Mana, Māṇa, Māna, Maṉa, Maṉā, Māṉa, Māṉā: 57 definitions

Introduction
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In Hinduism
In Buddhism
In Jainism
1. General definition
India history
Biology
Languages
1. Pali
2. Marathi
3. Sanskrit
4. Hindi
5. Prakrit
6. Kannada
7. Tamil
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Introduction:

Mana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Images (photo gallery)

In Hinduism

Shilpashastra (iconography)

Source: Google Books: The Theory of Citrasutras in Indian Painting

According to the Mānasāra (LV.1–9), there are six types of measurement (māna) to be taken along the body of an image. The text enumerates these measurements as follows:

māna or measurement of the length of the body;
pramāṇa or measurement of its breadth;
unmāna or measurement of thickness;
parimāṇa or measurement of girth;
upamāna or measurement of inter-spaces;
lambamāna or measurement taken along the plumb-lines or sūtras.

Māna refers to the vertical measurements such as the distance fro mthe hair-limit to the eye-line, from that point to the tip of the noswe, the length of the arms and of the legs and so on.

These measurements constitute the six kinds of iconometric measurements as applied to standing, seated an reclining images (see also Marasinghe 1994, p. xiv). However it is difficult to find a text that uses all six of them. The Śivatattva Ratnākara, for example, enumerates only three types: length, breadth and depth (Krishnamurthi 1995, p. 177). The Śilparatna explains the lambamāna, and in the Viṣṇudharmottara Purāṇa and the Citralakṣaṇa of Nagnajit all the measurements except the lambamāna are employed.

Source: Shodhganga: The significance of the mūla-beras (śilpa)

Māna (मान) refers to the “proper height of the icon” and represents a type of measurement, as defined in the texts dealing with śilpa (arts and crafs), known as śilpaśāstras.—The measurements described in Sanskrit authorities are altogether of six kinds: māna (the proper height of the icon), pramāna (the breadth), unmāna (thickness), parimāṇa (the circumference), upamāna (the space between the limbs) and lambamāna (surface of the image).

context information

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

Vastushastra (architecture)

Source: Wisdom Library: Vāstu-śāstra

Māna (मान):—One of the “six iconographic measurements”, according to the Mānasāra (sanskrit literary treatise on vāstu-śāstra, or, ‘architectural science’). The measurement unit is used in the process of procuring/securing the height of the principal image and secondary images. Breadth, circumference, and other dimensions are derived from the height using rules of proportion.

context information

Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) Mana (मन).—The eleventh organ partaking of the character of karma and jñāna; proceeds to create induced by a desire to produce.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 9. 1, 7; IV. 3. 22; Matsya-purāṇa 3. 21.

1b) A Jayādeva.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 3. 7; 4. 3; Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 7.

1c) A Sādhya god.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 3. 16; Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 15.

1d) A Tuṣita god.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 3. 19; Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 18.

1e) A śālā adjoining Sahasrastambha śālā in Śrīpuram; reputed for its amṛtavāpika; by drinking its water yogis and siddhas became strong in body.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa IV. 35. 2-24.

1f) A son of Śatarūpā.^*

* Matsya-purāṇa 4. 25.

1g) Twenty-sixth kalpa; Śaṅkarī became twins.^*

* Vāyu-purāṇa 21. 59.

1h) Another term for Mahān.^*

* Vāyu-purāṇa 102. 21.

2a) Māna (मान).—A Sādhya.^*

* Matsya-purāṇa 203. 11.

2b) Four kinds of; saura, saumya, nakṣatra and sāvana; a measurement.^*

* Vāyu-purāṇa 50. 188. Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 21. 137.

Source: JatLand: List of Mahabharata people and places

Māna (मान) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. IX.44.67, VIII.51.17) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Māna) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstra

Māna (मान, “anger”) is a Sanskrit technical term used throughout the Nāṭyaśāstra. It can also refer to “resentment”.

Source: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (natya)

Māna (मान) refers to one of the four types of the Vipralambha variety of Śṛṅgāra (“the erotic sentiment”) which represents one of the nine kinds of Rasa (“soul of Drama”), according to the Sāhityadarpaṇa.—Rasa or Sentiment is a very important component in poetry. In the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa both the terms viraha and vipralambha are used to denote the second variety of śṛṇgāra sentiment. But most of the Rhetoricians of Sanskrit poetics like Mammaṭa and Viśvanāthakavirāja use the term vipralambha only. In the Sāhityadarpaṇa four types of vipralambha-śṛṇgāra are accepted, e.g., māna.

context information

Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).

Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Māna (मान).—Krt affix आन (āna) of the present participle with the augment म् (m) prefixed to it by आने मुक् (āne muk) P. II. 2.82; e.g. यजमानः, एधमानः, याचमानः (yajamānaḥ, edhamānaḥ, yācamānaḥ) etc.

context information

Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: Pure Bhakti: Bhajana-rahasya - 2nd Edition

Māna (मान) refers to:—The sentiment that prevents the lover and beloved from meeting freely and which gives rise to transient emotions like anger, despondency, doubt, restlessness, pride and jealousy. (cf. Glossary page from Bhajana-Rahasya).

context information

Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

Ayurveda (science of life)

Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms

1) Māna (मान):—Weights and measures / metrology

2) [mānaḥ] Respect, honour, regard, respectful consideration

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Māna (मान) refers to “shame” [=“honour”?], according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 15) (“On the nakṣatras—‘asterisms’”), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “Those who are born on the lunar day of Dhaniṣṭhā will be shameless (māna-unmukta), of weak friendship, haters of women, generous, rich and free from temptation. Those who are born on the lunar day of Śatabhiṣaj will be fishermen or dealers in fish and hogs; washermen; dealers in wine and birds”.

context information

Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)

Source: archive.org: Hindu Mathematics

Māna (मान) refers to the “measure” or “quantity”, according to the principles of Bījagaṇita (“algebra” or ‘science of calculation’), according to Gaṇita-śāstra, ancient Indian mathematics and astronomy.—The unknown quantity was called yāvattāvat (as many as, so much as). In later times this name, or its abbreviation yā, is used for the unknown. According to the celebrated Sanskrit lexicographer Amarasiṃha (f. 400 A.D.), yāvattāvat denotes measure or quantity (māna). He had probably in view the use of that term in Hindu algebra to denote “the measure of an unknown” (avyaktamāna). In the case of more unknowns, it is usual to denote the first yāvattāvat and the remaining ones by alphabets or colours.

context information

Ganitashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, gaṇitaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.

General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: archive.org: Vedic index of Names and Subjects

Māna (मान) as a measure of weight is said to be the equivalent of the Kṛṣṇala or Raktikā—that is, the berry of the Guñjā (Abrus precatorius). It occurs in compounds in the later Saṃhitās and the Brāhmaṇas.

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Google Books: The Great Chronicle of Buddhas

Māna (मान) refers to “conceit” representing one of the seven anusayas (‘latent tendencies’).—The anusayas are defilements that have not been eradicated by magga-ñāṇa and are liable to arise perceptibly whenever circumstances prevail. These anusayas are of seven kinds. They are called the elements of latent tendencies.They are: (1) Kāmarāga-anusaya, the seed element of greed, (2) Bhavarāga-anusaya, the seed element of attachment to existence, (3) Paṭigha-anusaya, the seed element of hatred, (4) Māna-anusaya, the seed element of conceit, (5) Diṭṭhi-anusaya, the seed element of wrong view, (6) Vicikiccha-anusaya, the seed element of uncertainty, (7) Avijjā-anusaya, the seed element of bewilderment.

Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper Names

1. Mana. Youngest brother and viceroy of Aggabodhi III. (Sirisanghabodhi). He was governor of Dakkhinadesa. He was later found guilty of an offence in the womens apartments of the palace and was treacherously killed by the court officers. Cv.xliv.84,123f.

