Bhauma: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Bhauma means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botanyBhauma (भौम, “inorganic”) refers to a kind of classification for dravya (‘substance’), according to its source. The term is used throughout Ayurvedic literature such as the Suśruta-saṃhitā and the Caraka-saṃhitā. Dravyas are the basic elemental substances from which all things emerge; they are composed the five mahābhūtas and act as receptacle for guṇas (‘qualties’).
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia1) Bhauma (भौम).—The fourteenth Manu. In the time of this Manu, the person called Śuci will be Indra. Under his control there will be five groups of Devas. These groups are called Cākṣuṣas, Pavitras, Kaniṣṭhas, Bhrājikas and Vāpāvṛddhas. The Saptarṣis (seven sages) of that Manvantara are Agnibāhu, Śuci, Śukra, Māgadha, Agnīdhra, Yukta and Jita. At that time, the sons of Manu who will be protecting the earth will be Ūru, gaṃbhīrabuddhi and other Kings. (Viṣṇu Purāṇa, 3rd Part, Chapter 2).
2) Bhauma (भौम).—Another name of Narakāsura. (See the word Narakāsura).
3) Bhauma (भौम).—A Rākṣasa born to Siṃhikā by Vipracitti. Paraśu-Rāma killed him. (Brahmāṇḍa—3-6-18-22).
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationBhauma (भौम) refers to the “son of the Earth” and is used to describe the planet Mars, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.10.—Accordingly, after Śiva spoke to the Earth (Dharaṇī):—“After saying this He stopped. He was a bit relieved of His pangs of separation. Śiva, free from aberrations, and a lover of good men, acted thus only for following the worldly conventions. The Earth too, as Śiva bade her, returned to her abode along with the child. She was extremely happy. The child acquired the name Bhauma (son of the Earth). He attained youth immedately. For a long time he worshipped lord Śiva at Kāśī. [...]”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Bhauma (भौम).—A name of the Asura, Naraka (s.v.) a Saiṃhikeya Asura.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa I. 10. 29; XII. 3. 11; Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 6. 20.
1b) Mars: one of the nine planets; also called Angāraka and Kumāra; of red colour;1 his chariot drawn by eight horses.2
- 1) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 23. 84; Matsya-purāṇa 93. 10; Viṣṇu-purāṇa II. 12. 18.
- 2) Matsya-purāṇa 127. 4.
1c) A son of Rucira.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 50. 36.
1d) The XIV Manu; Śuci is Indra; five groups of gods; Agnibāhu and others are sages; Ūru, Gambhīra and others, his sons.*
- * Viṣṇu-purāṇa III. 2. 42-5.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira1) Bhauma (भौम) refers to the planet Mars, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 5), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If there should be both lunar and solar eclipses in one month, princes will suffer both from dissensions among their own army and from wars. [...] If Mercury should see the eclipsed disc, honey and oil will become scarce; princes will suffer. If Mars [i.e., Bhauma] should see the eclipsed disc, there will be war in the land and fear from fire and robbers. If Venus should see the eclipsed disc, crops will be injured and there will be drought and famine in the land and the mankind will have fear from robbers”.
2) Bhauma (भौम) or Bhaumaketu refers to the “terrestrial” type of Ketus, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 11).—Accordingly, “Having examined the treatises of Garga, Parāśara, Asita, Devala and many others on Ketus, I now proceed to give a clear account of the same. The reappearance or disappearance of the Ketus is not subject to astronomical calculations. The Ketus are of three kinds—celestial, etherial and terrestrial [i.e., divya-antarikṣa-bhauma]. Ketus are luminous appearances resembling fíre but without the power to consume objects—the glow worm, certain phosphorescent appearances, gems, precious stones and the like excepted”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra TantraBhauma (भौम) refers to the “earth”, according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 19.114-116, while describing the king’s consecration]—“[...] Then [the Mantrin] should carry out the sacrifice—[which] confers siddhi—within the palace using the method described earlier with abundant oblation, for as long as seven days, O Devi. [The king] then acquires great royal fortune [and an] unconquerable kingdom, as [he] desires. And the king will obtain the siddhis of the earth and sky (bhauma-antarikṣa-siddhi). Then, the [Mantrin who performs] the nīrājana achieves [for himself] all the very best things, [and] destroys the aforementioned faults. O Devi, this is certain to take place”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the GaganagañjaparipṛcchāBhauma (भौम) refers to the “(gods of the) earth”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, as Vimalaprabhānantaraśmirāja said to king Puṇyālaṃkāra: “O great king, if this Bodhisattva Siṃhavikrāntagāmin wishes, then, by the power of the knowledge of supernatural knowledges, such rain poured down on world-spheres as numerous as the grains of sand in the river Gaṅgā, and thus living beings in those world-spheres are satisfied according to their wishes. In this way, son of good family, when the rain of all kinds of jewels poured down from open space, the gods of the earth (bhauma), filled with admiration, said that this Bodhisattva is supposed to become the Gaganagañja. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraBhauma (भौम) refers to “phenomena of the earth” and represents one of the eight divisions of Nimittaśāstra (“science of omens”), possibly corresponding to “the eight divisions of the science of omens” (aṣṭādhikaraṇīgrantha), according to chapter 2.6 [ajitanātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.—(Cf. Uttarādhyayana with Kamalasaṃyama’s commentary 31. 19, pp. 506-7).—See Rājendra, aṭṭhaṅgaṇimitta; Sūtrakṛtāṅga 2.2. 25; Pravacanasāroddhāra 1405-09, p. 410.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Bhauma in India is the name of a plant defined with Boerhavia diffusa in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Boerhavia repens var. diffusa (L.) Heimerl ex Hook.f. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Fl. Cochinch. (1790)
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Actes de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris (1792)
· Phytographia (1794)
· Flora Indica, or ‘Descriptions of Indian Plants’ (1768)
· Mus. Senckenberg.
