Parivara, Parivāra, Pārivāra, Parīvāra: 26 definitions

Introduction
Image gallery
In Hinduism
In Buddhism
1. Mahayana
2. Tibetan Buddhism
India history
Languages
1. Pali
2. Marathi
3. Sanskrit
4. Hindi
5. Prakrit
6. Kannada
7. Nepali
See also
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Introduction:

Parivara means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Parivar.

Images (photo gallery)

In Hinduism

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam

Parivāra (परिवार) refers to:—Family; lineage. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).

context information

Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Parīvāra (परीवार) refers to a “family”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.11.—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated: “After saying this, the lord of the mountains [i.e., Himācala/Himālaya] returned at once to his abode and enthusiastically narrated everything to his beloved wife. O Nārada, calling together all his attendants with the members of their families [i.e., parīvāra], the lord of the mountains said emphatically [...]”.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Vastushastra (architecture)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (architecture)

Parivāra (परिवार) or Parivārālaya refers to “subsidiary (shrines)”, according to the Devyāmata (chapter 105).—Accordingly, [trees for the surrounding gardens]—“[...] As before, the surrounding wall should be made straight, well erected and level. My dear, having established the subsidiary shrines (parivārālaya) beyond the wall, everything should be made thus, complete, and in due sequence. Beyond the residence, it is surrounded by a garden and has a surrounding wall. Everything to be done has been altogether declared. Thus ends the chapter on the residence”.

context information

Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: eScholarship: The descent of scripture: a history of the Kamikagama

Parivāra (परिवार) refers to “attendant deities”, according to the Kāmikāgama: an ancient Śaiva Āgama scripture in 12,000 Sanskrit verses dating to at least the 5th century and represented as an encyclopedic account of ritual instructions (kriyāpāda).—In modern print editions, the Kāmika-āgama is structured in two major parts. The Pūrvabhāga consists of 75 chapters (paṭalas) [...] Chapter 71 details the characteristics of temple enclosures. Chapters 72 and 73 focus on the installation and worship of attendant deities (parivāra-sthāpana, parivāra-arcana).

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Parivāra (परिवार) refers to the Bodhisattva’s “entourage”, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter L.—Accordingly, “the Bodhisattva wishes to acquire ‘a Bodhisattva entourage’ (parivāra). There are Buddhas who are surrounded only by Bodhisattvas; there are Buddhas who are surrounded only by śrāvakas; there are Buddhas who are surrounded by both bodhisattvas and śrāvakas. This is why the Prajñāpāramitāsūtra says here that, in order to acquire an entourage composed exclusively of Bodhisattvas, the Bodhisattva must practice the Prajñāpāramitā”.

There are three kinds of entourage (parivāra): superior, middling and inferior. The inferior one is made up of Śrāvakas alone; the middling one is a mixture [of Śrāvakas and Bodhisattvas]; the superior one consists only of Bodhisattvas.

Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on Agriculture

Parivāra (परिवार) refers to the “retinue” (of a snake-king—nāgarāja), according to the 2nd-century Meghasūtra (“Cloud Sutra”) in those passages which contain ritual instructions.—Accordingly, “[...] For thrice seven days uninterruptedly, with cow-dung, in the eastern quarter the snake-king called Triple-crest, with his retinue (parivāra), must be painted; in the western, the snake king called Avabhāsanasikhin is to be painted, seven crested, with a retinue of serpents; in the north, the snake-king called Meghasaṃcodana, nine-crested, is to be depicted; a blue canopy and blue dress, blue banner and all the offering is to be made blue; but the sweet offering to the snakes, and the triple-sweet, must be offered,—an oblation of all; [...]”

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara Samadhi

Parivāra (परिवार) refers to “family” [i.e., sakala-parivārāṇāṃ], according to the Guru Mandala Worship (maṇḍalārcana) ritual often performed in combination with the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, which refers to the primary pūjā and sādhanā practice of Newah Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna Buddhists in Nepal.

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

India history and geography

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Parivāra.—(SII 3), a servant. Cf. horaka-parivāra (ML), explained as ‘the following of horakas.’ Note: parivāra is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

parivāra : (m.) retinue; suite; pomp; followers.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Parivāra, (fr. pari+vṛ) 1. surrounding, suite, retinue, followers, entourage, pomp J. I, 151; IV, 38; VI, 75; PvA. 21, 30 (°cāga-cetana, read pariccāga-cetana?); usually as adj.—° surrounded by, in company of Vin. I, 38 (dasasata°); A. II, 91 (deva° & asura°); J. I, 92 (mahā-bhikkhusaṅgha°); Pug. 52 (pheggu sāra°; with explanation PugA 229: rukkho sayaṃ-pheggu hoti, parivāra-rukkhā pan’assa sārā honti); Miln. 285 (dvisahassa-paritta-dīpa-p° ā, cattāro mahā dīpā); Vism. 37; DhA. III, 262 (pañcasatabhikkhu°); PvA. 53 (accharā-sahassa°), 74 (dvisahassadīpa°); sa° with a retinue (of ... ) J. I, 49 (cattāro dīpe); PvA. 20.—2. followers, accompaniment or possession as a sign of honour, and therefore meaning “respect, ” attendance, homage, fame (cp. paricāra) A. I, 38 °sampadā) Ps. I, 172 (pariggaha, p. , paripūra); DhA. II, 77; ThA. 241 (dhana+, riches and fame); VbhA. 466; PvA. 137 (sampatti=yaso); VvA. 122 (=yaso).—3. ingredient, accessories (pl.), requisite J. I, 266 (pañca-sugandhika°); Miln. 290 (sa° dāna); DA. I, 297 (=parikkhārā).—4. as N. it is the name of the last book of the Vinaya Piṭaka (“The Accessory”), the Appendix, a sort of résumé and index of the preceding books SnA 97 (sa-parivāraka Vinaya-piṭaka); VbhA. 432. (Page 435)