2. Mana. Eldest son of Kassapa II. (Cv.xlv.6) His full name was Manavamma. (Regarding these names, Mana and Manavamma, see Cv. Trs.i.192, n. 3.). He was very young when his father died, and, when the government fell into the hands of Dappula I. and later of Dathopatissa II., he left Uttaradesa, where he was living in retirement with his wife Sangha, and went to Jambudipa, there to take service under the Pallava king, Narasiha (for details see Cv.xivii.9ff., 15ff). He won the kings favor and very loyally helped him to defeat the Vallabha king. He then raised an army with the help of Narasiha, landed in Ceylon, and recovered the kingdom from Dathopatissa. But later his army deserted him on hearing tidings of Narasihas illness and Mana returned once more to Jambudipa. Some time after he came again to Ceylon with a large army and defeated Hatthadatha, the reigning king, and his general Potthakuttha. In the confusion which followed, Hatthadatha was killed and Potthakuttha was poisoned at Merukandara. Mana thereupon became king and did many acts of merit, including the erection of the Padhanarakkha and the Sirisanghabodhi viharas, also the Sepanni and Siri pasadas. Mana was a supporter of the Pamsukulins. Cv.xlvii.1ff. Manavamma reigned circa 676 711 A.C.

3. Mana (also called Manavamma). He was the nephew of Kassapa II. and the son of Dappula I. Kassapa handed over the kingdom to him at the time of his death, his own children being very young. When Kassapa died, the Damilas attacked Ceylon, but Mana, with his fathers help, repulsed them and crowned his father king. When Hatthadatha heard of this, he came with a large force and seized the throne under the name of Dathopatissa II. Mana went to the Eastern Province, while Dappula returned to Rohana. Later, Mana led a rebellion against Dathopatissa and was killed in battle (Cv.xlv.1ff.; 52, 77ff). His mother was the sister of Kassapa II. and the daughter of King Silameghavanna. Cv. Trs.i.94, n. 1.

4. Mana. Called Mulapotthaki. He was an officer of Parakkamabahu I. and, in one campaign, defeated Lokagalla Vikkama at Mahagama. Cv.lxxv.139f.

Source: Dhamma Dana: Pali English Glossary

M Pride.

Source: Journey to Nibbana: Patthana Dhama

Part of the Lobha Team.

Conceit;

Mana is conceit. It is an alternative form of ditthi or lobha. Instead of revealing greediness or wrong view it behaves conceitedly. Mana shows up proud. This again is inability to see realities.

Source: Pali Kanon: Manual of Buddhist Terms and Doctrines

'conceit', pride, is one of the 10 fetters binding to existence (s. samyojana). It vanishes completely only at the entrance to Arahatship, or Holiness (cf. asmi-māna). It is further one of the proclivities (s. anusaya) and defilements (s. kilesa). "

The (equality-) conceit (māna), the inferiority-conceit (omāna) and the superiority-conceit (atimāna): this threefold conceit should be overcome. For, after overcoming this threefold conceit, the monk, through the full penetration of conceit, is said to have put an end suffering" (A. VI, 49).

"Those ascetics and brahman priests who, relying on this impermanent, miserable and transitory nature of corporeality, feelings, perceptions, mental formations and consciousness, fancy: 'Better am I', or 'Equal am I', or 'Worse am I', all these imagine thus through not understanding reality" (S. XXII, 49).

In reality no ego-entity is to be found. Cf. anattā.

-- or --

'mind', is in the Abhidhamma used as synonym of viññāna (consciousness) and citta (state of consciousness, mind).

According to the Com. to Vis.M., it sometimes means sub-consciousness (s. bhavanga-sota).

Source: Dhamma Study: Cetasikas

Conceit, mana, is another akusala cetasika. There is conceit or pride when we consider ourselves important. Because of conceit we may compare ourselves with others.

The three ways of comparing oneself with other may occur in someone who is actually superior, in someone who is actually equal and in someone who is actually inferior.

context information

Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Tibetan Buddhism

Māṇa (माण) is the name of a Nāga mentioned as attending the teachings in the 6th century Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa: one of the largest Kriyā Tantras devoted to Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of wisdom) representing an encyclopedia of knowledge primarily concerned with ritualistic elements in Buddhism. The teachings in this text originate from Mañjuśrī and were taught to and by Buddha Śākyamuni in the presence of a large audience (including Māṇa).

Source: academia.edu: The Structure and Meanings of the Heruka Maṇḍala

Māna (मान) is the name of a Ḍākinī who, together with the Vīra (hero) named Mānacinta forms one of the 36 pairs situated in the Vākcakra, according to the 10th century Ḍākārṇava chapter 15. Accordingly, the vākcakra refers to one of the three divisions of the nirmāṇa-puṭa (emanation layer’), situated in the Herukamaṇḍala. The 36 pairs of Ḍākinīs [viz., Māna] and Vīras are reddish madder in color; they each have one face and four arms; they hold a skull bowl, a skull staff, a small drum, and a knife.

Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara Samadhi

Māna (मान, “pride”) refers to one of the “five afflictions” (pañcakleśa), according to the Saṃvaramaṇḍala of Abhayākaragupta’s Niṣpannayogāvalī, p. 45 and n. 145; (Cf. Cakrasaṃvaratantra, Gray, David B., 2007).—The tiger skin (vyāghracarma) symbolizes a fully developed Yogī, able to route the Buddhist devil Māra, and save those overcome by the Pañcakleśa, "The Five Afflictions", (the Mahāyāna version of the Triviṣa, "Three Poisons"). 1) moha, "delusion", 2) rāga, "passion", 3) dveṣa, "hatred", 4) māna, "pride", 5) īrṣyā, "jealousy.

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Māna (मान) refers to “pride” and represents one of the seven Anuśaya (tendencies of defilement), according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 3).—Accordingly, “There are seven tendencies of defilement (anuśaya): (1) anuśaya of attachment to pleasure (kāmarāga), (2) anuśaya of hostility (pratigha), (3) anuśaya of attachment to existence (bhāvarāga), (4) anuśaya of pride (māna), (5) anuśaya of ignorance (avidyā), (6) anuśaya of wrong view (dṛṣṭi), (7) anuśaya of doubt (vicikitsā or vimati). These are the seven anuśayas. [...]”

Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā

Māna (मान) refers to “conceit”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “[...] Then again, the Bodhisattva, the great being Gaganagañja uttered these verses to that Bodhisattva, the great being Guṇarājaprabhāsa: ‘(25) [...] The one who never falls back from firm vigour, bravely conquers conceit (māna), the māra, and enemies, and purifies the impurities of vices (kleśa) of oneself and others, I ask the beautiful one (sudarśana) for the sake of them. [...]’”.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

General definition (in Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgraha

Māna (मान, “conceit”) refers to one of the “six defilements” (kleśa) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 67). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., māna). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.

Māna also refers to the one of the “six obstacles to concentration” (samādhi-āvaraṇa) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 118).

Source: Google Books: The Fruits of True Monkhood

Māna (“conceit”) in Buddhism refers to one of the sixteen upakilesa (subtle defilements).

Source: Google Books: Divine Stories

Māna (मान, “conceit”) refers to one of the “Nine bonds to Existence” (navasaṃyojana).—The term saṃyojana is usually translated as “fetter,” but these nine [e.g., conceit (māna)] do not correspond to the standard list of fetters (e.g, ten fetters, five lower fetters, three fetters).

Source: WikiPedia: Buddhism

Māna is a Buddhist term that is translated as "pride", "arrogance", or "conceit". It is defined as an inflated mind that makes whatever is suitable, such as wealth or learning, to be the foundation of pride. It creates the basis for disrespecting others and for the occurrence of suffering.

