Cheda: 30 definitions

Introduction:

Cheda means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Chheda.

Ambiguity: Although Cheda has separate glossary definitions below, it also represents an alternative spelling of the word Ceda. It further has the optional forms Cheḍa.

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)

Source: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita—Text on Visha Chikitsa

Cheda (छेद) or “incision” refers to one of the eight sections of Cikitsā or “(medical) treatment (for poison)”, according to the Kāśyapa Saṃhitā: an ancient Sanskrit text from the Pāñcarātra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Viṣacikitsā—an important topic from Āyurveda which deals with the study of Toxicology (Viṣavidyā or Sarpavidyā).—In the penultimate Adhyāya of the Kāśyapasaṃhitā (XII. 63) the sage states that cikitsā or treatment for poison is eight-fold [viz., incision (cheda)]. Formulations prescribed by Kāśyapa are reckoned for their easy availability, sheer clarity and easy administration. Rather than the use of chemicals, acids, bromides etc. he has drawn from the vast storehouse of nature, more so the vegetable kingdom whose efficacy has been observed, tried and recommended from time to time.

Unclassified Ayurveda definitions

Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms

Cheda (छेद):—Cutting pain

Ayurveda book cover
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Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Cheda (छेद) refers to “destruction” (of fettered existence), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly: “Kuleśvarī, the Wish-granting Gem is in the middle between the imperishable and the perishable. [...] Born in the house of Himavat, having hidden (herself), she went to the Western (House). The repeated return of one who has gone is Maheśvarī who is (the divine) will. Above the Moon and the Sun, she is (the energy) of the lord who destroys fettered existence [i.e., bhava-ccheda-karin]. She is the Moonlight (of the New Moon) that shines (darkly) in the End of the Twelve, (her colour) like blue collyrium. She is visible in (this) Age of Strife as the will of the Kula of the vitality of Kaula practice. The destruction of the three worlds, which must be kept well hidden, has been revealed”.

Shaktism book cover
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Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions

Cheda (छेद) or Āccheda refers to the “cutting off (of the topknot)”, according to the Jñānaratnāvalī, (p. 266).—Accordingly, “Therein, now, [the initiation types] are twofold, [namely] dependent on [whether] there is a requirement to perfrom postinitiatory practice or not; and [they are also twofold insofar as being] śivadharmiṇī or lokadharmiṇī. Here [in the category of the sāpekṣā-nirvāṇadīkṣā kind], the śivadharmiṇī is for ascetics and contains the cutting off of the topknot (śikhā-cheda-samāyuktā), while the other [initiation] is for householders and is without [cutting off the topknot]. [...]”.

Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra

Cheda (छेद) refers to “cutting” (the binding ties), according to the Netratantroddyota commentary on the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 4.5cd-6, while describing the purification process of the initiand]—“[...] Once he has performed the saṃskāra [called] separation, whose nature is the absence of being the agent of experience, once all bhogas have been completed]. Then, as proclaimed by tradition, [he should] cut the bonds (pāśa-cheda) with the astramantra. [Then, after [he has] cut (cheda) the binding ties (pāśasūtra) with the astramantra, which is taught to follow immediately after this separation, with the same [mantra] he should] burn [that thread by casting it into ritual fire”.

Shaivism book cover
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Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

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Kavya (poetry)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (kavya)

Cheda (छेद) or Śiraścheda refers to “decapitations”, according to Bāṇa’s Kādambarī (p. 225-226).—Accordingly, while describing the shire of the Goddess Caṇḍikā, “[Then follows the image of the Goddess Caṇḍikā, which matches the conception of Kālarātri in the passage from the Mahābhārata:] Her feet were never bereft of cloths [dyed with] red lac thrown upon the mound of her seat [on the altar] as if they were the lives of all creatures arrived there for shelter; she resembled an inhabitant of the Underworld because of the intense darkness obstructed [only] by the flashes from axes, spears, etc., weapons deadly for beings, that seemed to hold nets of hair stuck from decapitations (śiras-cheda-lagna) because of the reflections of black yak-tail whisks cast [upon their surfaces]; [...]”.

Kavya book cover
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Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.

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Vastushastra (architecture)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (architecture)

Cheda (छेद) refers to the “cutting” (of the cord), according to the Devyāmata (in the section śalyoddhāra-paṭala or “excavation of extraneous substances”).—Accordingly, “[...] If a cord is cut (sūtra-cheda), there is death or deadly pain. [The officiant] who has knowledge of the ritual should perform the fire rite for quelling of calamities, if he becomes aware of such [omens]. Since a levelled house brings every comfort and prosperity [to the residents], one should divide the site properly with cords and examine extraneous substances beneath the site. [...]”.

Vastushastra book cover
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Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.

