Itara: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Itara means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Itar.
In Hinduism
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric TraditionsItara (इतर) refers to “ordinary (men)”, according to the Halāyudhastotra verse 34-35.—Accordingly, “The visitation of the wives of the distinguished sages in the Pine Park, the oblation with seed in Fire, the twilight dance: Your behaviour is not reprehensible. O Three-eyed one! The doctrines of the world do not touch those who have left worldly life, having passed far beyond the path of those whose minds are afflicted by false knowledge. The gods all wear gold and jewels as an ornament on their body (vapus). You do not even wear gold the size of a berry on your ear or on your hand. The one whose natural beauty, surpassing the path [of the world], flashes on his own body, has no regard for the extraneous ornaments of ordinary men (itara-jana)”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (kavya)Itara (इतर) refers to “another man”, according to Kālidāsa’s Raghuvaṃśa verse 8.88-90.—Accordingly: “The wise say that death is the natural state of embodied creatures and life is a change in that state. If a being remains breathing even for a moment it is surely fortunate. The foolish man regards the loss of his dear one as a dart shot into his heart. Another man (itara) looks on the same as a dart that has been pulled out, for it is a door to beatitude. When we are taught that our own body and soul unite and then separate, tell me which wise person should be tormented by separation from the external objects of the senses?”.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsItara (इतर) or Itaraśarīra refers to “movable bodies”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Embodied souls, living in immovable and movable bodies (itara—sthiretaraśarīreṣu), are born [and] die constrained by the chains of their own actions. In this world sometimes corporeal [souls] filled with a mass of virtue appear in heaven because of the development of life and name karmas connected with the celestial state of existence”.
Synonyms: Asthira.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Itara in India is the name of a plant defined with Xanthium strumarium in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Xanthium canadense Mill. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Annual Report of the Missouri Botanical Garden (1905)
· Flora Caroliniana (1788)
· Journal of Palynology (1980)
· Taxon (1982)
· Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (1994)
· Acta Biologica Cracoviensia, Series Botanica (1974)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Itara, for example diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, health benefits, chemical composition, extract dosage, side effects, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionaryitara : (adj.) the other.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary1) Itara, 2 (adj.) frequent spelling for ittara (q. v.). (Page 118)
2) Itara, 1 (adj.) (Ved. itara = Lat. iterum a second time; compar. of pron. base *i, as in ayaṃ, etaṃ, iti etc. ) other, second, next; different Dh. 85, 104, 222; J. II, 3; III, 26; IV, 4; PvA. 13, 14, 42, 83, 117. In repetition cpd. itarîtara one or the other, whatsoever, any Sn. 42; J. V, 425; Nd2 141; Miln. 395; KhA 145, 147; Acc. itarîtaraṃ & Instr. itarîtarena used as adv. of one kind or another, in every way, anyhow (cp. BSk. itaretara M Vastu III, 348 and see Wackernagel Altind. Gram. II. Ś 121 c. ) J VI 448 (°ṃ); Dh. 331 (°ena); Vv 841 (text reads itritarena, v. l. itaritarena, expld. by itaritaraṃ VvA. 333). (Page 118)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryitara (इतर).—a (S) Other, different. itaraviśēṣa The rest, others remaining; the appendages or minor particulars.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishitara (इतर).—a Other, different.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryItara (इतर).—pron. a. (-rā f., -rat n.)
1) Another, the other (of two), the remaining one of the two; इतरो दहने स्वकर्मणाम् (itaro dahane svakarmaṇām) R.8.2 v. l.
2) The rest or other (pl.). what is left. इतरदधिकार्थे° (itaradadhikārthe°) | MS.7.1.16 (on which śabara writes itaradadhikārthe samānamitarat samānamadhikamityarthaḥ |).
3) Other than, different fr om (with abl.); इतरताप- शतानि यथेच्छया वितर तानि सहे चतुरानन (itaratāpa- śatāni yathecchayā vitara tāni sahe caturānana) Udb.; इतरो रावणादेष राघवानुचरो यदि (itaro rāvaṇādeṣa rāghavānucaro yadi) Bhaṭṭikāvya 8.16.
4) Opposite of, either used by itself as an adj. or at the end of comp.; जङ्गमानीत- राणि च (jaṅgamānīta- rāṇi ca) Rām.; विजयायेतराय वा (vijayāyetarāya vā) Mb.; सुलभेतरसंप्रयोगाम् (sulabhetarasaṃprayogām) M.5.3 opposite of, other than easy, difficult; so दक्षिण° (dakṣiṇa°) left; वाम° (vāma°) right &c.