Māna is identified as:

One of the five poisons within the Mahayana Buddhist tradition.
One of the six root unwholesome mental factors within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings
One of the fourteen unwholesome mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings
One of the ten fetters in the Theravada tradition

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: Jaina Yoga

Māna (मान, “pride”) refers to a subclass of the interal (abhyantara) division of parigraha (attachment) and is related to the Aparigraha-vrata (vow of non-attachment). Amṛtacandra (in his Puruṣārthasiddhyupāya 116), Somadeva, and Āśādhara among the Digambaras and Siddhasena Gaṇin (in his commentary on the Tattvārtha-sūtra 7.24) among the Śvetāmbaras mention fourteen varieties of abhyantara-parigraha (for example, māna).

Source: archive.org: Personal and geographical names in the Gupta inscriptions (jainism)

Māna (मान) is a Prakrit ending for deriving proper personal names, mentioned as an example in the Aṅgavijjā chapter 26. This chapter includes general rules to follow when deriving proper names. The Aṅgavijjā (mentioning māna) is an ancient treatise from the 3rd century CE dealing with physiognomic readings, bodily gestures and predictions and was written by a Jain ascetic in 9000 Prakrit stanzas.

Source: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra

Māna (मान, “conceit”) refers to one of the four passions (kaṣāyas) of creatures, according to chapter 4.5 [dharmanātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.—(Note: The direct counterpart of Māna is Mārdava or ‘humility’).

Accordingly, as Dharma-nātha said in his sermon on the kaṣāyas:—“[...] Creatures’ passions are four-fold: anger (krodha), conceit (māna), deceit (māyā), and greed (lobha); and each of them is divided into sañjvalana, etc. [...] Conceit (māna) is destructive of three things—reverence, learning, and good conduct, injures the eye of discernment, makes men blind. Feeling pride in caste, wealth, family, power, strength, beauty, penance, and learning, a person gets the same in low degree in another birth. What wise man, indeed, feels pride in caste, after seeing the numerous divisions of caste, high, low, and medium? One obtains high caste from karma; one obtains low caste from karma. Who, indeed, can be proud, because he has obtained transitory caste in that case? [...]”.

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Māna (मान) refers to “pride”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “The doctrine is said to be forbearance, humility [com.—māna-abhāva—‘absence of pride’], purity, straightforwardness , truth and restraint, celibacy, asceticism, renunciation and non-possession. Anything which is undesirable for oneself is not to be done to others by the actions of [body,] speech and mind, even in a dream—such is the principal characteristic of the doctrine”.

Source: academia.edu: Tessitori Collection I

Māna (मान, “conceit”) refers to one of the “thirteen difficulties”, according to the “Teraha kāṭhīyā-svādhyāya” by Jinaharṣa (dealing with the Ethics section of Jain Canonical literature), which is included in the collection of manuscripts at the ‘Vincenzo Joppi’ library, collected by Luigi Pio Tessitori during his visit to Rajasthan between 1914 and 1919.—The exposition of the ‘thirteen difficulties’ against which one should fight as they are hindrances to proper religious practice is a widespread topic in Jain literature in Gujarati. They are either listed in brief compositions or described with several verses for each of the components. The list of terms is always the same, with a few variations in designations: [e.g., conceit (thambha or māna), ...].—See ch. Krause 1999, p. 277 for the list as found in a Ratnasañcaya-granth stanza 118.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geography

Source: archive.org: Geography in Ancient Indian inscriptions

Māna (मान).—There is a pass known as Māna Pass and it lies higher up in the Himālaya range, beyond Badrinath. It is mentioned in Devaprayāg Brahmi inscription as Māna-parvata. Dr. Chhabra observes that the occurence of the name on the rock in question tends to indicate that the range of hills behind the occurence of the Alakanandā and Bhāgirathī at Devaprayāg was known as Māna.

Source: Project Gutenberg: Castes and Tribes of Southern India, Volume 1

Mana (“measure”) is one of the exogamous septs (divisions) among the Kurubas (a tribe of South India). The Kurubas are sub-divided into clans or gumpus, each having a headman or guru called a gaudu, who gives his name to the clan. And the clans are again sub-divided into gotras or septs (viz., Mana).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Māna.—(CITD), Telugu-Kannaḍa; (1/16)th part of the measure called tūmu; that which can hold rice of the weight of 4 ṭaṅkalamulu (varying in different localities); a particular measure or weight often regarded as half of a seru; a measur- ing rod. (EI 16), also called mānaka; name of a measure; a liquid measure (SII 11-1). Note: māna is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

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Māna or Māṇa.—(IE 8-6; EI 30, 31), used in medieval Orissan records in the sense of a land measure; a land measure regarded as equal to an English acre in Orissa. Note: māna is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and Drugs

Mana in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Aerides multiflora Roxb. from the Orchidaceae (Orchid) family having the following synonyms: Aerides affinis, Aerides lobbii, Aerides veitchii. For the possible medicinal usage of mana, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

1) Mana in Brazil is the name of a plant defined with Fraxinus ornus in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Ornus europaea Pers. (among others).

2) Mana in Central African Republic is also identified with Erythrophleum suaveolens It has the synonym Erythrophleum guineense G. Don (etc.).

3) Mana in Guinea is also identified with Lophira alata It has the synonym Lophira simplex G. Don (etc.).

4) Mana in India is also identified with Alocasia macrorrhizos It has the synonym Colocasia montana (Roxb.) Kunth (etc.).

5) Mana is also identified with Ficus benghalensis It has the synonym Ficus cotoneaefolia Vahl (etc.).

6) Mana in Madagascar is also identified with Abelmoschus esculentus It has the synonym Hibiscus longifolius Sessé & Moc. (etc.).

7) Mana is also identified with Hibiscus esculentus It has the synonym Hibiscus longifolius Willd. (etc.).

8) Mana in Philippines is also identified with Jatropha multifida It has the synonym Adenoropium multifidum (L.) Pohl (etc.).

9) Mana in Sierra Leone is also identified with Psydrax subcordata.

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· African Study Monographs (2004)
· Species Plantarum
· Systematic Botany Monographs (1988)
· Bot. Reg. (1822)
· Taxon (1960)
· Flora of Tropical Africa (1877)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Mana, for example diet and recipes, side effects, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, health benefits, chemical composition, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

1) mana : (m.; nt.) mind; consciousness. (in cpds. it takes the form mano). || māna (nt.), measure; measurement. (m.) pride; conceit.

2) māṇa : (nt.) measure; measurement. (m.), pride; conceit.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

1) Māna, ² (nt.) (fr. mā: see mināti; Vedic māna has 2 meanings, viz. “measure, ” and “building” (cp. māpeti)) 1. measure Vin. III, 149 (abbhantarima inner, bāhirima outer); DA. I, 140. —°kūṭa cheating in measure, false measure Pug. 58; PvA. 278.—2. a certain measure, a Māna (cp. mānikā & manaṃ) J. I, 468 (aḍḍha° half a M. , according to C. equal to 8 nāḷis). (Page 528)

2) Māna, (late Vedic & Epic Sk. māna, fr. man, orig. meaning perhaps “high opinions” (i.e. No. 2); hence “pride” (No. 1). Def. of root see partly under māneti, partly under mināti) 1. pride, conceit, arrogance (cittassa uṇṇati Nd¹ 80; Vbh. 350). Māna is one of the Saññojanas. It is one of the principal obstacles to Arahantship. A detailed analysis of māna in tenfold aspect is given at Nd¹ 80=Nd² 505; ending with definition “māno maññanā ... ketukamyatā” etc. (cp. Vbh. 350 & see under mada). On term see also Dhs. § 1116; Dhs. trsl. 298 (=²275) sq.—D. III, 234; S. I, 4; Sn. 132, 370; 469, 537, 786, 889, 943, Dh. 74, 150, 407; Nd¹ 298; Pug. 18; Vbh. 345 sq. , 353 sq. , 383 (7 fold), 389 (9 fold); VbhA. 486 sq. (“seyyo’ham asmī ti” etc.); Tikp 166, 278; DhA. III, 118, 252; Sdhp. 500, 539.—asmi° pride of self, as real egoism D. III, 273.—2. honour, respect J. V, 331 (+pūjā). Usually in cpd. bahumāna great respect Mhvs 20, 46; PvA. 50. Also as māni° in compⁿ with karoti: see mānikata. Cp. vi°, sam°

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

maṇa (मण).—m (māna S or A) A measure of capacity or of weight, a maund. It is of very varying amount. 2 The quantity measured or weighed by a maund. 3 A measure of land consisting of six bigha. maṇakhāṇa (khāṇa added expletively.) About a maund; a maund more or less.

