—Accordingly, “Seated in Vajrāsana and having caused Kuṇḍalinī to stir, [the Yogin] should perform [the Prāṇāyāma known as] Bhastrā [so that] he quickly awakens Kuṇḍalinī. The knots in the spine are pierced with [this] rod of molten iron (taptaloha-śalākā)”.

Yoga book cover
context information

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

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Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Śalākā (शलाका) refers to a “needle” (used for piercing the muscles in the treatment of hawks), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the treatment of hawks]: “In the former case (inflammations produced by bile), the powder of the bark of the moon plant mixed with sessamum oil is to be given with meat: this may also be plastered over the affected part. If it is the effect of the distemper of the phlegm, two muscles are to be pierced with a heated iron needle (śalākā). [...]”.

Arts book cover
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This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

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Ayurveda (science of life)

Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)

Source: Shodhganga: Drumavichitrikarnam—Plant mutagenesis in ancient India

Śalākā (शलाका) refers to a “rod”, which is used by certain bio-organical recipes for plant mutagenesis, such as turning plants into creepers, according to the Vṛkṣāyurveda by Sūrapāla (1000 CE): an encyclopedic work dealing with the study of trees and the principles of ancient Indian agriculture.—Accordingly, “Musa paradisiaca tree with its root pierced with a golden rod (hema-śalākā) heated in fire of dust of ivory, turns into a creeper producing fruits for a long time (or fruits of large size). Musa paradisiaca creeper produces wealth in the form of plantains as big as elephant's teeth if the roots are pierced with an iron needle which is heated in the fire made of dry cow dung and bones of pig, elephant and horse”.

Ayurveda book cover
context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper Names

A monkey. See the Salaka Jataka.

context information

Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

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India history and geography

Source: archive.org: Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 1963

Sālakā is the name of a house constructed by Devānaṃpiya Tissa (B.C. 247-207) at Mahāvihāra in Anurādhapura. It was restored by Sirisaṃghabodhi (247-249) and Udaya I (797-801). Mahāvihāra, also called the Tissārāma, was a region in the Southern Area of the city of Anurādhapura, founded in B.C. 246 by Devānaṃpiya Tissa and presented to the great Thera, Mahinda. Its territory (including the Sālakā house) comprised the Jotivana (previously called Nandana) and Mahāmegha Parks, the area to south and south-east of the citadel.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Śalākā.—cf. śalāgai (SITI), name of a coin also called palañ- śalāgai (accu) and śrīyakki-palañśalāgai. Note: śalākā is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

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Śalākā.—same as Tamil śalāgai. Note: śalākā is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

India history book cover
context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

salākā : (f.) a blade of grass; ribs of a parasol; a surgical instrument; tickets consisting of slips of wood; a lot.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Sālaka, (Sk. syāla+ka) a brother-in-law J. II, 268. (Page 706)

— or —

Salākā, (f.) (cp. Vedic śalākā) 1. an arrow, a dart A iv. 107 (T. has it as nt.).—2. a small stick, peg, thin bar S iv. 168; Dāvs iv. 51.—3. blade of a grass M i. 79; J i. 439.—4. ribs of a parasol Vin iv. 338; SnA 487; Miln. 226.—5. a pencil, small stick (used in painting the eyes with collyrium) Vin i. 204; J iii. 419 (añjana˚). ‹-› 6. a kind of needle Vin ii. 116.—7. a kind of surgical instrument, a stick of caustic Miln. 112, 149.—8. a gong stick (of bronze, loha˚) J ii. 342; Vism. 283.—9. membrum virile J ii. 359.—10. a ticket consisting of slips of wood used in voting and distributing food, vote, lot Vin ii. 99, 176, 306; J i. 123; PvA. 272 (kāḷakaṇṇi˚); salākaŋ gaṇhāti to take tickets (in order to vote or to be counted) Vin i. 117; ii. 199; paṭhaman salākaŋ gaṇhanto taking the first vote, first rate A i. 24; salākaŋ gāheti to issue tickets, to take a vote Vin ii. 205; salākaŋ dadāti to issue tickets J i. 123; salākaŋ vāreti to throw lots J i. 239 (kāḷakaṇṇi˚).

Pali book cover
context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

śalaka (शलक) [or ख, kha].—f ( A) A volley.

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śalākā (शलाका).—f (S) A spike (as of grass), a straw, a reed, a little rod or pin, a piece of wire, a long, thin, and pointed body in general;--as a rib of an umbrella, a bar of a cage, a slip of bamboo used as a match, a fibrous stick used as a brush or pencil, a toothpick, a tent or probe, a fescue &c. &c.

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śālaka (शालक).—m (Properly śyālaka) A wife's brother. 2 Applied to the husband of one's sister.

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śāḷaka (शाळक).—m (śyālaka S) A wife's brother. 2 Applied to the husband of one's sister.

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salaka (सलक) [or ख, kha].—f ( A) A dashing shower of rain. 2 A volley of fire-arms.

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saḷaka (सळक).—f P A shower of rain. 2 Used, by some, for śalaka or ख. saḷaka dhāra In heavy showers or streams, in torrents--raining.