If you are looking for specific details regarding Bhauma, for example extract dosage, side effects, pregnancy safety, health benefits, chemical composition, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarybhauma (भौम).—n Weighty material filled into a gold trinket in the place of gold fraudulently abstracted.
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bhauma (भौम).—m S The planet Mars.
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bhauma (भौम).—a S Relating to the ground, earthly, terrene, terrestrial.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishbhauma (भौम).—a Earthly. m The planet Mars.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryBhauma (भौम).—a. (-mī f.) [भूमेरपत्यं तस्या इदं वा अण् (bhūmerapatyaṃ tasyā idaṃ vā aṇ)]
1) Belonging to the earth; संस्तूयन्ते विप्रकर्षाद्भौमा नोपाधयः स्फुटम् (saṃstūyante viprakarṣādbhaumā nopādhayaḥ sphuṭam) Mv.7.22.
2) Being on the earth, earthly, terrestrial; भौमो मुनेः स्थानपरिग्रहोीऽयम् (bhaumo muneḥ sthānaparigrahoी'yam) R.13.36;15.59.
3) Earthy, made of earth; Manusmṛti 11.155.
4) Relating of Mars.
-maḥ 1 The planet Mars.
2) An epithet of the demon Naraka; त्वयि भौमं गते जेतुमरौत्सीत् स पुरीमिमाम् (tvayi bhaumaṃ gate jetumarautsīt sa purīmimām) Śiśupālavadha 2.39; भौमं हत्वा तन्निरोधादाहृताश्चारुदर्शनाः (bhaumaṃ hatvā tannirodhādāhṛtāścārudarśanāḥ) Bhāgavata 1.58.58.
3) Water.
4) Light.
5) Sky, atmosphere.
6) Name of Atri.
7) A redflowering पुनर्नवा (punarnavā).
-mam 1 Corn, grain.
2) An elemental thing; किमात्मनश्चात्र ह भौमयोस्तत् (kimātmanaścātra ha bhaumayostat) Bhāgavata 11.23.51.
3) Floor; हैमराजतभौमेषु (haimarājatabhaumeṣu) Rām.2.88.5.
4) Story; सप्तभौ- माष्टभौमैश्च स ददर्श महापुरीम् (saptabhau- māṣṭabhaumaiśca sa dadarśa mahāpurīm) Rām.5.2.5.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryBhauma (भौम).—adj. (Sanskrit, of the earth, but not used of gods), a class of gods, = bhūmya, q.v., and see deva: Mahāvyutpatti 3076; Lalitavistara 266.1; 368.3; 396.14; 401.1. See also bhaumya.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhauma (भौम).—mfn.
(-maḥ-mī-maṃ) Earthly, terrestrial, produced in or relating to the earth. m.
(-maḥ) 1. The planet Mars. 2. Hell. 3. Ambergris. 4. Water. 5. Life. f. (-mī) A name of Sita. E. bhūmi the earth, and aṇ aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhauma (भौम).—i. e. bhūmi + a, I. adj. 1. Relating to the earth, rising from the ground, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 11, 155. 2. Terrestrial. 3. Relating to the planet Mars, [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 16, 16. Ii. m. 1. The planet Mars, [Pañcatantra] 50, 20. 2. Hell. Iii. f. mī, A name of Sītā.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhauma (भौम).—[feminine] ī relating to the earth, earthly, terrestrial; or consisting of earth, earthy.
— [neuter] dust; grain, corn; ground, floor, story (only adj. —°).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Bhauma (भौम):—mf(ī)n. relating or dedicated to the earth, produced or coming from the earth, earthly, terrestrial, [Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā] etc. etc. (with naraka m. = hell on earth, [Mahābhārata]; with brahman n. = the Veda, [ib.])
2) consisting or made of earth, earthy, [Pañcaviṃśa-brāhmaṇa; Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Mahābhārata] etc.