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maṇā (मणा).—m P Commonly maṇī q. v. under madana.

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mana (मन).—n (S) The mind or the intelligent power; the seat of judgment, reflection, reasoning, memory &c. See under antaḥkaraṇacatuṣṭaya & antaḥkaraṇa- pañcaka. 2 The heart or the sphere of the sensibility; the seat of the sentiments, passions, and affections. 3 The conscience or moral sense. Note. mana answers exceedingly well to the word conscience, as many of the phrases here following, and phrases and proverbs constantly oc- curring amongst the people, fully establish. Ex. jyācēṃ mana tyāsa gvāhī dētēṃ; Pr. mana jāṇē pāpā māya jāṇē mulācē vāpā; Pr. manā ēvaḍhā gāhī tribhuvanānta nāhīṃ; also the Hind. saying manamēṃ samajā kararūṃ nakō gamajā. 4 mana answers also to CONSCIOUSNESS although not in distinction from conscience; for of Physiological consciousness or of Mental consciousness as distinct from Moral consciousness the Hindus have no perception. The numerous applications therefore of mana in this ample sense must be interpreted as the connection or the occasion may demand. Pr. māna janāṃ apamāna manāṃ (sāṅgāvā). 5 The will or determining faculty; the mind as sovereign. Note. mana, besides these five definite senses, has, in popular use, all the amplitude and indefiniteness of the English words mind, heart, soul, will; and well answers, as the subjoined phrases show, to the four severally. 6 Liking, choice, propension, inclination of the mind, mind, will. Pr. manāsa mānēla tō saudā; manīṃ māṇḍē svapnīṃ pōḷyā or manīṃ asē tēṃ svapnīṃ disē; mana pādaśāhī paṇa kapāḷa gāṇḍū. mana uṭhaṇēṃ g. of s. To be estranged from; to be disgusted with or tired of. mana gāḍūna Engagedly, attentively, with or from one's heart and soul. mana ghālaṇēṃ-dēṇēṃ-lāvaṇēṃ To apply or give the mind (the affection or the attention). manacyā manīṃ In the secret of the mind; in the depths or recesses of the soul. mana tuṭaṇēṃ g. of s. To have one's mind (affection or attachment) broken off from. Pr. tuṭalēṃ mana āṇi phuṭalēṃ mōtīṃ sāndhata nāhīṃ. mana thōḍyā- sāṭhīṃ nisaraḍēṃ karaṇēṃ (To make the mind slippery for a little.) To break through a prescribed course or a resolution for only a trifling advantage. mana pāhaṇēṃ g. of o. To sound the deep or secret mind of; to probe or pump; to feel the pulse of. mana basaṇēṃ or lāgaṇēṃ g. of s. To have the affections set upon; to take delight in. mana manāviṇēṃ g. of o. To gain the good will of; to win over; to propitiate, conciliate, or persuade. mana mānēla tasēṃ karaṇēṃ To follow one's own inclination or desire. mana mōkaḷēṃ karūna With open and free heart; without disguise or reservation. mana mōṭhēṃ karaṇēṃ To act generously or liberally. mana mōḍaṇēṃ g. of o. To cross or to refuse to gratify (a fixed desire). mana rājā mana prajā The mind is the king, the mind is the subject; the mind is the willer and the mind is the doer; the mind (i. e. the determining soul, the will) is lord paramount and lord absolute. manasā cintitaṃ kāryaṃ daivamanyattu cintati Man proposes but God disposes; agreeing with manācā Pertaining or relating to the mind or heart; as manācā kapaṭī Evil-minded or false-hearted; manācā kujakā Hollow-hearted, perfidious, treacherous; manācā kōvaḷā Simple-minded or soft-hearted; unsuspecting or undesigning; manācā bhōḷā Artless, guileless, innocent of soul; manācā mōṭhā Magnanimous or noble-minded: also large-hearted, liberal, generous; manācā mōkaḷā Open-hearted, frank-spirited, ingenuous, candid; manācā halakā Weakminded. manācī āśā-ōḍha-dhāṃva The bent, bearing, drawing, hope, reach of the mind. manānta ēka janānta ēka One in secret, another in public; a double-dealing person. manānta gāṇṭha ṭhēvaṇēṃ To continue to bear a grudge or entertain a suspicion. manānta gāṇṭha bāndhaṇēṃ or ghālaṇēṃ To infix in one's memory; to commit carefully to mind. manānta caracaraṇēṃ To be full of anxious apprehensions and trepidations. manānta nava maṇa jaḷaṇēṃ To be exceedingly malicious, vindictive, or wrathful. manānta or manīṃ māṇḍē khāṇēṃ To build castles in the air. manānta māṇḍē padarānta dhōṇḍē Castle-building or imaginative reveling under poverty or incompetency. manānta or manīṃ mhaṇaṇēṃ To say to one's self. manāntūna utaraṇēṃ g. of o. To lose the favor of; to get out of one's good graces. manāpāsūna Earnestly, fervidly, cordially, sincerely, from or with the heart. manāvara ghēṇēṃ or dharaṇēṃ To take up into one's mind or heart (in order seriously to consider or heartily to perform). manāvara lihūna ṭhēvaṇēṃ To commit to the tablets of memory. manāsa āṇaṇēṃ To bring before the mind; to look into or think about. manāsa yēṇēṃ or vāṭaṇēṃ To meet with the approbation of the mind; to please, suit, be liked. manāsārakhā According to the mind or liking of, agreeable to. manīṃ kālaviṇēṃ To revolve, agitate, or stir mentally. Ex. bahuta duḥkha manīṃ jarī kālavē || bhiūni hyāsa tayāsa na bōlavē ||. manīṃ jāṇa hōṇēṃ To be discerning or intelligent regarding. manīṃ dharaṇēṃ To bear in mind. Ex. hyā lāgīṃ tumhāśīṃ bōdhilēṃ || manīṃ dharāla mhaṇō- niyā ||. manīṃ mānasīṃ (or manōmānasīṃ or manōmanīṃ) nasaṇēṃ Not to be at all in the expectation, apprehension, or mind of; " not to be in all one's thoughts." manōmanasākṣa corruptly manōmayasākṣa Mind witnesseth to mind. Used of persons who mutually conceive an aversion or a fondness for each other; or who discern instinctively the intention or the sentiment of each towards the other or towards some common object. 2 Mind is conscious in itself; i. e. the inner aim, purpose, sentiment, or desire of every one is known to himself. mōkaḷyā manānēṃ With full disclosure of one's heart or mind,--of one's sentiment or one's opinion or one's intention. baravyā manānēṃ With pure, good, or right mind; with honest purpose or intention. Ex. sītā svayaṃvara asēṃ baravyā manānēṃ avalakṣuni śāstra avalōkilēṃ. vairī cintata nāhīṃ asēṃ mana cintatēṃ Apprehension is greater than the evil.

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manā (मना).—p ( A) Forbidden, prohibited, stopped. v kara, hō.