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Yoga (school of philosophy)

Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Cheda (छेद) refers to “deprivation”, according to the Yogabīja (verse 76cd-78ab; Cf verse 51-53).—Accordingly, “The wise [Yogin] burns his body, consisting of the seven Dhātus, with the fire [stoked by Haṭhayoga]. His diseases and torments such as deprivation (cheda) and physical harm vanish [tasya naśyanti chedaghātādikā vyathāḥ], and he remains embodied, his form [like] the supreme ether. What more can be said? He does not die”.

Yoga book cover
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Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

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Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Cheda (छेद) refers to “that which reduces (fat)”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “Hunting on horseback (āśvina) represents one of the eight subdivisions of Hunting (mṛgayā). [...] The practice of hunting on horseback reduces fat (medas-cheda), lightens the body, enhances strength and ambition, hardens the muscles, kindles appetite, produces a capacity for enduring hunger, thirst, heat, cold, fatigue, and keeping awake at night, generates a skill in aiming at moving objects, increases energy, and produces a faculty of knowing the movements and minds of animals. These and many such excellences are acquired by it for one’s own benefit. [...]”.

Arts book cover
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This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Jainism

Cheda (छेद, “suspension”) represents one of the seven types of prāyaścitta (‘expiation’). Prāyaścitta means ‘purification’ of from the flaws or transmigressions.

Cheda is a Sanskrit technical term defined in the Tattvārthasūtra (ancient authorative Jain scripture) from the 2nd century, which contains aphorisms dealing with philosophy and the nature of reality.

Source: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 7: The Five Vows

1) Cheda (छेद, “mutilating”) refers to one of the five transgressions (aticara) of the “minor vow of non-violence” (ahiṃsā-aṇuvrata) according to the 2nd-century Tattvārthasūtra 7.25.—What is meant by mutilating (cheda)? It means to mutilate the limb such as ear, nose, etc of a living being.

2) Cheda (छेद) or Chedaprāyaścitta refers to “suspension-expiation”.—To observe the period of separation from the congregation and perform penance for one, two weeks for removing the flaws committed is called suspension (cheda).

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Cheda (छेद) refers to the “cutting off” (the many chains produced by actions), according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “On account of the difference between what is intentional and unintentional, wearing away karma has two varieties which are the cause for cutting off (cheda-kāraṇa) the many chains produced by actions. Just as fruits of a tree ripen of their own accord and from [different] means so in this world [the ripening] of karmas is to be understood as [being] of its own accord in the form of [different] means”.

Source: Singhi Jain Series: Ratnaprabha-suri’s Kuvalayamala-katha

Cheda (छेद) refers to a “cutting” (i.e., a process for testing Gold), according to the 8th-century Kuvalayamālā written by Uddyotanasūri, a Prakrit Campū (similar to Kāvya poetry) narrating the love-story between Prince Candrāpīḍa and the Apsaras Kādambarī.—There is a reference to gold of highest purity. Whatever impurity or dross was contained in the gold brought to the goldsmith was removed by the latter by subjecting it to different processes of testing it on the touch-stone, cutting (cheda), heating under regulated fire, beating out into flat sheets, filing the sheets and the same process of beating it into a different shape, giving it a shape of round bar and dividing into several parts for final testing.

General definition book cover
context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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India history and geography

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Cheda.—(EI 13), a quarter, area or subdivision; cf. Brahma- cāri-ccheda. Note: cheda is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

India history book cover
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The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

cheda : (m.) cutting off; severance.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Cheda, (see chindati) cutting, destruction, loss Sn.367 (°bandhana); J.I, 419; 485; sīsa° decapitation DhA.II, 204; PvA.5; aṇḍa° castration J.IV, 364;— bhatta °ṃ karoti to put on short rations J.I, 156. pada° separation of words SnA 150. —°gāmin (adj.) liable to break, fragile A.II, 81; J.V, 453.—Cp. vi°. (Page 277)

Pali book cover
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Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

chēḍā (छेडा).—See chaṭā, chaḍaṇēṃ, chaḍā.

--- OR ---

chēda (छेद).—m (chidra S through H) A hole or a vacuity;--used rather diminutively of chidra. 2 A crack, slit, fissure, cleft. 3 (chēda S) Cutting, splitting, dividing. 4 The denominator of a fraction. 5 The divisor. chēda pāḍūna lihaṇēṃ To leave intervals in writing.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

chēḍā (छेडा).—& chēḍā See chaṭa, chaḍaṇēṃ & chaḍā.

--- OR ---

chēda (छेद).—m A hole. A slit, crack, fissure, cleft. Cutting, splitting, dividing. The divisor. The denominator of a fraction.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Cheda (छेद).—[chid bhāve ghañ ac vā]

1) Cutting, felling down, breaking down, dividing; अभिज्ञाश्छेदपातानां क्रियन्ते नन्दनद्रुमाः (abhijñāśchedapātānāṃ kriyante nandanadrumāḥ) Kumārasambhava 2.41; छेदो दंशस्य दाहो वा (chedo daṃśasya dāho vā) M.4.4; R.14.1; Manusmṛti 8. 27,37; Y.2.223,24.