3) coming from the land (as revenue etc.), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) ([from] bhauma, the planet Mars) relating to the pl° Mars or to his day, falling on Tuesday, [Vetāla-pañcaviṃśatikā]
5) m. a red-flowering Punar-navā, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) = ambara, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
7) Name of the 27th Muhūrta, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) [metronymic] of a [particular] earth-deity, [Gṛhya-sūtra]
9) of Atri, [Ṛgveda-anukramaṇikā]
10) of the Daitya Naraka, [Mahābhārata]
11) of the planet Mars (whose day is Tuesday), [ib.; Varāha-mihira; Purāṇa] etc.
12) m. or n. Name of [Atharva-veda xii, 1]
13) n. dust of the earth ([plural]), [Mahābhārata]
14) corn, grain, [Āpastamba]
15) (only ifc.) floor, story, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryBhauma (भौम):—(maḥ) 1. m. The planet Mars; hell; ambergris. f. (mī) Sītā. a. Terrestrial, belonging to the earth.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Bhauma (भौम) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Bhoma.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusBhauma (ಭೌಮ):—
1) [noun] of or relating to the earth; earthly.
2) [noun] made of earth or of baked clay; earthen.
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Bhauma (ಭೌಮ):—
1) [noun] Kuja, the deity of the planet Mars, son of the earth.
2) [noun] Naraka, the demon slain by Křṣṇa.
3) [noun] a shaking or trembling of the earth that is volcanic or tectonic in origin; an earthquake.
4) [noun] any physical matter.
5) [noun] water.
6) [noun] light; splendour.
7) [noun] the sky.
8) [noun] a corn; a grain.
9) [noun] a particular mode in horse-riding.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+16): Bhauma-yantra, Bhaumacara, Bhaumacari, Bhaumadarshanacara, Bhaumadevalipi, Bhaumadina, Bhaumagni, Bhaumajna, Bhaumaka, Bhaumaketu, Bhaumamamdala, Bhaumana, Bhaumantariksha, Bhaumapuja, Bhaumapujavidhi, Bhaumaratna, Bhaumari, Bhaumarika, Bhaumasamhita, Bhaumasarpa.
Ends with (+23): Abhauma, Adhibhauma, Antarbhauma, Bahubhauma, Bhavananda sarvabhauma, Dvibhauma, Ekabhauma, Gaurikantasarvabhauma, Gurusarvabhauma, Janakirama sarvabhauma, Kavisarvabhauma, Krishna sarvabhauma, Krishnabhauma, Krishnarajasarvabhauma, Krishnasarvabhauma, Mahabhauma, Mahendrabhauma, Marubhauma, Murarishripati sarvabhauma, Narayana sarvabhauma.
Full-text (+112): Bhaumaratna, Antarbhauma, Bhaumavara, Saptabhauma, Bhaumadevalipi, Mahabhauma, Bahubhauma, Valmikabhauma, Bhaumaka, Bhaumya, Bhaumacara, Bhaumavratakatha, Bhaumavaravratavidhi, Bhaumashanti, Bhaumasamhita, Bhaumapuja, Bhaumastotra, Bhaumapujavidhi, Bhaumasukta, Bhaumavratapujavidhi.
Relevant text
Search found 47 books and stories containing Bhauma; (plurals include: Bhaumas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Impact of Vedic Culture on Society (by Kaushik Acharya)
Sanskrit Inscriptions (M): Dynasties from Other Region < [Chapter 3]
Mingling of Cultures (U): The Bhauma-karas < [Chapter 4]
Religious Epithets (Brahmanical and Buddhist) < [Chapter 4]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 6.8.20 < [Chapter 8 - The Marriages of All the Queens]
Verse 1.6.50 < [Chapter 6 - Description of Kaṃsa’s Strength]
Verse 1.6.56 < [Chapter 6 - Description of Kaṃsa’s Strength]
Kavyamimamsa of Rajasekhara (Study) (by Debabrata Barai)
Part 7.3 - Classifications of Kavisamaya (poetic conventions) < [Chapter 5 - Analyasis and Interpretations of the Kāvyamīmāṃsā]
Part 7 - Kavisamaya (poetic convention) < [Chapter 3 - Contribution of Rājaśekhara to Sanskrit Poetics]
Part 7.12 - Svargīya and Pātālīya poetic conventions (Introduction) < [Chapter 5 - Analyasis and Interpretations of the Kāvyamīmāṃsā]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 1.2.32 < [Part 2 - Devotional Service in Practice (sādhana-bhakti)]
Verse 1.2.39 < [Part 2 - Devotional Service in Practice (sādhana-bhakti)]
Stupas in Orissa (Study) (by Meenakshi Chauley)
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.2.8-9 < [Chapter 2 - Jñāna (knowledge)]
Chapter 1 - Bhauma (the earthly plane) < [Part one - Prathama-khaṇḍa]
Verse 1.1.75-76 < [Chapter 1 - Bhauma (the earthly plane)]
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