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māṇa (माण).—f (māna) Inflammation incidental to the neck. 2 Clay. 3 A broadmouthed vessel generally earthen, and for holding water. 4 The annular lining of a hand-mill &c. See māiṇī or māīṇa. 5 The pitcher at the bottom of a sugarpress to receive the juice of the canes. 6 A bamboo of a large kind; also called tāja. 7 A stratum, layer, bed (of rock or earth).

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māṇā (माणा).—m See under māṇagā.

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māna (मान).—m (S) Respect, regard, reverence, honorable reception or estimation. Pr. mānōhi mahatāṃ dhanaṃ. 2 Arrogance, conceit, high opinion of self, or of persons, things, country &c. connected with self. 3 Right, claim, title, privilege. Ex. lagnāmadhyēṃ upādhyāyācā vastra ghēṇyācā māna āhē. 4 Place, province, proper office or business. Ex. nāhīṃ hōya mhaṇaṇyācā māna sāsūbāīkaḍē āhē. 5 n Magnitude, quantity, amount; measure in general, whether of bodies in respect of dimensions, gravity, or number, or of time, of space, of properties: also that by which a quantity is determined; any measure, whether of weight, length, capacity, or of time (as a pound, a yard, a quart, an hourglass). 6 Warrant, authority, grounds for assurance or admission. 7 Definiteness, exactness, determinateness (as of time, place, agent, amount.) Ex. parjanya kēvhāṃ kōṭhēṃ kitī kāya kasā paḍēla na paḍēla hyācēṃ māna kōṇhācē hātīṃ lāgata nāhīṃ; vāṛyācēṃ māna kōṇhācyānēṃ sāṅgavata nāhīṃ. 8 Propriety, reasonableness, warrantableness, expediency. Ex. rājā duṣṭa jhālā ātāṃ ēthēṃ rāhaṇyācēṃ māna rāhilēṃ nāhīṃ. 9 Rank, pitch, amount, stage or degree of dignity or importance: also rate, worth, comparative height or value. Ex. tyā gṛhasthācēṃ alī- kaḍē māna caḍhalēṃ āhē; gāṇyācēṃ -bhāḍyācēṃ -dhānyācēṃ- guḷācēṃ māna -caḍhalēṃ -vāḍhalēṃ -utaralēṃ -basalēṃ -phiralēṃ- ulaṭalēṃ -badalalēṃ. Pr. mānēṃ na khāī pānēṃ paḍapaḍalyāṃ khāī kāndē Used of proud daintiness and squeamishness reduced so low as to rejoice to eat onions. Pr. māna janāṃ apamāna manāṃ (sāṅgāvā) The regard and honor which you receive, you may tell abroad: your disgrace or contempt keep to yourself.

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māna (मान).—f ē (manyā S) The neck. 2 A disease of the neck. 3 (Incorrectly.) The throat; as ghāṃsa mānēnta aḍakalā. khālacyā mānēnēṃ cālaṇēṃ or pāhaṇēṃ To walk humbly or modestly or bashfully: also to walk under sense of abashment or shame. māna kāṇṭyāvara nasaṇēṃ g. of s. (Not to have one's neck upon its apex--processus dentatus.) To be exceedingly haughty, supercilious, or disdainful. māna kāpaṇēṃ g. of o. (To cut the neck of.) To destroy one's means of subsistence; to break the back of. māna khālīṃ ghālaṇēṃ To hold down one's head; to lower one's crest māna ḍōlaviṇēṃ To cause to nod assent, approbation, or applause; to force to approve or admit. māna dharaṇēṃ To stop or obstruct (a person) at some critical juncture. māna muragāḷaṇēṃ (To twist the neck of.) To blast one's hopes or prospects; to ruin. 2 To plunder utterly. māna mōḍaṇēṃ To break the wholeness or strength (as of a reserved stock, perfect amount &c.); to break (begin to use). Ex. pāñcaśēṃ rupayāñcī māna mōḍalī tēvhāṃ lagna jhālēṃ; cāra paiśāṅkaritāṃ rupayācī māna mōḍāvī lāgatī. māna vara karaṇēṃ To emerge from poverty or obscurity; to rise from the bed of sickness; to hold up one's head. māna vara na karaṇēṃ To go bowed down (through lowliness or shame). māna vāṅkaḍī karaṇēṃ To toss the head aside, in token of permission or of consent. māna sōḍaviṇēṃ To extricate (a person) from some trouble or embarrassment. māna hālaviṇēṃ To force to approve or admit. See māna ḍōlaviṇēṃ. mānēvara surī ṭhēvaṇēṃ To intimidate or frighten into. mānēsa basaṇēṃ To urge incessantly; to hang upon in exaction or enforcement. 2 To seize and possess;--used of a devil. 3 To clog or burden; to lie imperatively upon--a business to be done.

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māna (मान).—f (Or māṇa) Clay.

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mānā (माना).—m ( A) Purport, meaning, scope, signification. 2 The complimentary titles or forms of address in letters; as vēdaśāstrasampanna, śrīmanta rājaśrī, rājaśriyā virājita &c. 3 Fitness, reasonableness, warrantableness, meaning, use. Ex. ātāṃ mahāgāī jhālī ēthēṃ rāhaṇyācā mānā rāhilā nāhīṃ.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

maṇa (मण).—m A maund. maṇakā m A maund- measure. A large gem.

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mana (मन).—n The mind. The heart. The con- science.. The will, liking. mana uṭhaṇēṃ Be estranged from; be tired of. mana ghāḷaṇēṃ- dēṇēṃ-lāvaṇēṃ Give the mind (the attention). manacyā manī In the secret of the mind. mana tuṭaṇēṃ Have one's mind (affection), broken off from. mana pāhaṇēṃ Sound the secret mind of; pump. mana basaṇēṃ-lāgaṇēṃ Have the affections set upon, mana mānēla tasēṃ karaṇēṃ Follow one's own desire. mana mōkaḷēṃ karūna With open and free heart. mana mōṭhēṃ karaṇēṃ Act generously or liberal- ly. mana mōḍaṇēṃ Refuse to gratify (a fixed desire); to displease. manācā kapaṭī Evil- minded. manācā kujakā Perfidious. manācā kōvaḷā Soft-hearted. manācā mōkaḷā Open- hearted, candid. manācā mōṭhā Noble- minded; liberal. manācā halakā Weak- minded. manācī-āśā-ōḍha-dhāṃva The bent, bearing, drawing, hope, reach of the mind. manānta ēka janānta ēka One in secret, another in public. manāta gāṇṭha ṭhēvaṇēṃ Con- tinue to bear a grudge or entertain a suspicion. manānta gāṇṭha bāndhaṇēṃ-ghālaṇēṃ Infix in one's memory. manānta caracaraṇēṃ Be full of anxious apprehensions and trepida- tions. manānta māṇḍēṃ khāṇēṃ Build castles in the air. manānta mhaṇaṇēṃ Say to one's self. manāntūna utaraṇēṃ Get out of one's good graces. manāpāsūna Earnest, sincerely. manāvara ghēṇēṃ-dharaṇēṃ Take up into one's mind or heart. manāsa yēṇēṃ-vāṭaṇēṃ Please, suit, be liked. manāsārakhā According to the mind, or liking of. manī dharaṇēṃ Bear in mind. manō mana sākṣa (Corruptly manōmaya sākṣa) Mind witnesseth to mind. mōkaḷyā manānēṃ With full disclosure of one's heart or mind.

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manā (मना).—p Forbidden, stopped.

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māṇa (माण).—f Inflammation incidental to the neck. Clay. A broad-mouthed vessel (earthen).

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māṇā (माणा).—m A bamboo of a long kind.

