Jivanmukta, Jīvanmukta, Jivan-mukta, Jivat-mukta, Jivamukta: 20 definitions

Introduction:

Jivanmukta means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Sikhism, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Purana glossary
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त) refers to a “a living liberated soul”, according to the Śivapurāṇa-māhātmya 1.34-35.—“this divine Purāṇa of seven saṃhitās and called after Śiva stands on an equal footing with Brahman (i.e. Vedic Texts) and accords an achievement that is superior to everything else. He who reads the entire Śivapurāṇa without omitting any of the seven saṃhitās can be called a Jīvanmukta (a living liberated soul)”.

Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Vedanta (school of philosophy)

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Vedanta glossary
Source: Shodhganga: Siva Gita A Critical Study

1) Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त) refers to “liberated soul”.—One who has attained nirvikalpa-samādhi—realization of the self, Paraśiva—and is liberated from rebirth while living in human body. (Contrasted with videhamukta—one liberated at the point of death.)

2) Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त) or Jīvanmuktagītā refers to one of the sixty-four Gītās commonly referred to in Hindu scriptures.—Gītā is the name given to certain sacred writings in verse (often in the form of a dialogue) which are devoted to the exposition of particular religious and theosophical doctrines. Most of these Gītās [i.e., Jīvanmukta-gītā] originate from the Mahābhārata or the various Purāṇas.

Vedanta book cover
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Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

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Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam

Jīvamukta (जीवमुक्त) refers to:—One who is liberated from material existence even in this world. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).

Vaishnavism book cover
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Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Shaktism glossary
Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त) refers to one who is “liberated while living”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā. Accordingly, “O Bhairava, the householder (gṛhastha) shrouded by Māyā does not possess accomplishment in the home and he does not attain worldly benefits (bhukti) or liberation (there). (But) those who are devoted to the worship of the Vidyā, intent on that, their mind (given solely to) that are without a doubt, liberated while living (jīvanmukta) in this world of living beings. O god, once they have gone to either the First Seat, Pūrṇagiryaka, the one called Jāla or the venerable Kāmarūpaka;they certainly achieve the goal and they have no troubles”.

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (shaktism)

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त) refers to “(one who is) liberated in life”, according to Sāhib Kaul’s Śārikāstrotra.—Accordingly, “[...] He who recites your syllable with pure heart and proper devotion, O Śārikā, which consists of abja and vaktravṛtta, in his mouth a fully developed voice stays, which has the beauty of unfolding through various good emotions. He who recites your syllable, consisting of abja and vaktravṛtta, and called asthyātmā, O Śārikā, is liberated in life (jīvanmukta) and, enjoying supreme bhogas, will later dissolve in your state, O Bhavānī. [...]”.

Shaktism book cover
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Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Shaivism glossary
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त) [=Jīvanmuktatā?] refers to “(the state of) liberation-in-life”, according to the Īśvarapratyabhijñāvimarśinī (KSTS vol. 65, 330).—Accordingly, “[...] Thus, due to practicing [this insight], the qualities of His consciousness, which are aspects of Śakti, fully penetrate [those various levels], causing the [various] powers to arise. But even without practice, in the [rare] case of an instantaneous immersion into That, one obtains the state of liberation-in-life (jīvanmuktatā-lābha) through the process of the direct experience of [the Five Mystic States]: Bliss, Ascent, Trembling, Sleep, and ‘Whirling,’ which means Pervasion”.

Shaivism book cover
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Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

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Yoga (school of philosophy)

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Yoga glossary
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त) refers to “becoming liberated while alive”, according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Vāmadeva: “[...] [Just as Arjuna's] fist [aimed his bow] upwards [at the Yantra], [yet] his gaze was [on Rādhā’s reflection in a bowl of oil] below; his piercing [of the target] was above, [yet] his head was [tilted] down, [just so the yogin practises Śāmbhavī Mudrā.] He will become liberated while alive (jīvanmukta) by [this] method of [gazing down at] Rādhā and [aiming upwards at the] Yantra. [...]”.