2) Solving, removing, dissipating, clearing; as in संशयच्छेद (saṃśayaccheda).

3) Destruction, interruption; निद्राच्छेदाभिताम्रा (nidrācchedābhitāmrā) Mu.3.21.

4) Cessation, end, termination, disappearance as in घर्मच्छेद (gharmaccheda) Ś.2.5.

5) A distinguishing mark.

6) A cut, an incision, cleft.

7) Deprivation, want, deficiency.

8) Failure; सन्तति- च्छेद (santati- ccheda) Ś.6.

9) A piece, bit, cut, fragment, section; बिसकिसलयच्छेदपाथेयवन्तः (bisakisalayacchedapātheyavantaḥ) Meghadūta 11,59; अभिनवकरिदन्तच्छेदपाण्डुः कपोलः (abhinavakaridantacchedapāṇḍuḥ kapolaḥ) Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 1.22; Kumārasambhava 1.4; Ś.3.6; R.12.1.

1) (In math.) A divisor, the denominator of a fraction.

Derivable forms: chedaḥ (छेदः).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Cheda (छेद).—(= chedya, q.v.), a martial art: chede vā bhede vā Mahāvastu ii.74.1.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Cheda (छेद).—m.

(-daḥ) 1. Cutting, dividing. 2. A part, a portion. 3. Solving, dissipating, (as doubt.) 4. The denominator of a fraction. 5. The divisor. E. chid to cut, affix bhāve ghañ, or ac vā .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Cheda (छेद).—i. e. chid + a, I. adj. One who cuts away, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 9, 44. Ii. m. 1. A slice, a piece, [Raghuvaṃśa, (ed. Stenzler.)] 12, 100; [Meghadūta, (ed. Gildemeister.)] 11. 2. Cutting, [Pañcatantra] 108, 11. 3. Cutting off, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 368. 4. Destruction, Mahābhārata 13, 1637. 5. Dissipation, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] [distich] 38. 6. Ceasing, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 76. 7. Want, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] 91, 12. 8. Limit, [Yājñavalkya, (ed. Stenzler.)] 1, 319.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Cheda (छेद).—[masculine] cutter, a cut, section, piece, portion; cutting, dividing, separation, interruption, disturbance; decrease, cessation, loss, want; decision, definition.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Cheda (छेद):—[from chid] mfn. ifc. ‘cutting off’ See sthāṇu-

2) [v.s. ...] m. divisor, denominator, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhajjātaka viii, 4; Laghujātaka, by Varāha-mihira vii, 6]

3) [v.s. ...] a cut, section, piece, portion, [Rāmāyaṇa ii, 61, 14; Raghuvaṃśa; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā] etc.

4) [v.s. ...] an incision, cleft, slit, [liii, 122]

5) [v.s. ...] [lxxi, 4 f.]

6) [v.s. ...] cutting off, tearing off dividing (often ifc.), [Manu-smṛti viii; Yājñavalkya] etc.

7) [v.s. ...] separation (of syllables or words), [Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha v, 109; Mahābhārata xii, 101, 5 [Scholiast or Commentator]]

8) [v.s. ...] dissipating (doubt, etc.), [Horace H. Wilson]

9) [v.s. ...] interruption, vanishing, cessation, deprivation, want, [xiii, 1637; Śakuntalā; Vikramorvaśī; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā] etc.

10) [v.s. ...] limit of (in [compound]), [Yājñavalkya i, 319]

11) [v.s. ...] smoothing (a conflict, by an ordeal, divya-), [Kathāsaritsāgara lx, 222]

12) [from chid] cf. ṛṇa-.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Cheda (छेद):—(daḥ) 1. m. A cutting; a portion; denominator of a fraction.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Cheda (छेद) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Chea.

[Sanskrit to German]

Cheda in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Cheḍa (छेड):—(nf) teasing, offending; pricks, pranks.

2) Cheda (छेद) [Also spelled chhed]:—(nm) a hole, bore; perforation; opening; incision, puncture; ~[dāra] perforated; bored; having hole(s)/opening(s).

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Chēda (ಛೇದ):—

1) [noun] the act of cutting, severing, separating; abscission.

2) [noun] the act or an instance of destroying.

3) [noun] a small part of a whole; a fragment; a piece.

4) [noun] (Math.) the number below the line in a fraction, which shows into how many parts the integer is divided; a denominator.

5) [noun] (dance.) one of the twenty actions of the hand, depicting the action of cutting.

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Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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