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māna (मान).—m Respect. Right. Conceit. Proper office. Magnitude. Definiteness. Rate. Propriety. f The neck, throat khālacyā mānēnēṃ cālaṇēṃ To walk humbly. mānaṃ kāpaṇēṃ Break the back of. māna khālīṃ ghālaṇēṃ Lower one's crest. māna ḍōlaviṇēṃ Cause to nod assent. māna dharaṇēṃ Obstruct (a person) at some critical juncture. māna muragāḷaṇēṃ Ruin; plunder utterly. māna mōḍaṇēṃ Break the wholeness or strength. māna vara karaṇēṃ To emerge from poverty. Hold up one's head. māna vara na karaṇēṃ Go bowed down. māna sōḍaviṇēṃ Extricate (a person) from some trouble. mānēṃvara surī ṭhēvaṇēṃ Intimidate or frighten into. mānēsa basaṇēṃ Urge incessantly; seize and possess;-used of a devil. Clog.

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mānā (माना).—m A complimentary formula. Pur- port. Fitness.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Māna (मान).—[man-ghañ]

1) Respect, honour, regard, respectful consideration; दारिद्र्यस्य परा मूर्तिर्यन्मानद्रविणाल्पता (dāridryasya parā mūrtiryanmānadraviṇālpatā) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 2.159; Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 6.7; so मानधन (mānadhana) &c.

2) Pride (in a good sense), self-reliance, self-respect; जन्मिनो मानहीनस्य तृणस्य च समा गतिः (janmino mānahīnasya tṛṇasya ca samā gatiḥ) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1.16; R.19.81.

3) Haughtiness, pride, conceit, self-confidence, vanity; मानाद् रावणः परदारान् अप्र- यच्छन् (mānād rāvaṇaḥ paradārān apra- yacchan) (vinanāśa) Kau. A.1.6.

4) A wounded sense of honour.

5) Jealous anger, anger excited by jealousy (especially in women); anger in general; मुञ्च मयि मान- मनिदानम् (muñca mayi māna- manidānam) Gītagovinda 1; माधवे मा कुरु मानिनि मानमये (mādhave mā kuru mānini mānamaye) 9; त्यजत मानमलं बत विग्रहैः (tyajata mānamalaṃ bata vigrahaiḥ) R.9.47; Śi. 9.84; Bv.2.56; Daśakumāracarita 2.3.

6) Opinion, conception.

7) Ved. Object, purpose.

-nam [mā-lyuṭ]

1) Measuring.

2) A measure, standard; माना- धीना मेयसिद्धिः (mānā- dhīnā meyasiddhiḥ) Mīmāṃsā; निराकृतत्वाच्छ्रुतियुक्तिमानतः (nirākṛtatvācchrutiyuktimānataḥ) A. Rām. 7.5.57.

3) Dimension, computation.

4) A standard of measure, measuring rod, rule; परिमाणं पात्रमानं संख्यै- कद्यादिसंज्ञिका (parimāṇaṃ pātramānaṃ saṃkhyai- kadyādisaṃjñikā) Śukra.2.344.

5) Proof, authority, means of proof or demonstration; येऽमी माधुर्यौजः प्रसादा रसमात्र- धर्मतयोक्तास्तेषां रसधर्मत्वे किं मानम् (ye'mī mādhuryaujaḥ prasādā rasamātra- dharmatayoktāsteṣāṃ rasadharmatve kiṃ mānam) R. G.; मानाभावात् (mānābhāvāt) (frequently occurring in controversial language) Pad. D.4. 3.

6) Likeness, resemblance.

Derivable forms: mānaḥ (मानः).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Mana (मन).—(°-), apparently m.c. for māna, pride, in Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 358.11 (verse, 2d half of anuṣṭubh) upakleśair manādibhiḥ; see upakleśa.

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Manā (मना).—(= Pali manaṃ, before vowel man', for Sanskrit manāk; in the sense here recorded found in Sanskrit only with neg., e.g. manāg asi mayā na śaptaḥ Mahābhārata Cr.ed. i.3.164, you were almost cursed by me; but in Pali, as here, man’ amhi, without neg., I was almost…), almost: ma- nāsmi…khāditā (°taḥ), I was almost eaten…, Mahāvastu i.450.16; 451.1; 453.3, 8.

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Māṇa (माण).—name of a nāga king: (Ārya-)Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa 18.10.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Mana (मन).—n.

(-naṃ) Indian spikenard. E. man to respect, aff. ac . “jaṭāmāṃsyām .”

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Māna (मान).—n.

(-naṃ) 1. Measure in general, whether of weight, length, or capacity. 2. A measure, the fourth or eighth part of a K'hari. 3. The computation of the duration of a year, solar, lunar, sydereal, &c. 4. Proof, demonstration. 5. Likeness. 6. Dimension. m.

(-naḥ) 1. Arrogance, haughtiness, pride. 2. Female arrogance or indignation. 3. Taking, seizing. 4. A blockhead. 5. An agent. 6. A barbarian. 7. Honour. E. mā to measure, lyuṭ aff.; or man to revere, (one’s self,) aff. ghañ .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Māna (मान).—I. m., i. e. mān + a. 1. Self-confidence, [Pañcatantra] v. [distich] 3. 2. Pride, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 13. 3. Arrogance, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 108; female caprice, indignation, anger, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] 37, 8. 4. Honour, [Pañcatantra] 16, 4; i. [distich] 251. 5. Taking. 6. An agent. 7. A blockhead. 8. A barbarian. Ii. i. e. mā + ana, n. 1. Measuring, Bhāṣāp. 108. 2. Measure in general, [Pañcatantra] 7, 16 (kūṭa-tulā-, With a wrong balance). 3. A particular measure, the fourth part of a khārī. 4. The computation of the duration of a year.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Maṇa (मण).—[substantive] a cert. measure of grain.

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Mana (मन).—[masculine] [dual] a cert. ornament.

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Manā (मना).—1. [feminine] zeal, ardour, jealousy, anger.

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Manā (मना).—2. [feminine] a cert. vessel or weight of gold.

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Māna (मान).—1. [masculine] opinion, conception; intention, will; pride, arrogance; respect, honour; anger, caprice, pouting, sulkiness anger ([especially] in women).

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Māna (मान).—2. [masculine] building, edifice, castle, house; [neuter] the act of or an instrument for measuring, measure, extent, dimension, size, weight, [especially] a cert. measure of weight, duration; picture, likeness, similarity; proof, evidence.

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Māna (मान).—3. [masculine] thinker or maker, poet; [Name] of an ancient Ṛṣi, [plural] his race.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Maṇa (मण):—m. or n. (?) ([from] Arabic من) a [particular] measure of grain, [Colebrooke]

2) Mana (मन):—[from man] 1. mana m. Indian spikenard, Nardostachys Jatamansi, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

3) [v.s. ...] Name of a son of Śambara, [Harivaṃśa] ([varia lectio] mata).

4) [v.s. ...] 2. mana in [compound] for manas.

5) Manā (मना):—[from man] f. devotion, attachment, zeal, eagerness, [Ṛg-veda]

6) [v.s. ...] envy, jealousy, [ib.]

7) Mana (मन):—3. mana m. [dual number] (for 1. and 2. See p. 783, col. 2) a [particular] ornament, [Ṛg-veda viii, 78, 2.]

8) Māna (मान):—[from mā] 2a See p. 809, col. 3.

9) Māṇa (माण):—m. a species of plant (= māṇaka), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

10) Māna (मान):—1. māna m. (√man) opinion, notion, conception, idea, [Tattvasamāsa] (cf. ātma-m)

11) purpose, wish, design, [Aitareya-brāhmaṇa]

12) self-conceit, arrogance, pride, [Kauṣītaki-upaniṣad; Manu-smṛti] etc. (with Buddhists one of the 6 evil feelings, [Dharmasaṃgraha 67]; or one of the 10 fetters to be got rid of [Monier-Williams’ Buddhism 127])

13) (also n.) consideration, regard, respect, honour, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.