Yoga book cover
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Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

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General definition (in Hinduism)

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Hinduism glossary
Source: WikiPedia: Hinduism

Jivanamukti i.e. freedom from the vicious cycle of birth and rebirth, is a concept in Hindu philosophy, particularly in the school of philosophy known as Advaita. The ultimate goal of Hinduism is liberation from the cycles of rebirth. This liberation is technically called moksha. Jivanmukta is derived from the word, Jivanmukti, a combination of Sanskrit words jiva and mukti.

Shankara explains that nothing can induce one to act who has no desire of his own to satisfy. The supreme limit of vairagya ("detachment"), is the non-springing of vasanas in respect of enjoyable objects; the non-springing of the sense of the “I” (in things which are the anatman) is the extreme limit of bodha ("awakening"), and the non-springing again of the modifications which have ceased is the extreme limit of Uparati ("abstinence"). The Jivanmukta, by reason of his ever being Brahman, is freed from awareness of external objects and no longer aware of any difference between the inner atman and Brahman and between Brahman and the world, ever experiencing infinite consciousness, to him the world is as a thing forgotten. Vijnatabrahmatattvasya yathapurvam na samsrtih – "there is no samsara as before for one who has known Brahman".

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Marathi glossary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त).—a S Purified by Divine knowledge, and exonerated whilst living from future births and from all ceremonies and rites at present; emancipated although in the body. 2 Absorbed in Divine contemplation.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त).—a Emancipated whilst in the body, exonerated whilst living from future births and from all ceremonies and rites at present. Absorbed in Divine contemplation.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Sanskrit glossary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त).—a. 'liberated while living', a man who, being purified by a true knowledge of the Supreme Spirit, is freed from the future birth and all ceremonial rites while yet living.

Jīvanmukta is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms jīvat and mukta (मुक्त).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त).—m.

(-ktaḥ) A man purified by knowledge of Bramha, and exonerated whilst living from future birth, and all ritual caremonies. E. jīvana, and mukta freed. jīvanneva muktaḥ .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त).—[adjective] liberated in life, [abstract] kti [feminine]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त):—[=jīvan-mukta] [from jīvan > jīv] mfn. emancipated while still alive (id est. liberated before death from all liability to future births), [Kapila’s Sāṃkhya-pravacana iii, 78; Vedāntasāra; Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त):—[jīva-nmukta] (ktaḥ) a. One entitled to freedom from any other birth.

[Sanskrit to German]

Jivanmukta in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Hindi glossary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Jīvanmukta (जीवन्मुक्त):—(a) freed from worldly bonds in life, liberated; ~[kti] freedom from worldly bonds in life, liberation.

context information

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Kannada-English dictionary

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Kannada glossary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Jīvanmukta (ಜೀವನ್ಮುಕ್ತ):—[noun] a man who has attained liberation from the worldly bonds and from future births, by acquiring true spiritual knowledge, while still alive.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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In Sikkhism

General definition (in Sikkhism)

[«previous next»] — Jivanmukta in Sikkhism glossary
Source: Sikhi Wiki: Sikhism

JIVAN-MUKTA in Sikhism the ideal and aim or objective of man’s spiritual life. The term is derived from jivan-mukti (jivan=life; mukti=release, liberation, emancipation freedom from bondage), and means one who has attained liberation from human bondage or one who has attained to the highest spiritual state of being in tune with the Ultimate while still living. The idea of mukti is encountered, with some conceptual variations, in practically all religious faiths, e.g. moksa in Hinduism, nirvana in Buddhism, Nijat in Islam and salvation in Christianity. The belief underlying the concept of mukti is, that the soul, a particle of the Supreme Soul, is, while embedded in the physical frame, in a state of viyog or separation and longs for sanyog or reunion with its source, which for it is the supreme bliss.

If the body is the cause of the soul's bondage, it is clear that its release essentially involves its separation from the earthly cage, meaning death; and that is how it is generally understood. In the Indian context mukti means deliverance of the human soul from the cycle of birth, death and rebirth to which it is destined in consequence of its past and present karma (actions, deeds). Various ways, such as spiritual knowledge (jnana marg) disinterested service, ritualism (karma marg), austerities (hath yoga) and devotion to God (bhakti marg) are suggested to break the incarnation cycle.

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