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saḷakā (सळका).—m (Imit. saḷa! saḷa!) Morbid itching and longing (of the teeth to eat or bite). v suṭa, yē, lāga, jā, jira. Although the approved sense is the restricted one above (dāntācā saḷakā); yet other applications of the general sense given under the verb saḷasaḷaṇēṃ are occasionally met with. 2 A heavy shower. v .

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

śalaka (शलक) [-kha, -ख].—f A volley.

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śalākā (शलाका).—f A spike. A long, thin and pointed body.

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śālaka (शालक).—m A brother-in-law.

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salaka (सलक).—f A sharp, shooting pain.

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saḷaka (सळक).—f A shower of rain.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Śalaka (शलक).—

1) A spider.

2) A bird.

Derivable forms: śalakaḥ (शलकः).

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Śalākā (शलाका).—[śal-ākaḥ Uṇādi-sūtra 4.15]

1) A small stick, peg, rod, pin, piece, thin bar (of anything); अयस्कान्तमणिशलाका (ayaskāntamaṇiśalākā) Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 1.

2) A pencil, small stick (used in painting the eyes with collyrium); अज्ञानान्धस्य लोकस्य ज्ञानाञ्जन- शलाकया । चक्षुरुन्मीलितं येन तस्मै पाणिनये नमः (ajñānāndhasya lokasya jñānāñjana- śalākayā | cakṣurunmīlitaṃ yena tasmai pāṇinaye namaḥ) || Śik.58; Kumārasambhava 1. 47; ययौ शलाकामपरा वहन्ती (yayau śalākāmaparā vahantī) R.7.8.

3) An arrow.

4) A dart, javelin.

5) A probe or a kind of pointed surgical instrument.

6) A rib (as of an umbrella); न ते शतशलाकेन (na te śataśalākena)...छत्रेणाभिविराजते (chatreṇābhivirājate) Rām.2.26.1.

7) A bone (forming the root of the fingers and toes); पाणिपाद- शलाकाश्च तेषां स्थानचतुष्टयम् (pāṇipāda- śalākāśca teṣāṃ sthānacatuṣṭayam) Y.3.85.

8) A sprout, spring, shoot; उद्भिन्नया रत्नशलाकयेव (udbhinnayā ratnaśalākayeva) Kumārasambhava 1.24.

9) A paint-brush.

1) A tooth-brush, tooth-pick.

11) A porcupine.

12) An oblong piece of ivory or bone used in gambling.

13) A ruler.

14) The Sārikā bird.

15) A peg, pin; ततोऽम्बष्ठोऽस्थिभेदिन्या निरभिद्यच्छलाकया (tato'mbaṣṭho'sthibhedinyā nirabhidyacchalākayā) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 7.25.5.

16) Bar (of a cage or window).

17) A finger; शलाकानखपातैश्च (śalākānakhapātaiśca) (yuddhamabhavat) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 4.13.29.

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Śālaka (शालक).—A jester, buffoon.

Derivable forms: śālakaḥ (शालकः).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Śalākā (शलाका).—(specialized mgs. of Sanskrit id.; also śilākā, q.v.), (1) app. stick used in counting (so Burnouf; Kern, magic wand): (gaṇayeta yadī naraḥ) śalākāṃ gṛhya hastena paryantaṃ naiva so labhet Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 305.14 (verse), if a man counted them, taking a counting-stick in his hand, he could never get to the end; (2) (= Pali sal°) lot: see s.v. cārayati 1; according to Chin. and Japanese on Mahāvyutpatti 9204, a bamboo stick; (3) (= Pali sal°) ticket for food, used by Buddhist monks when entertainment was offered them: (Ānanda, bhikṣūn ārocaya, yo yuṣmākam utsahate śvaḥ Sūrpārakaṃ naga- raṃ gatvā) bhoktuṃ, so śalākāṃ gṛhṇātv iti Divyāvadāna 44.4, and ff. Just before this, in 43.27, (tāni puṣpāṇi…Jeta- vane gatvā vṛddhānte) sthitāni, dhūpo 'bhrakūṭavad [Page524-b+ 71] udakaṃ vaidūryaśalākāvat (for vaiḍ°), probably like a sliver of vaiḍūrya (in color), with ordinary Sanskrit meaning of śalākā.

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Śalākā (शलाका) or Śilākā.—q.v. in meaning (3): Mūla-Sarvāstivāda-Vinaya i.30.3, 5, 6, 7; in meaning (2) or (3), ib. ii.120.6, 8, ms. śilākā, ed. em. śīlākā (why?); in 8 ms. °kā-caryamāṇāyaṃ, read °kāyāṃ cār°, see cārayati.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śalaka (शलक).—m.

(-kaḥ) A spider. E. śal to go, aff. vun .

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Śalākā (शलाका).—f.