14) a wounded sense of honour, anger or indignation excited by jealousy ([especially] in women), caprice, sulking, [Kāvya literature; Daśarūpa; Sāhitya-darpaṇa]

15) Name of the father of Agastya (perhaps also of A° himself, [Pāṇini] the family of Māna), [Ṛg-veda]

16) (in [astronomy]) Name of the tenth house, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā] ([Horace H. Wilson] also a ‘blockhead ; an agent; a barbarian’).

17) 2b m. (√3. mā) a building, house, dwelling, [Ṛg-veda]

18) an altar, [Āpastamba]

19) (māna) a preparation, decoction (?), [Ṛg-veda x, 144, 5]

20) [according to] to some in [Ṛg-veda i, 39, 1 ]= ‘light, sheen’.

21) n. measuring. meting out, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Harivaṃśa] etc.

22) measure, measuring-cord, standard, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.

23) dimension, size, height, length (in space and time), weight, [ib.] (ifc.= fold See śata-m)

24) a [particular] measure or weight (= kṛṣṇata or raktikā; [according to] to [Scholiast or Commentator] on [Taittirīya-saṃhitā] and, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra] 100 Mānas = 5 Palas or Paṇas)

25) form, appearance, [Ṛg-veda]

26) likeness, resemblance, [Śiśupāla-vadha]

27) (in [philosophy]) proof. demonstration, means of proof (= pra-māṇa. q.v.)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Mana (मन):—(naṃ) 1. n. Indian spikenard.

2) Māna (मान):—(naṃ) 1. n. Measure in general. m. Arrogance, pride; seizing; a blockhead; agent; barbarina.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Māna (मान) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Māṇa, Miṇaṇa.

[Sanskrit to German]

Mana in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Mana (मन) [Also spelled man]:—(nm) mind; heart; desire, wish; disposition; maund-a weight equal to forty seers; ~[kāmanā] see [manokāmanā] fabricated; concocted; imaginary/imagined; ~[calā] Don Quixote, fidgety; frivolous, easy prey to female brandishments; ~[cāhā/cītā] favourite, desired, wished or longed for; ever desired; ~[pasaṃda] after one’s own heart, favourite, to one’s liking; •[cīja] one’s cup of tea; ~[bahalāva] amusement, entertainment, recreation; ~[bhāyā] favourite, pleasing; loved; ~[bhāvana] favourite, liked, beloved; charming, attractive; ~[mānā] arbitrary; licentious; self-willed; ~[mānī] feminine form of ~[mānā]; •[ghara jānī] arbitrary conduct with no restraint; ~[muṭāva] bad blood, ill feeling, estrangement; rift; antagonism; ~[modaka] castles in the air, day-dreaming, illusory delight; •[phoḍanā] to build castles in the air, to day-dream; ~[mohana] one who casts a spell of charm; an epithet of Lord Krishna; ~[maujī] whimsical, self-willed; capricious; hence •[pana] (nm); ~[hara/haraṇa] see [manohara; -aṭakanā/ānā, kisī para] to take a fancy for, to fall for;- [ādhā honā] to be disheartened/discouraged; —[uchalanā] to be exalted;—[uḍanā] to be unsteady, to be in a state of lack of concentration; —[ulajhanā, kisī se] to fall for, to have an infatuation for, to be attracted towards; —[kaccā karanā] to lose courage, to be worried; to discourage; —[kaḍā karanā] to harden one’s heart, to keep up one’s nerves; —[kā ujalā jībha kā kaḍuvā] his bark is worse than his bite; —[kā kaccā] weak-minded; —[kā kālā/mailā] vicious; evil-hearted; —[kā maila dhonā] to circumcise the heart; —[kī āṃkheṃ] mind’s eye, inner vision; —[kī gāṃṭha] reservations. complex; —[kī thāha lenā] to probe into the depth of somebody’s heart; —[kī bāta mana meṃ rahanā] one’s wish not to be fulfilled; —[ke laḍḍū khānā/phoḍanā] to build castles in the air; to be delighted by mere imagination; to day-dream; —[khaṭṭā honā] to develop a sense of bitterness, to be estranged; —[khiṃcanā] to feel a sense of repulsion; (-, [kisī kī ora]) to be attracted; —[kholanā] to reveal oneself; —[calanā] to be captivated / attracted; to wish/desire; —[chūnā] to touch, to move; —[choṭā karanā] to feel disheartened / dejected; —[jamanā] to feel reassured/convinced; —[jītanā] to win over one’s heart; —[ṭaṭolanā] to probe into one’s heart; to throw a feeler; —[ṭūṭanā] to lose courage; to be disheartened; to be distracted; —[ṭhaharanā] to feel steady; —[ṭhukanā] to feel assured; —[ḍāṃvāḍola honā/ḍiganā] to be swept off; to be unsteady; —[ḍolanā] to be moved; to be attracted; to lose self-restraint; —[denā] to disclose one’s secrets; to do something with full heart; —[nācanā] to be in exaltation, to be in a state of extreme delight; —[paḍhanā] to read somebody’s feelings; —[pānā] to get the backing of; to know the mind of; —[phaṭanā/phira jānā] to be disillusioned; to be estranged; —[baḍhanā] to gain confidence, to be heartened; —[bahalānā] to amuse, to recreate; —[būḍhā honā] to become mentally old, to lose youthful feelings; —[bharanā] to be fed up, to be satiated/satisfied; —[bhārī honā] to have a heavy heart; —[mana bhāvai muṃḍī halāvai] "No, thank you", has lost many a good butter cake; —[masosa kara raha jānā] to keep one’s feelings under suppression, to be agonisingly helpless; —[māranā] to suppress one’s feelings; —[māre] ([hue]) dejected; in pensive mood; sadly; —[milanā] to be of one /similar taste, inclination or ideas; to feel one with; to love each other; —[meṃ ānā] to occur in one’s mind; —[meṃ kahanā] to speak within; —[meṃ gāṃṭha paḍanā] to develop a complex/reservation for; —[meṃ ghara karanā/jagaha karanā/basanā] to make a place in one’s heart, to become somebody’s beloved; —[meṃ baiṭhanā] to strike deep root in the heart, to become permanently embedded in; —[meṃ maila ānā] ill-will to be aroused within; a sense of dishonesty to prevail within; —[meṃ rakhanā] always to remember, to keep in view, to keep concealed to oneself; not to divulge; —[mailā karanā] to feel dejected, to be disheartened; —[mailā honā] to be in the grip of evil; to have a sense of estrangement; —[rakhanā] to comply with someone’s wish; to do as one wishes (so as not to let him/her feel bad); —[ramanā] to feel engrossed/absorbed; to identify with; —[laganā] to feel at home; to feel easy; to like; to be one with; —[lenā] to probe into one’s heart, to find one’s inner feeling; —[sāpha honā] to be clear, to have no grudge against, to have no reservations; —[se utaranā] to be liked no more, to lose appeal; —[haṭanā] to be distracted, to be repelled; —[harā honā] to feel happy; to be delighted; —[halkā honā] to feel relieved, to feel easy, to feel better; —[hātha meṃ honā] to have self-control, to have control over one’s feelings; —[hī mana] within one’s heart, secretly; —[hī mana kuḍhanā] to eat one’s heart out; —[honā] to wish, to desire.

2) Manā (मना):—(a) forbidden, prohibited; ~[ī] see [manāhī].