5) Low, mean, vulgar, ordinary; इतर इव परिभूय ज्ञानं मन्मथेन जडीकृतः (itara iva paribhūya jñānaṃ manmathena jaḍīkṛtaḥ) K.154,16,23,273. इतर-इतर (itara-itara) the one-the other, this-that.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryItara (इतर).—mfn.
(-raḥ-rā-raṃ) 1. Other, different. 2. Low, vile. E. i desire, tṛ to pass over, and apa aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryItara (इतर).—[i-tara] (from the pronominal base i, see idam), adj., f. rā, n. rad (ved. ram, cf. [Latin] iterum), 1. Other, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 1, 70; itara-itarair atha vā itaraiḥ, By these or those, Mahābhārata 2, 2503. 2. Contrary, e. g. vijayāya itarāya vā, To victory or defeat, Mahābhārata 1, 4092.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryItara (इतर).—([neuter] ram or rad) [adjective] other, different from ([ablative] or —°); usual, common. itaraitara the one — the other. Obs. also dvijetara not a Brahman; sukhetara [neuter] [plural] joy and woe; dakṣiṇetara left.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Itara (इतर):—[=i-tara] mf(ā)n. (the neuter is ad in classical Sanskṛt, but am [ad, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa]] in [Vedic or Veda] [Pāṇini 7-1, 25, 26]; comparative form of [pronominal] base 3. i; cf. [Latin] iterum; [Hibernian or Irish] iter), the other (of two), another
2) [v.s. ...] [plural] the rest
3) [v.s. ...] (with [ablative]) different from, [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa; Manu-smṛti; Raghuvaṃśa; Hitopadeśa] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] low, vile, [Kādambarī]
5) [v.s. ...] expelled, rejected, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) Itarā (इतरा):—[=i-tarā] [from i-tara] f. said to be a Name of the mother of Aitareya
7) Itara (इतर):—[=i-tara] itara, itara, the one the other, this that. (itara connected antithetically with a preceding word often signifies the contrary idea e.g. vijayāya itarāya vā [Mahābhārata], to victory or defeat; so in Dvandva compounds, sukhetareṣu [Śvetāśvatara-upaniṣad], in happiness and distress; it sometimes, however, forms a Tat-puruṣa compound with another word to express the one idea implied in the contrary of that word, e.g. dakṣiṇetara, the left hand.)
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryItara (इतर):—[(raḥ-rā-raṃ) a.] Other; low.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Itara (इतर) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Iyara.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryItara (इतर) [Also spelled itar]:—(a) other, different.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusItara (ಇತರ):—[adjective] other a) different or distinct from that or those referred to or implied; b) being the remaining one or ones of two or more; c) different in nature or kind.
--- OR ---
Itara (ಇತರ):—
1) [noun] (pl.) men of no consequence; common people.
2) [noun] a wicked man.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+8): Itara-bhasha, Itara-bitara, Itara-paksha, Itarad, Itaraga, Itarahvaya, Itaraja, Itarajana, Itarajatiya, Itaraji, Itaral, Itaralaya, Itaralayavidura, Itaram, Itaran, Itarana, Itaranga, Itarapani, Itarartha, Itarasharira.
Ends with (+110): Abbhitara, Aditara, Aitara, Akkhitara, Akshitara, Alpetara, Anitara, Antitara, Apacitara, Aparetara, Atitara, Baherabhitara, Bairomitara, Bhitara, Bhrikutitara, Bhuritara, Bitara, Boksi-sitara, Brahmanitara, Byaromitara.
Full-text (+68): Aitareya, Itaratha, Itaretara, Sitetara, Aparetara, Itaratra, Dakshinetara, Parushetara, Apacitara, Itaram, Itarajatiya, Naretara, Itaretarakamya, Itaratas, Itaredyus, Itaranga, Itarajana, Vametara, Prathametara, Prakashetara.
Relevant text
Search found 44 books and stories containing Itara, I-tara, I-tarā, Itarā; (plurals include: Itaras, taras, tarās, Itarās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Shat-cakra-nirupana (the six bodily centres) (by Arthur Avalon)
Chandogya Upanishad (Madhva commentary) (by Srisa Chandra Vasu)
The Tattvasangraha [with commentary] (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 957-959 < [Chapter 16 - Examination of the Import of Words]
A Manual of Abhidhamma (by Nārada Thera)
Classification of Matter < [Chapter VI - Analysis of Matter]
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