(-kā) 1. A javelin, a dart. 2. An arrow. 3. A porcupine. 4. The rib of an umbrella, the bar of a cage, &c., or any such small stake, rod, peg, or pin; it is applied also in common use, to a thin slip of bamboo, serving when tipped with sulphur for a match; to a round pointed piece of wood or bamboo serving as a toothpick; to a similar piece employed as a tent or probe, or to a larger one used as a ruler, &c. 5. A bone. 6. An oblong quadrangular piece of ivory or bone used in playing a particular game, a domino. 7. A fibrous stick used as a brush or pencil. 8. A thorny shrub, (Vangueria spinosa.) 9. The Sarika, (Turdus Gosalica, Buch.) 10. A shoot, a sprout. E. śal to go, Unadi aff. ākan .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śalaka (शलक).—m. A spider; [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 179, read śalākāṃ.

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Śalākā (शलाका).— (cf. śala), f. 1. A javelin. 2. An arrow. 3. A small stake, rod, the bar of a cage, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 179; a rib of an umbrella, etc. 4. A fibrous stick used as a brush or pencil, [Suśruta] 1, 33, 18; a pencil, [Raghuvaṃśa, (ed. Stenzler.)] 7, 8. 5. A porcupine. 6. A piece of ivory used in particular games, a domino, Mahābhārata 5, 1225 (read ºkā-dhūrtān, Sharpers). 7. A bone. 8. A bird, Turdus gosalica.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śalāka (शलाक).—[masculine] chip, splinter, stalk, rod, stick, peg, pin; finger, toe; quill of the porcupine.

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Śalākā (शलाका).—[feminine] chip, splinter, stalk, rod, stick, peg, pin; finger, toe; quill of the porcupine.

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Śālāka (शालाक).—[masculine] a bunch of chips or fagots; fagot-fire.

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Sālaka (सालक).—[adjective] having curled hair.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Śalaka (शलक):—[from śal] m. a spider, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

2) [v.s. ...] a bird, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

3) Śalakā (शलका):—[from śalaka > śal] f. [wrong reading] for śalākā, [Pañcatantra]

4) Śalāka (शलाक):—[from śal] m. (rare) = śalākā, [Kāṭhaka; Nārada-smṛti, nāradīya-dharma-śāstra; Mahābhārata]

5) Śalākā (शलाका):—[from śal] f. any small stake or stick, rod (for stirring etc.), twig (smeared with lime for catching birds), rib (of an umbrella), bar (of a cage or window), chip, splinter, splint, pencil (for painting or applying collyrium), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa] etc. etc.

6) [v.s. ...] a piece of bamboo (borne as a kind of credential by mendicants and marked with their name), [Buddhist literature]

7) [v.s. ...] the quill of a porcupine, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra [Scholiast or Commentator]]

8) [v.s. ...] an oblong quadrangular piece of ivory or bone (used in playing a [particular] game), [ib.]

9) [v.s. ...] a peg, pin, arrow-head, needle, a probe (used in surgery and sometimes taken as the Name of this branch of, surgery, [Suśruta]), any pointed instrument, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa; Śārṅgadhara-saṃhitā]

10) [v.s. ...] a sprout, sprig, shoot of any kind (See ratna-ś)

11) [v.s. ...] a ruler, [Horace H. Wilson]

12) [v.s. ...] a toothpick or tooth-brush, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

13) [v.s. ...] a match or thin piece of wood (used for ignition by friction), [Horace H. Wilson]

14) [v.s. ...] a bone, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

15) [v.s. ...] a finger, toe, [Viṣṇu-smṛti, viṣṇu-sūtra, vaiṣṇava-dharma-śāstra; Yājñavalkya]

16) [v.s. ...] a porcupine, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

17) [v.s. ...] a [particular] thorny shrub, Vanguieria Spinosa, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

18) [v.s. ...] the Sārikā bird, Turdus Salica, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

19) [v.s. ...] Name of a town, [Rāmāyaṇa]

20) [v.s. ...] of a woman [gana] śubhrādi.

21) Śālaka (शालक):—[from śāla] mfn. (ifc.) = śāla1 or = śālā (See tri-, pīta-, priya-ś)

22) [v.s. ...] m. ([probably]) a jester, buffoon, [Pāṇini 1-4, 106 [Scholiast or Commentator]]

23) Śālāka (शालाक):—m. ([from] śalāka) a collection of chips or brush-wood, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra]

24) m. ([scilicet] agni) a fire of brush-wood, [Āśvalāyana-śrauta-sūtra]

25) Sālaka (सालक):—mfn. adorned with locks (of hair), [Kāvyādarśa]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Śalaka (शलक):—(kaḥ) 1. m. A spider.

2) Śalākā (शलाका):—(kā) 1. f. A javelin, arrow; thorny shrub; thrush; porcupine; fibrous stick used as a brush or pencil; peg or pin; tooth-brush; bone.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Śalākā (शलाका) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Salāgā, Salāyā.

[Sanskrit to German]

Salaka in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Śalākā (शलाका):—(nf) a rod; spoke; bar; (archaic usage) ballot; -[puruṣa] a divine personage.

context information

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Śālaka (ಶಾಲಕ):—[noun] one’s younger sisteṛs husband.

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Sālaka (ಸಾಲಕ):—[noun] one’s younger sister’s husband.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Discover the meaning of salaka in the context of Kannada from relevant books on Exotic India

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