3) Māna (मान) [Also spelled man]:—(nm) esteem, respect; prestige, dignity; value; measure, scale; conceit, arrogance; amorous sulking; ~[gṛha] an exclusive retreat chamber for the beloved when in anger; ~[citra] a map; ~[citraṇa] mapping; -[citrāvalī] an atlas; ~[daṃḍa] a standard; criterion; ~[patra] an address (of welcome); ~[bhaṃga] disillusionment/discomfiture (of the heroine) in a love-affair; ~[bharī] (said of the beloved) full of sham arrogance, coquettish; resorting to sulkiness to express displeasure; -[mandira] see ~[gṛha; -manautī] entreaties and persuasion (esp. amongst lover and beloved) to abandon angry posture; -[mardana] knocking off somebody’s arrogance, to fix somebody in his proper place; -[mocana] bringing round an angry lover or beloved; —[karanā] to express displeasure by refusing to talk; —[nikālanā] to evaluate; —[rakhanā] to honour, to act in deference (to); —[rahanā] one’s honour to be maintained/not to be. undermined.

context information

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

1) Maṇa (मण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Man.

2) Maṇa (मण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Manas.

3) Māṇa (माण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Māna.

4) Māṇa (माण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Māna.

5) Māṇa (माण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Māna.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Maṇa (ಮಣ):—[noun] a unit of mass in the erstwhile system, equal usu. to forty seers.

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Mana (ಮನ):—

1) [noun] the element, part, substance or process (in a human or other conscious being) that reasons, thinks, feels, wills, perceives, judges, etc.; the mind.

2) [noun] the totality of all the mental activities and powers.

3) [noun] a wish or desire.

4) [noun] the result of thinking process; a mental form or picture; imagination, feeling or opinion.

5) [noun] an intention, purpose or aim.

6) [noun] a feeling of intentness, concern; interest.

7) [noun] ಮನಕ್ಕೆ ತರು [manakke taru] manakke taru to bring to (another’s) notice; to cause to notice or observe; ಮನದ ಮಂಡಿಗೆ [manada mamdige] manada maṇḍige (fig.) an unrealisable, impractical wish; ಮನದರಸಿ [manadarasi] manadarasi (a man’s) beloved woman; ಮನದೆಗೊಳಿಸು [manadegolisu] manadegoḷisu to be of interest to; to be liked; ಮನಕ್ಕೆ ಬರು [manakke baru] manakke baru to come to one’s notice; 2. to be of interest to.

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Māna (ಮಾನ):—

1) [noun] respectful honour; favourable regard.

2) [noun] proper respect for oneself; the sense of one’s own dignity or worth; self-respect; pride.

3) [noun] a high or inordinate opinion of one’s own dignity, importance, merit or superiority; pride.

4) [noun] an opinion formed based on one’s judgement, which may or may not be absolute certainty.

5) [noun] the act of measuring (using a standard unit).

6) [noun] a unit of measure (equal to four Soliges).

7) [noun] a particular measure of land.

8) [noun] a unit of time or a period of time of particular duration.

9) [noun] a container of standard capacity for measuring; a measure.

10) [noun] the act of considering; a taking into consideration.

11) [noun] a receiving or treating of others warmly and generously; hospitability.

12) [noun] the external organ of reproduction.

13) [noun] personal behavior; the way of acting; bearing or deportment; conduct.

14) [noun] a residential building.

15) [noun] (jain.) mental aberration; mental illness or derangement.

16) [noun] (jain.) a kind of karma, that acts as an impediment in the way of perfecting one’s conduct.

17) [noun] (archit.) the measurement of height or length.

18) [noun] ಮಾನ ಕೊಡು [mana kodu] māna koḍu to give respect; to regard with esteem; ಮಾನ ಉಳಿಸು [mana ulisu] māna uḷisu to protect (another’s) honour, esteem; ಮಾನ ಕಾಯು [mana kayu] māna kāyu = ಮಾನ ಉಳಿಸು [mana ulisu]; ಮಾನಾಪಹಾನಿ [manapahani] mānāpahāni loss of honour; humiliation; ಮಾನ ಮರ್ಯಾದೆ [mana maryade] māna maryāde respectful regard;ಮಾನ ತೆಗೆ [mana tege] māna tege to deprive of honour; to disgrace.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Tamil dictionary

Source: DDSA: University of Madras: Tamil Lexicon

Maṇa (மண) [maṇattal] 12 intransitive verb

1. To be united, mingled; கலத்தல். அறையும் பொறையு மணந்த தலைய [kalathal. araiyum poraiyu manantha thalaiya] (புறநானூறு [purananuru] 118).

2. To come together; வந்து கூடுதல். நிரை மணந்த காலையே [vanthu kuduthal. nirai manantha kalaiye] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 418).

3. To happen; நேர்தல். மருவுற மணந்த நட்பு [nerthal. maruvura manantha nadpu] (கலித்தொகை [kalithogai] 46).

4. To be fixed, attached; பத்துப்பாட்டு: பொருநராற்றுப்படை்துதல். மத்தகத் தருவியின் மணந்த வோடைய [porunthuthal. mathagath tharuviyin manantha vodaiya] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 2211).

5. To emit fragrance; கமழ்தல். மணந்த சோலை யும் [kamazhthal. manantha solai yum] (அரிச்சந்திர புராணம் விவாக. [arichandira puranam vivaga.] 98).

6. To shine; விளங்கு தல். தேவர் மகுட மணக்குங் கழல் வீரா [vilangu thal. thevar maguda manakkung kazhal vira] (திருப்புகழ் [thiruppugazh] 527). — transitive

1. To wed; மணம் புரிதல். மணந்தார் பிரிவுள்ளி [manam purithal. mananthar pirivulli] (நாலடியார் [naladiyar] 397).

2. To copulate with; புணர்தல். (பிங்கலகண்டு) மாசில்வண் சேக்கை மணந்த புணர்ச்சியுள் [punarthal. (pingalagandu) masilvan sekkai manantha punarchiyul] (கலித்தொகை [kalithogai] 24).

3. To live in company with; கூடியிருத்தல். மணக்குங்கான் மலரன்ன தகையவாய் [kudiyiruthal. manakkungan malaranna thagaiyavay] (கலித்தொகை [kalithogai] 25).

4. To embrace; அணைத் தல். திருந்திழை மென்றோள் மணந்தவன் [anaith thal. thirunthizhai menrol mananthavan] (கலித்தொகை [kalithogai] 131).

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Maṉa (மன) < மன்¹. [man¹.] adverb Exceedingly; மிகவும். அஃதவல மன்று மன [migavum. aqthavala manru mana] (கலித்தொகை [kalithogai] 108). — particle Affix to a participial or finite verb; வினைமுற்று வினையெச்சங்கட்கு இறுதியாகவரும் இடைச்சொல். [vinaimurru vinaiyechangadku iruthiyagavarum idaichol.] (தொல். எழுத். [thol. ezhuth.] 210.)

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Maṉā (மனா) noun perhaps from மன்னு-. [mannu-.]

1. See மனவு [manavu],

2. மங்கை மனாவனைய மென்சூன்மடவுடும்பு [mangai manavanaiya mensunmadavudumbu] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 2781).

2. See மனவு [manavu],

4. (திவா. [thiva.])

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Māṉa (மான) particle < மான்⁵-. [man⁵-.] A word of comparison; ஓர் உவமைச்சொல். [or uvamaichol.] (தொல். பொ. [thol. po.] 287.)

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Māṉā (மானா) noun (W.)

1. Grandfather; பாட்டன். [pattan.]

2. Father; தகப்பன். [thagappan.]

context information

Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.

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Text 4.88 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]

Text 4.69 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]

Text 4.72 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]

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Karika verse 3.7 < [Chapter 3 - Third Khanda]

Mantra 3.3 < [Chapter 3 - Third Khanda]

Mantra 3.4 < [Chapter 3 - Third Khanda]

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3. The Breadth, Length and Height of the Gopuras < [Chapter 5 - Gopura Lakṣaṇa]

3. Pañcaprākāra (Five types of Prākāras) < [Chapter 3 - Prākāra Lakṣaṇa]

4. Technicalities (a): Mānāṅgula Measurements < [Chapter 2 - Author and his Works]

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