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

parivāra (परिवार).—m (S) Dependents, followers, retinue, train.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

parivāra (परिवार).—m Dependents, retinue.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Parivāra (परिवार) or Parīvāra (परीवार).—

1) Train, retinue, attendants or followers collectively; (yānam) अध्यास्य कन्या परिवारशोभि (adhyāsya kanyā parivāraśobhi) R.6.1;12.16; ग्रहगणपरिवारो राजमार्गप्रदीपः (grahagaṇaparivāro rājamārgapradīpaḥ) Mṛcchakaṭika 1.57.

2) A cover, covering; व्याघ्रचर्मपरिवाराः (vyāghracarmaparivārāḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 5.155.8;

3) A hedge round a village.

4) A sheath, scabbard; परिवारः परिजने खड्गकोशे परिच्छदे (parivāraḥ parijane khaḍgakośe paricchade) Medinī; परिवारात् पृथक्चक्रे खड्गश्चात्मा च केनचित् (parivārāt pṛthakcakre khaḍgaścātmā ca kenacit) Śiśupālavadha 19.49.

Derivable forms: parivāraḥ (परिवारः), parīvāraḥ (परीवारः).

--- OR ---

Parīvāra (परीवार).—&c. See परिताप (paritāpa) &c.

See also (synonyms): parītāpa, parīpāka, parīvāha, parīhāsa.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Parivāra (परिवार).—nt. (= Pali °ra, m., title of the Appendix to Vin., v.226.3, colophon), accessory (text), appendix, addendum: avalokitaṃ nāma sūtraṃ mahāvastusya pari- vāraṃ Mahāvastu ii.397.7, colophon to second version of the Avalokita sūtra.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Parivāra (परिवार).—m.

(-raḥ) 1. Dependent. 2. Train or retinue. 3. A scabbard, a sheath. E. pari round, vṛ to be, aff. ghañ.

--- OR ---

Parīvāra (परीवार).—m.

(-raḥ) 1. The sheath of a sword. 2. Dependents, family, retinue. E. pari around, vṛ to cover, aff. ghañ and the final of pari made long; also parivāra.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Parivāra (परिवार).—i. e. pari-vṛ + a, m. 1. A cover, Mahābhārata 8, 1474. 2. Retinue, [Pañcatantra] 12, 20 (figur.); Daśak, in Chr. 182, 20.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Parivāra (परिवार).—[masculine] cover, covering, surroundings, train, retinue (adj. —° followed by).

--- OR ---

Parīvāra (परीवार).—[masculine] = parivāda, parivāra, & vāha.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Parivāra (परिवार):—[=pari-vāra] a raṇa etc. See pari-vri.

2) [=pari-vāra] [from pari-vṛ] b m. (also parī-v) a cover, covering, [Mahābhārata] (also -ka, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra [Scholiast or Commentator]])

3) [v.s. ...] surroundings, train, suite, dependants, followers (ifc. [f(ā). ] surrounded by), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.

4) [v.s. ...] a sheath, scabbard, [Śiśupāla-vadha]

5) [v.s. ...] a hedge round a village, [Demetrius Galanos’s Lexiko: sanskritikes, anglikes, hellenikes] (cf. parī-v)

6) Parīvāra (परीवार):—[=parī-vāra] [from parī] m. train, retinue, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.

7) [v.s. ...] a sheath, scabbard, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (cf. pari-v under pari- √1. vṛ).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Parivāra (परिवार):—[pari-vāra] (raḥ) 1. m. A dependant; a retinue; a sheath or scabbard.

2) Parīvāra (परीवार):—[parī-vāra] (raḥ) 1. m. The sheath of a sword; family; retinue.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Parivāra (परिवार) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Parivāra.

[Sanskrit to German]

Parivara in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Parivāra (परिवार) [Also spelled parivar]:—(nm) a family; household; —[calānā] to run a family/household; —[ṭūṭanā] a family to break-up.

context information

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

1) Parivāra (परिवार) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Parivāra.

2) Parivāra (परिवार) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Parivāra.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Parivāra (ಪರಿವಾರ):—

1) [noun] a large number of persons following, sorrounding, etc. a person; a retinue.

2) [noun] that which surrounds or encircles another.

3) [noun] a group of people; a crowd.

4) [noun] a social unit consisting of parents and the children they rear; a family.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Parivāra (परिवार):—n. 1. family; dependents; relatives; 2. members sharing the same roof a kitchen; 3. attendants; retinue;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

Relevant text

Search found 42 books and stories containing Parivara, Parivāra, Pārivāra, Parīvāra, Pari-vara, Pari-vāra, Parī-vāra; (plurals include: Parivaras, Parivāras, Pārivāras, Parīvāras, varas, vāras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

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